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THIS IS AMERICA - American Sociological Association Names Top Protest SongsBy Lawan Davis

Broadcast: Monday, May 15, 2006

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ANNOUNCER:

Welcome to THIS IS AMERICA in VOA Special English. I'm Barbara Klein. This week we bring you some of the most important protest songs of the past century.

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VOICE:

Music is a way to express thoughts, feelings and ideas. People have written protest songs to speak about political and social issues. Protest songs have denounced slavery, war, poverty and inequality. They have supported peace and civil rights.

The American Sociological Association has made a list of the most important protest songs in America during the past century. The list of fourteen songs was published in the journal Contexts. We will tell about eight of those songs.

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During the civil rights movement of the nineteen fifties and nineteen sixties, African-Americans protested for equal rights. The American Sociological Association says two songs were probably sung the most during that time. They are We Shall Overcome and Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me 'Round. Both songs are versions of traditional spiritual songs sung by black people.

The organization also named another song from the civil rights movement on its list of important protest songs. The song is Lift Every Voice and Sing. It was written by brothers James Weldon Johnson and J. Rosamond Johnson in the early nineteen hundreds. The words of the song came from a poem James Weldon Johnson wrote. He had been asked to speak at a birthday celebration in his hometown in Florida for former President Abraham Lincoln. The song later became know as the national song of praise for African-Americans. Singer Kelli Williams recorded Lift Every Voice and Sing.

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Music experts say the song Strange Fruit is one of the greatest protest songs ever. It condemns 2 the hanging of African鈥揂merican men in the American South. Abel Meeropol wrote a poem about this subject in nineteen thirty-seven. He was a school teacher in New York City. He showed the poem to blues 3 singer Billie Holiday who turned it into a song.

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Florence Reece wrote the song Which Side Are You On? in the nineteen thirties during the labor 4 struggles of coal miners in the state of Kentucky. The group Peter, Paul and Mary sings about the need to organize workers into labor unions.

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Bob Dylan has written and sung many protest songs that condemn 1 war or support civil rights. The American Sociological Association says it was difficult to choose just one of his famous protest songs. They include Blowin' in the Wind Only a Pawn 5 in Their Game and Masters of War. However, the organization chose this song, The Times They Are A-Changin'.


Bob Dylan

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Sometimes the reason for protest is a very personal one. Otis Redding wrote this song. Soul singer Aretha Franklin asks the man in her life to honor her, to show her some Respect.

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In hip-hop music, rappers have also made calls for social change. In nineteen eighty-nine, the hip-hop group Public Enemy sang about equal rights and freedom of speech in the song Fight the Power.

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Singer John Lennon wrote and sang several protest songs. He wrote the song Imagine in the late nineteen-sixties to call for peace during the Vietnam War. Experts say the message of the song remains 6 important today. It calls on people all over the world to live in peace and unity 7.


Photographed by Bob Gruen, with skyscrapers 8 behind him, John Lennon wears a New York City T-shirt (1974)

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We leave you now with the song We Shall Overcome. This song has been sung around the world for many different causes, including civil rights, human rights and workers' rights.

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Our program was written and produced by Lawan Davis. I'm Barbara Klein. Join us again next week for THIS IS AMERICA in VOA Special English.