APOLLO THIRTEEN

32 阿波罗登月计划(二)

DATE=4-18-01
TITLE=EXPLORATIONS #1948 - PROJECT APOLLO (PART TWO): APOLLO THIRTEEN BYLINE=MARILYN RICE CHRISTIANO

     ANNCR:
     Explorations --- a program in special English by the Voice of America.     (Theme)
     ANNCR:
     American （1） astronauts in Apollo eleven landed on the moon July twentieth, nineteen- sixty- nine. A second landing 1 was made four months later. Both （2） flights were almost perfect. Everything worked as planned. Everyone expected the third moon-landing flight, Apollo thirteen, would go as well as the first two. But it did not.
     Today, Shirley Griffith and Sarah long tell you the story of Apollo thirteen --- the flight that almost did not come home.
     (Theme)
     Voice one:
     Apollo thirteen (3) roared 2 into space on Thursday, April eleventh, nineteen- seventy. The time was thirteen-thirteen, one-thirteen p.m. local time.
     Navy 3 captain James Lovell was （4） commander of Apollo thirteen. He had flown on Apollo eight, the first flight to （5）orbit 4 the moon.
     The two other crewmembers were （6）civilians -- John Swigert and Fred Haise. Apollo thirteen was their first space flight.
     Voice two:
     The apollo thirteen spacecraft was like the earlier Apollo's. It had three major parts. One was the command （7）module 5. The astronauts would ride to the moon in the command module and then ride back to earth in it. It was the only part of the spacecraft that could survive the fiery 6 return through the earth's atmosphere.
     The （8） lunar module was the second part. It would carry two of the astronauts to the moon's surface. It would later launch 7 them from the moon to rejoin the command module.
     The third part of the apollo （9）spacecraft was the service module. It had a rocket engine that the astronauts fired to begin circling the moon. They fired it again to break out of moon orbit for the return flight to earth. The service module carried （10）tanks of （11）oxygen for the flight, and the fuel cells that produced electricity and water the astronauts needed to survive.
     Voice one:
     There was what seemed to be a minor 8 problem during the ground tests before launch. Two large tanks in the service module held （12）liquid oxygen. The oxygen was the fuel that provided 9 water and （13）electricity for the command module. One of the oxygen tanks failed to empty normally 10 during the ground test. Engineers had to boil off the remaining oxygen by turning on a heater in the tank.
     Commander Lovell said later he should have demanded the oxygen tank be replaced. But it seemed to be fixed 11. So no change was made.
Voice two:
     After launch, Apollo thirteen sailed smoothly 12 through space for two days. Controllers on the ground joked that the flight had gone so well they did not have enough to do.
     That changed a few hours later. The first sign of trouble was a tiny burst of light in the western sky over the United States. It looked like a far-away star had （14）exploded.
     Voice one:
    Near the space center in Houston, Texas, some （15）amateur star-watchers were trying to see the Apollo spacecraft through telescopes. One of the groups had fixed a telescope to a television set so that objects seen by the telescope appeared on the television screen.
     The spacecraft was too far away to be seen. But suddenly, a bright spot appeared on the television screen. Over the next ten minutes it grew into a white circle.
     The (16) observers 13 on the ground had no reason to believe the white spot they saw was made by the spacecraft. They thought it was a problem with the television. So they went home to bed.
     Voice two:
     It was not a problem with their television. It was a serious problem with Apollo thirteen.
      It happened a few minutes after the three astronauts completed a television (17) broadcast to earth. The astronauts heard a loud noise. The spacecraft shook. Warning lights came on. (18) Swinger called to (19) mission 14 control; "Houston, we've had a problem here."
    The number two oxygen tanks in the service module had exploded. The liquid oxygen escaped into space. It formed a huge gas ball that expanded rapidly. Sunlight made it glow 15. Within ten minutes, it was almost eighty (20) kilometers across. Then it slowly disappeared. The cloud was the white spot the observers in Houston had seen on their television.
     Voice one:
     The loss of one oxygen tank should not have been a major problem. Apollo had two oxygen tanks. So, if one failed, the other could be used. But the astronauts soon learned 16 that the explosion 17 had caused the other oxygen tank to leak.
     The astronauts were three- hundred- twenty- thousand kilometers from earth with little oxygen, electricity and water. Their situation was (21) extremely serious. No one knew if they could get the spacecraft back to earth, or if they could survive long enough to return.
     Voice two:
     The astronauts and the flight control center quickly decided 18 that the lunar module could be their (22) lifeboat. It carried oxygen, water, electricity and food for two men for two days on the moon's surface.
     But there were three astronauts. And the trip back to earth would take four days. The men greatly reduced their use of water, food and heat. And they turned off all the electrical devices 19 they could.
     Back on earth, space scientists and engineers worked around the clock to design and test new ideas to help the astronauts survive.
     Voice one:
     Getting enough good air to breathe became the most serious problem. The carbon (23) dioxide the astronauts breathed out was poisoning the air. The lunar module had a few devices for removing carbon dioxide. But there were not enough to remove all the carbon dioxide they created.
     Engineers on the ground designed a way the astronauts could connect air-cleaning devices from the command module to the air system in the lunar module. The astronauts made the connector from a plastic bag, cardboard 20 and tape. It worked. Carbon dioxide was no longer a problem.
     Voice two:
     Now the problem was how to get the astronauts back to earth as quickly and safely as possible. They were more than two-thirds of the way to the moon on a flight path that would take them to a moon landing. They needed to change their flight path to take them around the moon and back toward 21 earth. They had to do this by firing the lunar module (24) rocket engine for just the right amount of time. And they had to make this move without the equipment in the command module that kept the spacecraft on its flight path.
     Five hours after the explosion, flight (25) controllers advised firing the rocket for thirty-five seconds. This sent the spacecraft around the moon instead of down to it. Two hours after Apollo thirteen went around the moon, the astronauts fired the rocket for five minutes. This speeded up the spacecraft to reach earth nine hours sooner.
     Voice one:
     The lunar module was extremely (26) uncomfortable. The astronauts had very little to drink and eat. But the cold was the worst part of the return trip. The temperature inside the lunar module was only a few degrees above freezing. It was too cold for them to sleep much.
     They used the electrical power in the lunar module to add electricity to the batteries of the (27) command module. They would need the electrical power for their landing.
     Voice two:
     The crew moved back to the command module a few hours before landing. They turned on the necessary equipment and broke away from the damaged service module. As the service module moved away, they saw for the first time the damage done by the exploding oxygen tank. Equipment was hanging from a huge hole in the side of the module.
     One hour before landing, Lovell, Swinger and Hayes said thanks and goodbye to their lifeboat, the lunar module. They separated from it and sent it flying away from them.
     Voice one:
     Now, the command module of apollo thirteen headed alone toward earth. It fell through the atmosphere. Its (28) parachutes opened, slowing its fall toward the Pacific Ocean, near (29) Samoa.
     Ships and planes were waiting in the landing area. And thousands of millions of people around the world were watching the live television broadcast of the landing. People everywhere cheered as the cameras found the spacecraft (30) floating downward beneath its three parachutes. They watched as it dropped softly 22 into the water.
     The apollo thirteen astronauts were safely home.
     (Theme)
     ANNCR:
     This special English program was written by Marilyn Rice christiania and directed by Paul Thompson. Your narrators were Shirley Griffith and Sarah long. Join us again next week for another explorations program on the voice of America when we finish the story of the apollo moon-landing program.

注释：
(1) astronaut[5AstrEnC:t]n.太空人, 宇航员
(2) flight[ flait ]n.飞行, 逃走v.成群飞行, 迁徙
(3) roar[ rC: ]n.吼叫, 怒号 v.滚动, 咆哮
(4) commander[ kE5mB:ndE ]n.司令官, 指挥官
(5) orbit[ 5C:bit ]n.轨道, 势力范围, 生活常规, 眼眶v.绕...轨道而行
(6) civilian[ si5viljEn ]n.平民, 公务员adj.民间的, 民用的
(7) module[ 5mCdju:l ]n.模数,登月舱
(8) lunar[ 5lju:nE ]adj.月的, 月亮的
(9) spacecraft[ 5speiskrB:ft ]n.太空船
(10) tank[ tANk ]n.桶、箱
(11) oxygen[ 5CksidVEn ]n. [化]氧
(12) liquid[ 5likwid ]n.液体, 流体adj.液体的,(财务)易变卖的
(13) electricity[Ilek5trIsItI]n.电流, 电, 电学
(14) exploded[ iks5plEudid ]adj.爆破了的, 被打破的
(15) amateur[ 5AmEtE(:), 5AmEtjuE ]n.业余爱好者, 业余艺术家
(16) observer[ Eb5zE:vE ]n.观测者, 观察员, 遵守者
(17) broadcast[ 5brC:dkB:st ]n.广播, 播音v.播撒(种子)
(18) swinger[ 5swiNE ]n.摆动(或挥动)的人, 赶时髦的人
(19) mission[ 5miFEn ]n.使命, 任务, 使团, 代表团
(20) kilometer[ 5kilEmi:tE ]n.[物]千米, 公里
(21) extremely[ iks5tri:mli ]adv.极端地, 非常地
(22) lifeboat[5laIfbEJt]n.救生艇
(23) dioxide[ dai5Cksaid ]n.二氧化物
(24) rocket[ 5rCkit ]n.火箭v.飞速上升
(25) controller[ kEn5trEulE ]n.管理员, 控制器
(26) uncomfortable[ Qn5kQmfEtEbl ]adj.不舒服的, 不安的
(27) command[ kE5mB:nd ]n.命令, 掌握, 司令部v.命令
(28) parachute[ 5pArEFu:t ]n.降落伞
(29) Samoa[ sE5mEuE ]n.萨摩亚群岛[南太平洋]
(30) floating[ 5flEutiN ]adj.漂浮的, 浮动的