英语视频：AOL创始人北卡罗莱那大学2013年毕业演讲

  史蒂夫-凯斯是全美最大的网络服务商美国在线（AOL）的创始人，下面是史蒂夫-凯斯（Steve Case）在北卡罗莱那大学教堂山分校2013年毕业典礼上的演讲视频及演讲稿，他告诉学生们，要学着做一个进攻者。进攻者往往比较大胆、有创新想法，并 尝试着破坏现状、并引进更好的方式。我们需要跳出盒子想问题，有好奇心，并愿意承担风险。

　　University of North Carolina Commencement Address
　　Delivered by Steve Case
　　May 12, 2013
　　Steve Case 2013
　　Good morning!
　　It’s great to be back in Chapel 1 Hill!
　　I’ve had the honor of visiting the area a half dozen times over the past couple years, joining President Obama and his Jobs Council to outline public policy initiatives, and meeting on multiple occasions with inspiring, young entrepreneurs in the Research Triangle. 
　　And more importantly, I’ve had the opportunity to spend time on the amazing UNC campus – guest lecturing at Chancellor 2 Thorp’s Econ 125 class on entrepreneurship, and taking in a game at the Dean Dome 3.
　　I started many of my mornings in Chapel Hill the way I suspect some of you do: by going through the drive through at Sunrise Biscuit Kitchen. Those biscuits may not be the healthiest way to start the day, but they sure are tasty!
　　Before I begin, I want to say a word of thanks to my friend Holden Thorp. After spending most of his career at UNC, and living most of his life here in North Carolina, Chancellor Thorp is, as you know, moving on to a new adventure.
　　So please join me in giving a Tar 4 Heel cheer to the chancellor for his outstanding service to your university and to our country. 
　　And before we start the cheer, I want you to know that duke is also having their commencement this morning… so let’s be loud, and make sure they hear us in Durham.
　　Ready?
　　(Tar Heel! / Tar Heel! / Tar Heel!)
　　It is an honor to be with you. I’d like to congratulate each of you on this exciting day – and also congratulate your parents and all those who have sacrificed to help get you to this point. They are no doubt proud this morning to be celebrating your achievement.
　　Frankly 5, graduation day can be tough for parents. More than you might imagine, it is a time of transition and change for them as well. They woke up this morning as your parents – but they’ll go to bed tonight more as your peers.
　　And I suspect today may also be a little bittersweet for some of you.
　　You’re delighted to have completed the requirements to graduate, proud to be receiving your degrees, and excited to be embarking 6 on the next chapter in your lives.
　　But at the same time, you may be a little nervous. You have your diploma, but you aren’t quite sure what the future holds.
　　A half century ago, most graduates committed to a job and a career path, and stayed on that track for their whole lives.
　　Things are different today. Most of you will not only have multiple jobs – you likely will have multiple careers.
　　So the key is to keep learning. Be curious. Be open. Be flexible. Let your life unfold as a series of chapters. Don’t be so fixated on a specific ending that you neglect to open the door when opportunity knocks.
　　But no matter what you end up doing, no matter what path you choose to follow, there are a few things that i hope you’ll remember when you walk out of Kenan Stadium today.
　　Specifically, 3 things – just 3 - what i like to call the 3 Ps. They are: People, Passion and Perseverance 7.
　　I have found they are the keys to success in whatever you choose to do. So I wanted to share them with you this morning.
　　The first of the P’s is people.
　　No matter what you do in life, your ability to succeed will be largely dependent on your ability to work with people. Indeed, it has often been said that what you do is less important than who you do it with – that the people you surround yourself with, whether a spouse 8, or friends, or co-workers, will ultimately be the principal determinant of the course your life will take.
　　So don’t just focus on the job descriptions, or the brand name of the organization you’re going to join – also focus on who you’ll be working for, and with.
　　You’ll soon learn that no matter how bright you might be, or how hard you’re willing to work, your ultimate success or failure will largely be determined 9 by how you galvanize others to work with and for you.
　　There’s an old African proverb that I love. It says if you want to go quickly, go alone. But if you want to go far, you must go together. 
　　There’s a lot of wisdom in that. It may seem easier to go alone – just do it yourself – but you will maximize your impact if you go together – taking the time to assemble the right team and build the right relationships so you can go as far as possible.
　　So the first principle to focus on is people – and I’d urge you to check in with yourself from time to time in the years ahead, to be sure the people you’re surrounding yourself with can in fact lift you to achieve more then you could on your own.

The second P is passion.
　　There are a lot of things each of us is interested in, but few things that we are really passionate 10 about.
　　I’d urge you to focus on the things that you are passionate about – that you get excited thinking about and talking about – as those are the opportunities you should organize your life around.
　　Frankly, I got lucky. I became passionate about the Internet more than 30 years ago, when i was a senior at Williams college in Massachusetts. I read a book by a futurist, Alvin Toffler, called the third wave, that talked about the idea of the Internet. 
　　At the time, nobody was online – indeed, the personal computer had not yet been popularized, and the World Wide Web was more than a decade away from being created.
　　But there was something in the idea of a digital revolution that really captivated me.
　　After graduating from college, I ended up in entry level jobs at a couple of companies. I even had a stint 11 getting paid to invent new pizzas for pizza hut. 
　　But all the while I was obsessing 12 about what Alvin Toffler had called the electronic cottage, trying to figure out when and how I could make a move to be part of what i saw as a coming revolution.
　　That search led me to move to Virginia in 1983. I joined a small startup company about to release a product called Gameline.
　　Gameline was a game cartridge 13 that included a telecommunications modem 14, and when you plugged it in, you could download games and other services.
　　When Gameline was announced, everybody thought it would be a huge success. But it failed. 
　　Shortly after I arrived, one of the board members looked at the terrible sales figures and said: geez, you would have thought they would have shoplifted more than that!
　　The failure of Gameline taught me the importance of the third P, perseverance.
　　As Gameline struggled, most people – including my parents – suggested I put aside my entrepreneurial impulses and passion and get back onto a more normal career path.
　　But I stuck with it, as I believed that someday, somehow, the internet would change the world.
　　I decided 15 to start the company that became AOL in 1985, when I was 26 years old. At the time, only 3% of people were online, and they were only online an hour a week.
　　AOL had lots of ups and downs in our first few years. It was slow going, and as a result we went through several painful layoffs 16 in those early days. 
　　When we went public in 1992 – we were actually the first Internet company to ever go public – we had less than 200,000 customers, after nearly a decade of being in business.
　　But we kept at it, interest in the Internet exploded, and by the year 2000 we were the leading internet company -- and one of the most valuable businesses in the world, with nearly 10,000 employees.
　　As I look back on AOL’s rise, I attribute much of its success to the 3 P’s: People, Passion, and Perseverance.
　　The people at AOL in those early days were phenomenal – excited to be pioneering a new medium, eager to come to work and work endless hours, and delighted to be part of a team that was hell-bent on changing the world.
　　The passion we all brought to bear was incredible, and infectious. Even though most people thought we were crazy and believed consumers would never use the Internet, we plowed 17 ahead, constantly evangelizing the endless possibilities of email, ecommerce, instant messaging, and other services.
　　And it was perseverance that saw us through those difficult days – the times when our hopes were dimmed by external events – when the naysayers around us – including often our friends and families – were urging us to give it up, and pursue a safer career path.
　　But our band of brothers and sisters believed – in each other, in the possibilities of the Internet, and in our ability to break through any impediment that stood in our way.
　　Since leaving AOL more than a decade ago, I’ve had the opportunity to invest in and help build more than a dozen new companies. 
　　The same 3 P's have helped guide our efforts with a diverse mix of startups ranging from Zipcar to Living Social.
　　And the principles have also applied 18 to our non-profit work through the Case Foundation, where we also invest in people and ideas that can change the world.
　　As I see it, the last 25 years witnessed the completion of the first Internet revolution – which was about getting people and businesses online.
　　Now we’re about to usher 19 in the second Internet revolution. 
　　Before, we were focused on the basics: evangelizing the benefits of the Internet, and getting people connected.
　　Now that we’re all connected, almost all the time, our focus can shift. 
　　And the second Internet revolution is going to be about using the Internet to improve the way we deliver education, provide health care, manage energy, transform transportation, improve government services, and reinvent manufacturing.
　　This second Internet revolution will be even more important than the first, as it will improve our lives, and power our economy.
　　But there’s one thing I know for sure: the leaders in each of these sectors 20 will be focused on protecting the status quo. 
　　I’ve learned over the years that the world is divided into attackers, and defenders 21. 
　　The attackers are the people with bold, innovative 22 ideas, who are trying to disrupt the status quo, and usher in a better way. 
　　The defenders are the incumbents 23 that try to defend what they have, and maintain the status quo.
　　We need to bring an attacker mindset to whatever we choose to do. We need to think out of the box, and be curious, be innovative and be willing to take risks. 
　　It won’t be easy. As Thomas Edison once said, “vision without execution is hallucination.” The vision – the idea – is one thing. What really matters is how we rally together to bring the idea to life. Inspiration matters, but execution matters more.
　　So to help you as you aim to execute on your ideas, I hope you’ll remember those key attributes – the 3 P’s – and constantly reassess your own lives – and your own choices – to be sure you’re working with and for the best possible team of people, you’re rabidly passionate about whatever path you choose, and you have the perseverance to stick with it through the tough times, so you can be there when things finally break through.
　　And to be clear, as graduates of one of the nation’s finest schools, you have the chance to make an impact that extends beyond just succeeding in your own careers.

You have an opportunity to give back to the country that made it all possible.
　　So I want to spend my last few minutes talking about where we’ve come from, where we’re going, and how you can help us get there.
　　The United States is envied around the world as the most powerful nation on earth.
　　This didn’t happen by accident.
　　It was the work of pioneers who took great risks in the face of adversity.
　　But the story of America is not just about the patriots 24 who built the country, it’s also about the entrepreneurs who built the economy.
　　Through grit 25, hard work, and creativity, entrepreneurs built not just companies, but entire new industries. 
　　The success of those industries – first in the agricultural revolution, then in the industrial revolution, and more recently in the information revolution, led to the development of new cities, that started flourishing. 
　　And it led to the creation of the most vibrant 26, innovative, and entrepreneurial culture in the world.
　　And America’s momentum 27 continues. In the last three decades alone, new startup companies created 40 million jobs – nearly all the net jobs created during that period.
　　But here’s my key message to you, the class of 2013: as a nation, we can’t rest on our laurels 28. Other countries now realize that entrepreneurship is the secret sauce that has powered our economy, and they are working hard to replicate 29 it. We need to double down on entrepreneurship if we are going to maintain our lead. 
　　Whether you plan to be an entrepreneur or a teacher, scientist, doctor, writer, elected official, non-profit leader, or anything else – it is important to remember that strong communities are sustained by strong economies, and strong economies require a constant influx 30 of startup businesses. 
　　Good schools, dependable hospitals, and safe neighborhoods are supported by successful companies.
　　To make the point, let’s look at Detroit. 
　　Fifty years ago, Detroit was Silicon 31 Valley. It was the most vibrant entrepreneurial hub in the country – arguably in the world – as it was at the epicenter of the transportation revolution.
　　But then Detroit lost its way. Car companies from other parts of the world innovated 33 more rapidly, and American car companies began to lose market share. Their decline then led to the decline of Detroit.
　　Indeed, Detroit has lost more than 50% of its population – 50%! – over the past 50 years. Detroit is now trying to fight its way back - and i was there recently, and believe they can - but it will admittedly be hard.
　　We can’t let the story of Detroit become the story of America. 
　　We need more America regions to instead adopt the research triangle model. 
　　Fifty years ago here in North Carolina there was a recognition that the region was too reliant on agriculture. 
　　To diversify 34 its economy, and to build on the great strengths of UNC and other neighboring universities, the research triangle was created, and many great startups have been formed here. 
　　The economy here is doing a lot better than it would have if the leaders of this community hadn’t been so bold about reinventing itself a half century ago.
　　North Carolina didn’t run from the problem, it ran to the problem, and in so doing created new opportunities. 
　　The lesson of Detroit – and of the research triangle – is clear: our communities rise and fall based on how innovative they can be.
　　And that’s true not just for cities, but also for countries. 
　　That’s why all of us who care about this country need to redouble our efforts to ensure we remain the startup nation, creating new companies and industries that can be the envy of the world.
　　We can’t get complacent 35. 
　　We need to stay on offense 36.
　　We need to stay on the attack.
　　And, coming from Washington DC, I have some news to share that you might find surprising.
　　Everybody talks about how broken Washington is, and how nothing gets done. 
　　Well, I’m pleased to report that a year ago Democrats 37 and Republicans came together and passed a pro-entrepreneurship bill called the JOBS act, to help startups create jobs, grow, and innovate 32.
　　Now, as we speak, congress is debating immigration reform. It is critical that they come together again, and pass bipartisan legislation that will enable the United States to win the global battle for talent, so we can remain the world’s most entrepreneurial nation. 
　　And I know this is personal for many of you graduating today. Many of you are from other countries. We want to encourage you to stay, and make it easy for you to stay, so you can help drive our economy forward.
　　We know that’s what many of you want to do, and we also know that’s what we as a country need to do.
　　The fact of the matter is more than 40% of fortune 500 companies in the U.S. were started by immigrants or their children.
　　Just recently, an immigrant from turkey, Hamdi Ulukaya, launched a yogurt startup in upstate New York. Today, Chobani yogurt generates $1 billion in sales, has hired 1,500 American workers, and is expanding operations across the country.
　　From us steel to Google to Chobani, the successes of immigrant innovators in America shows that fixing our immigration system is not just a problem we need to solve, it is an opportunity we need to seize. By doing so, we can help unleash 38 a new, golden era of American entrepreneurship.
　　And it’s worth reminding ourselves that the united states was itself a startup just a couple hundred years ago.
　　Back then, America was just an idea. That idea – powered by people, passion and perseverance – led us to forge a strong and stable democracy, and to build the largest and most innovative economy in the world.
　　Our journey as a nation is not over. Our best days lie ahead. The baton 39 is now being passed to a new generation – to you.
　　We are counting on all of you - the class of 2013 - to help move us forward, and help us write the next chapter in the story of our startup nation. 
　　Thank you for inviting 40 me to speak today. 
　　It has been an honor, and a pleasure. 
　　And as I close, I’d like to ask all of you to stand up!
　　Yes – all of you – I need you to stand up!
　　Given that I spent most of my life trying to get people to use the Internet, it’s only fitting that I end by sharing this important event on Twitter. 
　　So I’m going to take a photo of you all … and then tweet it out to the world, using the hashtag #UNC!
　　Ready? Everybody wave!! You’re looking good. Thanks!
　　And now I’m tweeting it out – and I want you all to retweet it – so we get hashtag #UNC trending globally…
　　That way we can let our friends down the street at duke know that UNC is taking over the world!
　　Thank you all – and congratulations. Give yourself a hand – and your parents a hand – and today, in particular, your mothers – a hand!
　　And best of luck as you open the next chapter in your lives!






点击收听单词发音  






1
chapel

  
 


n.小教堂，殡仪馆


参考例句：





The nimble hero,skipped into a chapel that stood near.敏捷的英雄跳进近旁的一座小教堂里。
She was on the peak that Sunday afternoon when she played in chapel.那个星期天的下午，她在小教堂的演出，可以说是登峰造极。












2
chancellor

  
 


n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长


参考例句：





They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。












3
dome

  
 


n.圆屋顶，拱顶


参考例句：





The dome was supported by white marble columns.圆顶由白色大理石柱支撑着。
They formed the dome with the tree's branches.他们用树枝搭成圆屋顶。












4
tar

  
 


n.柏油，焦油；vt.涂或浇柏油/焦油于


参考例句：





The roof was covered with tar.屋顶涂抹了一层沥青。
We use tar to make roads.我们用沥青铺路。












5
frankly

  
 


adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说


参考例句：





To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说，我一点也不赞成这个主意。
Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说，我不反对改革。












6
embarking

  
 


乘船( embark的现在分词 )； 装载； 从事


参考例句：





He's embarking on a new career as a writer. 他即将开始新的职业生涯——当一名作家。
The campaign on which were embarking was backed up by such intricate and detailed maintenance arrangemets. 我们实施的战争，须要如此复杂及详细的维护准备。












7
perseverance

  
 


n.坚持不懈，不屈不挠


参考例句：





It may take some perseverance to find the right people.要找到合适的人也许需要有点锲而不舍的精神。
Perseverance leads to success.有恒心就能胜利。












8
spouse

  
 


n.配偶(指夫或妻)


参考例句：





Her spouse will come to see her on Sunday.她的丈夫星期天要来看她。
What is the best way to keep your spouse happy in the marriage?在婚姻中保持配偶幸福的最好方法是什么？












9
determined

  
 


adj.坚定的；有决心的


参考例句：





I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。












10
passionate

  
 


adj.热情的，热烈的，激昂的，易动情的，易怒的，性情暴躁的


参考例句：





He is said to be the most passionate man.据说他是最有激情的人。
He is very passionate about the project.他对那个项目非常热心。












11
stint

  
 


v.节省，限制，停止；n.舍不得化，节约，限制；连续不断的一段时间从事某件事


参考例句：





He lavished money on his children without stint.他在孩子们身上花钱毫不吝惜。
We hope that you will not stint your criticism.我们希望您不吝指教。












12
obsessing

  
 


v.时刻困扰( obsess的现在分词 )；缠住；使痴迷；使迷恋


参考例句：





Why is everyone obsessing over system specs right now? 为啥现在人人都对系统配置情有独钟？ 来自互联网
A nitpicker, obsessing over dimes, is too stiff to place orders. 一个连一毛钱都舍不得亏的人，因太过拘谨而不能下单。 来自互联网












13
cartridge

  
 


n.弹壳，弹药筒；(装磁带等的)盒子


参考例句：





Unfortunately the 2G cartridge design is very difficult to set accurately.不幸地2G弹药筒设计非常难正确地设定。
This rifle only holds one cartridge.这支来复枪只能装一发子弹。












14
modem

  
 


n.调制解调器


参考例句：





Does your computer have a modem?你的电脑有调制解调器吗？
Provides a connection to your computer via a modem.通过调制解调器连接到计算机上。












15
decided

  
 


adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的


参考例句：





This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。












16
layoffs

  
 


临时解雇( layoff的名词复数 )； 停工，停止活动


参考例句：





Textile companies announced 2000 fresh layoffs last week. 各纺织公司上周宣布再次裁员两千人。
Stock prices broke when the firm suddenly announced layoffs. 当公司突然宣布裁员时，股票价格便大跌












17
plowed

  
 


v.耕( plow的过去式和过去分词 )；犁耕；费力穿过


参考例句：





They plowed nearly 100,000 acres of virgin moorland. 他们犁了将近10万英亩未开垦的高沼地。 来自辞典例句
He plowed the land and then sowed the seeds. 他先翻土，然后播种。 来自辞典例句












18
applied

  
 


adj.应用的；v.应用，适用


参考例句：





She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。












19
usher

  
 


n.带位员，招待员；vt.引导，护送；vi.做招待，担任引座员


参考例句：





The usher seated us in the front row.引座员让我们在前排就座。
They were quickly ushered away.他们被迅速领开。












20
sectors

  
 


n.部门( sector的名词复数 )；领域；防御地区；扇形


参考例句：





Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》












21
defenders

  
 


n.防御者( defender的名词复数 )；守卫者；保护者；辩护者


参考例句：





The defenders were outnumbered and had to give in. 抵抗者寡不敌众，只能投降。 来自《简明英汉词典》
After hard fighting,the defenders were still masters of the city. 守军经过奋战仍然控制着城市。 来自《简明英汉词典》












22
innovative

  
 


adj.革新的，新颖的，富有革新精神的


参考例句：





Discover an innovative way of marketing.发现一个创新的营销方式。
He was one of the most creative and innovative engineers of his generation.他是他那代人当中最富创造性与革新精神的工程师之一。












23
incumbents

  
 


教区牧师( incumbent的名词复数 )； 教会中的任职者


参考例句：





In general, incumbents have a 94 percent chance of being reelected. 通常现任官员有94%的几率会再次当选。
This arangement yields a wonderful gain to incumbents. 这种安排为在职人员提供了意外的得益。












24
patriots

  
 


爱国者，爱国主义者( patriot的名词复数 )


参考例句：





Abraham Lincoln was a fine type of the American patriots. 亚伯拉罕·林肯是美国爱国者的优秀典型。
These patriots would fight to death before they surrendered. 这些爱国者宁愿战斗到死，也不愿投降。












25
grit

  
 


n.沙粒，决心，勇气；v.下定决心，咬紧牙关


参考例句：





The soldiers showed that they had plenty of grit. 士兵们表现得很有勇气。
I've got some grit in my shoe.我的鞋子里弄进了一些砂子。












26
vibrant

  
 


adj.震颤的，响亮的，充满活力的，精力充沛的，(色彩)鲜明的


参考例句：





He always uses vibrant colours in his paintings. 他在画中总是使用鲜明的色彩。
She gave a vibrant performance in the leading role in the school play.她在学校表演中生气盎然地扮演了主角。












27
momentum

  
 


n.动力，冲力，势头；动量


参考例句：





We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。












28
laurels

  
 


n.桂冠，荣誉


参考例句：





The path was lined with laurels.小路两旁都种有月桂树。
He reaped the laurels in the finals.他在决赛中荣膺冠军。












29
replicate

  
 


v.折叠，复制，模写；n.同样的样品；adj.转折的


参考例句：





The DNA of chromatin must replicate before cell division.染色质DNA在细胞分裂之前必须复制。
It is also easy to replicate,as the next subsection explains.就像下一个小节详细说明的那样，它还可以被轻易的复制。












30
influx

  
 


n.流入，注入


参考例句：





The country simply cannot absorb this influx of refugees.这个国家实在不能接纳这么多涌入的难民。
Textile workers favoured protection because they feared an influx of cheap cloth.纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施，因为他们担心涌入廉价纺织品。












31
silicon

  
 


n.硅(旧名矽)


参考例句：





This company pioneered the use of silicon chip.这家公司开创了使用硅片的方法。
A chip is a piece of silicon about the size of a postage stamp.芯片就是一枚邮票大小的硅片。












32
innovate

  
 


v.革新，变革，创始


参考例句：





We must innovate in order to make progress.我们必须改革以便取得进步。
It is necessary to innovate and develop military theories.创新和发展军事理论是必要的。












33
innovated

  
 


v.改革，创新( innovate的过去式和过去分词 )；引入（新事物、思想或方法），


参考例句：





He innovated a plan for increased efficiency. 他引进提高效率的（新）方案。 来自辞典例句
We are using innovated metal detector which is imported from the U.K. 本工厂有先进的生产设备，拥有从英国进口的金属探测机。 来自互联网












34
diversify

  
 


v.（使）不同，（使）变得多样化


参考例句：





Our company is trying to diversify.我们公司正力图往多样化方面发展。
Hills and woods diversify the landscape.山陵和树木点缀景色。












35
complacent

  
 


adj.自满的；自鸣得意的


参考例句：





We must not become complacent the moment we have some success.我们决不能一见成绩就自满起来。
She was complacent about her achievements.她对自己的成绩沾沾自喜。












36
offense

  
 


n.犯规，违法行为；冒犯，得罪


参考例句：





I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪。
His words gave great offense to everybody present.他的发言冲犯了在场的所有人。












37
democrats

  
 


n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )


参考例句：





The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》












38
unleash

  
 


vt.发泄，发出；解带子放开


参考例句：





They hope to create allies to unleash against diseases,pests,and invasive species.他们希望创造出一些新群体来对付疾病、害虫和一些有侵害性的物种。
Changing water levels now at times unleash a miasma of disease from exposed sewage.如今，大坝不时地改变水位，从暴露的污水释放出了疾病瘴气。












39
baton

  
 


n.乐队用指挥杖


参考例句：





With the baton the conductor was beating time.乐队指挥用指挥棒打拍子。
The conductor waved his baton,and the band started up.指挥挥动指挥棒，乐队开始演奏起来。












40
inviting

  
 


adj.诱人的，引人注目的


参考例句：





An inviting smell of coffee wafted into the room.一股诱人的咖啡香味飘进了房间。
The kitchen smelled warm and inviting and blessedly familiar.这间厨房的味道温暖诱人，使人感到亲切温馨。