名人演讲视频：美联储主席伯南克普林斯顿毕业演讲视频及演讲稿

 英文原文：

　　It's nice to be back at Princeton. I find it difficult to believe that it's been almost 11 years since I departed these halls for Washington. I wrote recently to inquire about the status of my leave from the university, and the letter I got back began, "Regrettably, Princeton receives many more qualified 1 applicants 2 for faculty 3 positions than we can accommodate."
　　I'll extend my best wishes to the seniors later, but first I want to congratulate the parents and families here. As a parent myself, I know that putting your kid through college these days is no walk in the park. Some years ago I had a colleague who sent three kids through Princeton even though neither he nor his wife attended this university. He and his spouse 4 were very proud of that accomplishment 5, as they should have been. But my colleague also used to say that, from a financial perspective, the experience was like buying a new Cadillac every year and then driving it off a cliff. I should say that he always added that he would do it all over again in a minute. So, well done, moms, dads, and families.
　　This is indeed an impressive and appropriate setting for a commencement. I am sure that, from this lectern, any number of distinguished 6 spiritual leaders have ruminated 7 on the lessons of the Ten Commandments. I don't have that kind of confidence, and, anyway, coveting 8 your neighbor's ox or donkey is not the problem it used to be, so I thought I would use my few minutes today to make Ten Suggestions, or maybe just Ten Observations, about the world and your lives after Princeton. Please note, these points have nothing whatsoever 9 to do with interest rates. My qualification for making such suggestions, or observations, besides having kindly 10 been invited to speak today by President Tilghman, is the same as the reason that your obnoxious 11 brother or sister got to go to bed later--I am older than you. All of what follows has been road-tested in real-life situations, but past performance is no guarantee of future results.
　　1. The poet Robert Burns once said something about the best-laid plans of mice and men ganging aft agley, whatever "agley" means. A more contemporary philosopher, Forrest Gump, said something similar about life and boxes of chocolates and not knowing what you are going to get. They were both right. Life is amazingly unpredictable; any 22-year-old who thinks he or she knows where they will be in 10 years, much less in 30, is simply lacking imagination. Look what happened to me: A dozen years ago I was minding my own business teaching Economics 101 in Alexander Hall and trying to think of good excuses for avoiding faculty meetings. Then I got a phone call... In case you are skeptical 12 of Forrest Gump's insight, here's a concrete suggestion for each of the graduating seniors. Take a few minutes the first chance you get and talk to an alum participating in his or her 25th, or 30th, or 40th reunion--you know, somebody who was near the front of the P-rade. Ask them, back when they were graduating 25, 30, or 40 years ago, where they expected to be today. If you can get them to open up, they will tell you that today they are happy and satisfied in various measures, or not, and their personal stories will be filled with highs and lows and in-betweens. But, I am willing to bet, those life stories will in almost all cases be quite different, in large and small ways, from what they expected when they started out. This is a good thing, not a bad thing; who wants to know the end of a story that's only in its early chapters? Don't be afraid to let the drama play out.
　　2. Does the fact that our lives are so influenced by chance and seemingly small decisions and actions mean that there is no point to planning, to striving? Not at all. Whatever life may have in store for you, each of you has a grand, lifelong project, and that is the development of yourself as a human being. Your family and friends and your time at Princeton have given you a good start. What will you do with it? Will you keep learning and thinking hard and critically about the most important questions? Will you become an emotionally stronger person, more generous, more loving, more ethical 13? Will you involve yourself actively 14 and constructively 16 in the world? Many things will happen in your lives, pleasant and not so pleasant, but, paraphrasing 17 a Woodrow Wilson School adage 18 from the time I was here, "Wherever you go, there you are." If you are not happy with yourself, even the loftiest achievements won't bring you much satisfaction.
　　3. The concept of success leads me to consider so-called meritocracies and their implications. We have been taught that meritocratic institutions and societies are fair. Putting aside the reality that no system, including our own, is really entirely 19 meritocratic, meritocracies may be fairer and more efficient than some alternatives. But fair in an absolute sense? Think about it. A meritocracy is a system in which the people who are the luckiest in their health and genetic 20 endowment; luckiest in terms of family support, encouragement, and, probably, income; luckiest in their educational and career opportunities; and luckiest in so many other ways difficult to enumerate--these are the folks who reap the largest rewards. The only way for even a putative 21 meritocracy to hope to pass ethical muster 22, to be considered fair, is if those who are the luckiest in all of those respects also have the greatest responsibility to work hard, to contribute to the betterment of the world, and to share their luck with others. As the Gospel of Luke says (and I am sure my rabbi will forgive me for quoting the New Testament 23 in a good cause): "From everyone to whom much has been given, much will be required; and from the one to whom much has been entrusted 24, even more will be demanded" (Luke 12:48, New Revised Standard Version Bible). Kind of grading on the curve, you might say.
　　4. Who is worthy 25 of admiration 26? The admonition from Luke--which is shared by most ethical and philosophical 27 traditions, by the way--helps with this question as well. Those most worthy of admiration are those who have made the best use of their advantages or, alternatively, coped most courageously 28 with their adversities. I think most of us would agree that people who have, say, little formal schooling 29 but labor 30 honestly and diligently 31 to help feed, clothe, and educate their families are deserving of greater respect--and help, if necessary--than many people who are superficially more successful. They're more fun to have a beer with, too. That's all that I know about sociology.
　　5. Since I have covered what I know about sociology, I might as well say something about political science as well. In regard to politics, I have always liked Lily Tomlin's line, in paraphrase 32: "I try to be cynical 33, but I just can't keep up." We all feel that way sometime. Actually, having been in Washington now for almost 11 years, as I mentioned, I feel that way quite a bit. Ultimately, though, cynicism is a poor substitute for critical thought and constructive 15 action. Sure, interests and money and ideology 34 all matter, as you learned in political science. But my experience is that most of our politicians and policymakers are trying to do the right thing, according to their own views and consciences, most of the time. If you think that the bad or indifferent results that too often come out of Washington are due to base motives 35 and bad intentions, you are giving politicians and policymakers way too much credit for being effective. Honest error in the face of complex and possibly intractable problems is a far more important source of bad results than are bad motives. For these reasons, the greatest forces in Washington are ideas, and people prepared to act on those ideas. Public service isn't easy. But, in the end, if you are inclined in that direction, it is a worthy and challenging pursuit.
　　6. Having taken a stab at sociology and political science, let me wrap up economics while I'm at it. Economics is a highly sophisticated field of thought that is superb at explaining to policymakers precisely 36 why the choices they made in the past were wrong. About the future, not so much. However, careful economic analysis does have one important benefit, which is that it can help kill ideas that are completely logically inconsistent or wildly at variance 37 with the data. This insight covers at least 90 percent of proposed economic policies.
　　7. I'm not going to tell you that money doesn't matter, because you wouldn't believe me anyway. In fact, for too many people around the world, money is literally 38 a life-or-death proposition. But if you are part of the lucky minority with the ability to choose, remember that money is a means, not an end. A career decision based only on money and not on love of the work or a desire to make a difference is a recipe for unhappiness.
　　8. Nobody likes to fail but failure is an essential part of life and of learning. If your uniform isn't dirty, you haven't been in the game.
　　9. I spoke 39 earlier about definitions of personal success in an unpredictable world. I hope that as you develop your own definition of success, you will be able to do so, if you wish, with a close companion on your journey. In making that choice, remember that physical beauty is evolution's way of assuring us that the other person doesn't have too many intestinal 40 parasites 41. Don't get me wrong, I am all for beauty, romance, and sexual attraction--where would Hollywood and Madison Avenue be without them? But while important, those are not the only things to look for in a partner. The two of you will have a long trip together, I hope, and you will need each other's support and sympathy more times than you can count. Speaking as somebody who has been happily married for 35 years, I can't imagine any choice more consequential 42 for a lifelong journey than the choice of a traveling companion.
　　10. Call your mom and dad once in a while. A time will come when you will want your own grown-up, busy, hyper-successful children to call you. Also, remember who paid your tuition to Princeton.
　　Those are my suggestions. They're probably worth exactly what you paid for them. But they come from someone who shares your affection for this great institution and who wishes you the best for the future.
　　Congratulations, graduates. Give 'em hell.
　　内容大意：
　　重返普林斯顿感觉不错，很难相信，我离开校园赴华盛顿已经11年了。近期我向校方询问了我的教职问题，回信称：“很遗憾，普林斯顿收到很多更有才华的学者的求职信，而教职有限。”
　　我将在稍后献上对毕业生的最美好祝愿，首先我要恭喜在座的家长们。作为父母，我知道这年头供孩子读完大学不容易，数年前，我的一个同事有3个孩子毕业于普林斯顿，尽管他们夫妻都不毕业于此，但我的同事常说，从财政角度讲，这如同每年买辆卡迪拉克，然后让车坠崖。他总会补充说，他会毫不犹豫的选择重新来过。所以，感谢你们的工作，母亲们，父亲们，及家人们。
　　这确实是做毕业典礼演讲的合适场合，我认为，在这一讲台上，每个精神导师都受到过“十诫”的教诲，我没有那样的信心，而且无论无何，觊觎邻居的驴牛已不是目前的问题，所以今年前几分钟我将提出“十个建议”，或称为对这个世界和你们毕业后的生活的十个观察。请注意，这十点与利率毫无关系。我之所以有资格提出这些建议和或观察，除了普林斯顿的善意邀请外，理由和你们讨厌的哥哥姐姐可以晚睡是一个道理：我比你们更老。以下内容均经受过生活的考验，但以往表现并不能确保未来的结果。
　　1、阿甘曾讲到人生和巧克力的相似性，你不知道下一块巧克力的味道。人生确实难以预料，任何一个认为知道其10年后情况的毕业生，更不同说三十年了，我只能说他或她缺乏想象力。看看我吧，12年前我一心教经济学入门课程，想着编造什么理由不参加教学会议，结果我接到了那个电话。有过你有机会与毕业25年、30年或40年的校友交谈，并使他们敞开心扉，他们将告诉你，他们对生活中哪些事满意或不满意，他们经历过的高潮和低谷。但我敢打赌，他们的人生故事将与预期相异。这是好事而不是坏事，谁想在故事的开篇就知道结局呢?
　　2、 是否人生偶然性之大的事实，意味着小的决定和行动无足轻重，不需要规划和奋斗呢?当然不是。无论未来人生如何，她将是一个宏大和漫长的项目，是你作为个人 的发展过程。你的家人、朋友和你在普林斯顿的时光已经为你造就了良好的开端，未来你会如何?你会不断学习、竭力思索、对至关重要的问题持批判态度吗?你会 成为情感上更强大、更大度、更有爱心、更道德的人吗?你会更积极的、更建设性的参与世事吗?你的人生会有很多故事，快乐的，及不太快乐的，如果你不为自己 感到快乐，就连最伟大的成就业也不会让你感到满足。
　　3、 成功的概念促使我考虑所谓的精英主义及其含义。精英是在健康和基因上最幸运的人，他们在家庭支持、鼓励上，或在收入上也是最幸运的，他们在教育和职业机遇 上最幸运，他们在很多方面都最幸运，一般人难以复制。一个精英体制是否公平，要看这些精英是否有义务努力工作、致力于建设更好的世界，并与他人分享幸运。
　　4、谁值得尊重?是那些充分利用其优势，或勇敢面对逆境的人。我想我们会认同，那些虽然接受的正式教育不多，但诚实劳动、勤勉的为家人提供衣食和教育的人，相比更多表面上很成功的人，更值得尊重，和他们喝两杯是更有趣的事情。
　　5、 提到政治，愤世嫉俗是批判性思考和建设性行动的更糟糕的替代品。当然，利益、金钱和意识形态都有影响力，如你在政治课上所学。但我的感受是大部分政界人士 都在寻求做正确的事情，大部分时候，这由他们的观点和意识决定。在复杂及难于处理的问题上所犯的诚实错误，更是糟糕结果的主要原因，而非不良动机。因此， 华盛顿最有影响的力量是观念和想法，人们基于这些观念去行动。公共服务并不轻松，如果你选择了这一道路，那是值得的，并颇具挑战性。
　　6、经济学是颇具诡辩性的思维领域，她在解释决策者以往所犯错误方面显得很崇高，但在预测未来时，则不仅如此。然而，谨慎的经济分析确有重要益处，她能去除那些不合逻辑或与数据不符的想法，这对90%的经济政策建议有影响。
　　7、我不会告诉你们金钱无用，反正你们也不会听的。事实上，对全球很多人来说，金钱能够决定生存还是死亡。但如果你属于那些幸运得有能力进行抉择的少数人，请记住，金钱只是途径，而非最终目标。职业选择基于收入、而非热爱，或做出贡献的热情，是日后苦恼的根源。
　　8、没有人希望失败，但失败是生活和学习的一部分。如果你衣衫整齐，你并没有进入比赛。
　　9、 我希望你们能够发展自身对成功的定义，在这一过程中，你们能够选择一位亲密的伴侣。在做出选择时，要记住外表美只是人类演变的一种方式，它使我们确信对方 没有肠道寄生虫。不要误解我，我也为美丽、浪漫和性所吸引，不然美国影视业和广告业怎么生存下去呢?但尽管重要，这些不是寻找人生伴侣时唯一需要考虑的事 情。你们将共同走过人生旅程，需要对方的支持和关爱。作为已婚35年的人士，我想象不到比选择人生伴侣更重要的事情。
　　10、时不时的给父母去个电话。早晚有一天，你希望自己长大成人的、工作繁忙的、超级成功的孩子给你来个电话，再者，请记着谁供养你上的大学。
　　最后，毕业生们，给他们点颜色看看。




点击收听单词发音  






1
qualified

  
 


adj.合格的，有资格的，胜任的，有限制的


参考例句：





He is qualified as a complete man of letters.他有资格当真正的文学家。
We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。












2
applicants

  
 


申请人，求职人( applicant的名词复数 )


参考例句：





There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。












3
faculty

  
 


n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员


参考例句：





He has a great faculty for learning foreign languages.他有学习外语的天赋。
He has the faculty of saying the right thing at the right time.他有在恰当的时候说恰当的话的才智。












4
spouse

  
 


n.配偶(指夫或妻)


参考例句：





Her spouse will come to see her on Sunday.她的丈夫星期天要来看她。
What is the best way to keep your spouse happy in the marriage?在婚姻中保持配偶幸福的最好方法是什么？












5
accomplishment

  
 


n.完成，成就，（pl.）造诣，技能


参考例句：





The series of paintings is quite an accomplishment.这一系列的绘画真是了不起的成就。
Money will be crucial to the accomplishment of our objectives.要实现我们的目标，钱是至关重要的。












6
distinguished

  
 


adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的


参考例句：





Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.大象以其长长的鼻子显示出与其他动物的不同。
A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests.宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。












7
ruminated

  
 


v.沉思( ruminate的过去式和过去分词 )；反复考虑；反刍；倒嚼


参考例句：





In the article she ruminated about what recreations she would have. 她在文章里认真考虑了她应做些什么消遣活动。 来自辞典例句
He ruminated on his defenses before he should accost her father. 他在与她父亲搭话前，仔细地考虑着他的防范措施。 来自辞典例句












8
coveting

  
 


v.贪求，觊觎( covet的现在分词 )


参考例句：





We begin by coveting what we see every day. 垂涎的开始是我们每天看见的东西。 来自互联网
We coveting what we see every day. 之所以如此，是因为我们垂涎每日所见的一些东西。 来自互联网












9
whatsoever

  
 


adv.（用于否定句中以加强语气）任何；pron.无论什么


参考例句：





There's no reason whatsoever to turn down this suggestion.没有任何理由拒绝这个建议。
All things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you,do ye even so to them.你想别人对你怎样，你就怎样对人。












10
kindly

  
 


adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地


参考例句：





Her neighbours spoke of her as kindly and hospitable.她的邻居都说她和蔼可亲、热情好客。
A shadow passed over the kindly face of the old woman.一道阴影掠过老太太慈祥的面孔。












11
obnoxious

  
 


adj.极恼人的，讨人厌的，可憎的


参考例句：





These fires produce really obnoxious fumes and smoke.这些火炉冒出来的烟气确实很难闻。
He is the most obnoxious man I know.他是我认识的最可憎的人。












12
skeptical

  
 


adj.怀疑的，多疑的


参考例句：





Others here are more skeptical about the chances for justice being done.这里的其他人更为怀疑正义能否得到伸张。
Her look was skeptical and resigned.她的表情是将信将疑而又无可奈何。












13
ethical

  
 


adj.伦理的，道德的，合乎道德的


参考例句：





It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ethical concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
It was a debate which aroused fervent ethical arguments.那是一场引发强烈的伦理道德争论的辩论。












14
actively

  
 


adv.积极地，勤奋地


参考例句：





During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。












15
constructive

  
 


adj.建设的，建设性的


参考例句：





We welcome constructive criticism.我们乐意接受有建设性的批评。
He is beginning to deal with his anger in a constructive way.他开始用建设性的方法处理自己的怒气。












16
constructively

  
 


ad.有益的，积极的


参考例句：





Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom. 如此富有意义地利用业余时间来进行收藏，会使人怡然自得，无暇烦恼。
The HKSAR will continue to participate constructively in these activities. 香港会继续积极参与这些活动。












17
paraphrasing

  
 


v.释义，意译( paraphrase的现在分词 )


参考例句：





I'm paraphrasing but this is honestly what he said. 我是在转述，但这的确是他说的意思。 来自柯林斯例句













18
adage

  
 


n.格言，古训


参考例句：





But the old adage that men grow into office has not proved true in my experience.但是，根据我的经验，人们所谓的工作岗位造就人材这句古话并不正确。
Her experience lends credence to the adage " We live and learn!"她的经验印证了一句格言: 活到老，学到老！












19
entirely

  
 


ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地


参考例句：





The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。












20
genetic

  
 


adj.遗传的，遗传学的


参考例句：





It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。












21
putative

  
 


adj.假定的


参考例句：





There have been many attempts to track down the putative Loch Ness monster.人们为追踪假定存在的尼斯湖水怪做了许多努力。
He is the putative father of this child.他是这孩子的推定的父亲。












22
muster

  
 


v.集合，收集，鼓起，激起；n.集合，检阅，集合人员，点名册


参考例句：





Go and muster all the men you can find.去集合所有你能找到的人。
I had to muster my courage up to ask him that question.我必须鼓起勇气向他问那个问题。












23
testament

  
 


n.遗嘱；证明


参考例句：





This is his last will and testament.这是他的遗愿和遗嘱。
It is a testament to the power of political mythology.这说明，编造政治神话可以产生多大的威力。












24
entrusted

  
 


v.委托，托付( entrust的过去式和过去分词 )


参考例句：





He entrusted the task to his nephew. 他把这任务托付给了他的侄儿。
She was entrusted with the direction of the project. 她受委托负责这项计划。 来自《简明英汉词典》












25
worthy

  
 


adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的


参考例句：





I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned.没有值得一提的事发生。












26
admiration

  
 


n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕


参考例句：





He was lost in admiration of the beauty of the scene.他对风景之美赞不绝口。
We have a great admiration for the gold medalists.我们对金牌获得者极为敬佩。












27
philosophical

  
 


adj.哲学家的，哲学上的，达观的


参考例句：





The teacher couldn't answer the philosophical problem.老师不能解答这个哲学问题。
She is very philosophical about her bad luck.她对自己的不幸看得很开。












28
courageously

  
 


ad.勇敢地，无畏地


参考例句：





Under the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the army and civilians in flooded areas fought the floods courageously, reducing the losses to the minimum. 在中共中央、国务院的正确领导下，灾区广大军民奋勇抗洪，把灾害的损失减少到了最低限度。
He fought death courageously though his life was draining away. 他虽然生命垂危，但仍然勇敢地与死亡作斗争。












29
schooling

  
 


n.教育；正规学校教育


参考例句：





A child's access to schooling varies greatly from area to area.孩子获得学校教育的机会因地区不同而大相径庭。
Backward children need a special kind of schooling.天赋差的孩子需要特殊的教育。












30
labor

  
 


n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦


参考例句：





We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。












31
diligently

  
 


ad.industriously;carefully


参考例句：





He applied himself diligently to learning French. 他孜孜不倦地学法语。
He had studied diligently at college. 他在大学里勤奋学习。












32
paraphrase

  
 


vt.将…释义，改写；n.释义，意义


参考例句：





You may read the prose paraphrase of this poem.你可以看一下这首诗的散文释义。
Paraphrase the following sentences or parts of sentences using your own words.用你自己的话解释下面的句子或句子的一部分。












33
cynical

  
 


adj.(对人性或动机)怀疑的，不信世道向善的


参考例句：





The enormous difficulty makes him cynical about the feasibility of the idea.由于困难很大，他对这个主意是否可行持怀疑态度。
He was cynical that any good could come of democracy.他不相信民主会带来什么好处。












34
ideology

  
 


n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识


参考例句：





The ideology has great influence in the world.这种思想体系在世界上有很大的影响。
The ideal is to strike a medium between ideology and inspiration.我的理想是在意识思想和灵感鼓动之间找到一个折衷。












35
motives

  
 


n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 )


参考例句：





to impeach sb's motives 怀疑某人的动机
His motives are unclear. 他的用意不明。












36
precisely

  
 


adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地


参考例句：





It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。












37
variance

  
 


n.矛盾，不同


参考例句：





The question of woman suffrage sets them at variance. 妇女参政的问题使他们发生争执。
It is unnatural for brothers to be at variance. 兄弟之间不睦是不近人情的。












38
literally

  
 


adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实


参考例句：





He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。












39
spoke

  
 


n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说


参考例句：





They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。












40
intestinal

  
 


adj.肠的；肠壁；肠道细菌


参考例句：





A few other conditions are in high intestinal obstruction. 其它少数情况是高位肠梗阻。 来自辞典例句
This complication has occasionally occurred following the use of intestinal antiseptics. 这种并发症偶而发生在使用肠道抗菌剂上。 来自辞典例句












41
parasites

  
 


寄生物( parasite的名词复数 )； 靠他人为生的人； 诸虫


参考例句：





These symptoms may be referable to virus infection rather than parasites. 这些症状也许是由病毒感染引起的，而与寄生虫无关。
Kangaroos harbor a vast range of parasites. 袋鼠身上有各种各样的寄生虫。












42
consequential

  
 


adj.作为结果的，间接的；重要的


参考例句：





She was injured and suffered a consequential loss of earnings.她受了伤因而收入受损。
This new transformation is at least as consequential as that one was.这一新的转变至少和那次一样重要。