时间:2018-12-03 作者:英语课 分类:高级英语听力


英语课

 


 


 Lesson Six


 


    Section One: News in Brief


 


    Tapescript


    1. The Senate has voted to override 1 President Reagan's veto of sanc-


    tions against South Africa by a decisive seventy-eight to


    twenty-one.  As the House has already voted to override, the sanc-


    tions now become law.  NPR's Linda Wertheimer reports.


    'American civil rights leaders, including Mrs. Caretta Scott King,


    watched the Senate debate from the Senate family gallery as mem-


    bers argued not so much about sanctions and the efficacy of sanc-


    tions, more about the choice between affirming the bill already pas-


    sed by Congress or supporting the President.'


 


    2. American food aid to southern African countries could be cut off


    if South Africa carries out its threat to ban imports of US grain.


    Foreign Minister Pic Botha said if US sanctions were imposed, his


    government would stop imports and would not allow its transport


    service to carry US grain to neighboring countries.


 


    3. The White House today denied that it planted misleading stories


    in the American news media as part of a plan to topple Libyan lead-


    er Muammar Quddafl.  The Wtishington Post reported this morning


    that stories were leaked this summer alleging 3 Qtiddafi was resuming


    his support for terrorist activities, even though National Security


    Adviser 4 John Poindexter knew otherwise.  Today, White House


    spokesman Larry Speakes said Poindexter denied the administration


    had involved the media in an anti-Quddafi campaign but Speakes


    left open the possibility a disinformation campaign was conducted in


    other countries.


 


_Section Two: News in Detail


 


Tapescript


    The question in Washington today is this: Did the federal gov-


@ment try to scare Libya's Colonel Muammar Quddafl in August


by way of a disinformation campaign in the American media?  The


'Washington Post Bob Woodward reports today that there was an


 


_     elaborate disinformation program set up by the White House to


     convince Quddafi that the United States was about to attack again,


     or that he might be ousted 6 in a coup 7.  The White House today denies


     that officials tried to mislead Quddafi by using the American media.


     NPR's Bill Busenburg has our first report on the controversy 8.


        The story starts on August 25th when the Wall Street Journal


     ran a front page story saying that Libya and the United States were


     once again on a collision course.  Quoting multiple official sources,


     the paper said Quddafi was plotting new terrorist attacks and the


     Reagan Administration was preparing to teach him another lesson.


     The Journal reported that the Pentagon was completing plans for a


     new and wider bombing of Libya in case the President ordered it.


        That story caused a flurry of press attention.  Officials in


     Washington and at the western White House in California were


     asked if it was true.  " The story was authoritative 9" said the White


     House spokesman Larry Speakes.  Based on that official confirma-


     tion, other news organizations, including the New York Times, the


     Washington Post, NPR and the major TV networks, all ran stories


     suggesting Libya should watch out.  US naval 10 maneuvers 11 then taking


     place in the Mediterranean 12 might be used as a cover for more attacks


     on Libya as in the past.


         Today's Washington Post, however, quotes from an August


     14th secret White House plan, adopted eleven days before the Wall


     Street Journal story.  It was outlined in a memo 13 written by the Pres-


     ident's National Security Advisor 14 John Poindexter.  That plan called


     for a strategy of real and illusory events, using a disinformation


     program to make Quddafl think the United States was about to


     move against him militarily.  Here are some examples the Post cites,


     suggesting disinformation was used domestically: Number one, while


     some US officials told the press Quddafi was stepping up his terrorist


     plans, President Reagan was being told in a memo that Quddafl was


     temporarily quiescent 15, in other words, that he wasn't active.  Number


 


_ two, while some officials were telling the press of internal infighting


 in Libya to oust 5 Quddafi, US officials really believed he was firmly


 in power and that CIA's efforts to oust him were not working.


 Number three, while officials were telling the press the Pentagon was


 planning new attacks, in fact nothing new was being done Existing


 contingency plans were several months old, and the naval maneuvers


 were just maneuvers.  The Post says this policy of deception 16 was ap-


 proved at a National Security Planning Group meeting chaired by


 President Reagan and his top aides.


 


_ Section Three: Special Report


 


 Tapescript


 @   Two new studies were published today on the links between tel-


 evision coverage 17 of suicide and subsequent teenage suicide rates.  The


 Now England J6urnal of Medicine reports that both studies suggest


 that some teenagers might be more likely to take their own lives after


 seeing TV programs dealing 18 with suicide.  NPR's Lorie Garrett re-


 ports.


     The first suicide study, done by a team from the University of


 California in San Diego, examines television news coverage of sui-


 cides.  David Philips and Lundy Carseson looked at forty-five sui-


 cide stories carried on network news-casts between 1973 and '79.


 The researchers then compared the incidence of teen suicides in those


 years to the dates of broadcast of these stories.  David Philips says


 news coverage of suicides definitely prompted an increase in the


 number of teens in America who took their lives.


      ,The more TV programs that carry a story, the greater they in-


 crease 19 in teen suicides just after-wards.  "


     The suicide increase among teens was compared by Philips to


 adult suicide trends.


      'The teen suicides go up by about 2.91 teen suicides per story.


 And adult suicides go up by, I think, around two adult suicides per


 stor . The increase for teens, the percentage increase for teens is


 


_     very, very much larger than the percentage increase for adults.  It's


     about, I think, fourteen or,fifteen times as big a response for teens


     percentagewise as it is for adults.'


         The TV news coverage appears to have prompted a greater in-


     crease than is seen around other well-known periods of adolescent


     depression, such as holidays, personal birthdays, the start of school


     and winter.  Philips could not find any specific types of stories that


     seem to trigger a greater response among depressed 20 teens.  Philips


     says it seems to simply be the word "suicide' and the knowledge that


     somebody actively 21 executed the act that pushes buttons in depressed


     teenagers.  Psychiatrists 22 call this 'imitative behavior.'


          " What my study showed was that there seems to be imitation


     not only of relatively 23 bland 24 behavior like dress, dressing 25 or


     hairstyles, but there seems to be imitation of really quite deviant be-


     havior as well.  The teenagers imitate apparently 26 across the board,


     not just suicides, but everything else as well.'


          In a separate study, Madeline Gould and David Shaeffer of


     Columbia University found that made-for-television movies about


     suicide also stimulated 27 imitative behavior.  Even though the movies


     were intended to portray 28 the problem of teen suicide and offered, in


     some cases, suicide hot line numbers and advice on counselling, the


     team believes the four network movies prompted eighty teen


     suicides.  One of the made-for-TV movies examined by the


     Columbia University team was a CBS production.  George Schweitz-


     er, a CBS's Vice 2 President, is well aware of this research.  He says, 'It


     is terribly unfortunate that any teens took their lives after the broad-


     cast, but if they had it to do over,' says Schweitzer, 'CBS would still


     run the movie."


          " Studies, like these do not measure the most, what we think is


     the most important thing, which I don't think can be measured, and


     that is the hundreds and hundreds and probably thousands of teen-


     agers who were positively 29 moved by these kinds of broadcasts."


 


_     Moved to call suicide hot lines, moved to seek counseling, and


 6wved to discuss their depressions with family members.  Schweitzer


 does not dispute today's studies: some teens may be moved to


 suicide.


     ' But ignoring the issue for fear of that, I think, would be far


 more disastrous 30 than addressing important social issues to help


 create awareness 31 and again to have a positive effect.'


     But researcher David Philips suggests the media could decrease


 the teen suicide problem by avoiding some suicide stories all together


 and changing the way the others are covered.  For example, says


 Philips, " Don't make suicide seem heroic." He cites the story of 'a'


 Young Czechoslovakian dissident who set himself on fire.  But t


 dissident action was taken to draw attention to government repres-


 sion in Czechoslovakia.  Should the news media really have ignored


 such a story?  'I think it's a really difficult question.  There are all


 these goods on all sides of the issue.  And thank God, I don't have to


 be the one to disentangle that issue.'


     One prominent expert in this field said the young people moved


 .to take their lives, following a news story or movie, are particularly


 vulnerable, suicidal individuals.  In the absence of television stories,


 some other events in their lives might well have triggered their ac-


 tions.  So while most psychiatrists agree there is an imitative compo-


 nent to teenage suicides, that tendency, they say, should not lead so-


 ciety to repress information.  On the contrary, some say we are now


 'facing a major epidemic 32 of adolescent suicide in America.  We must


 publicize and confront the problem.  Last year some fifty-five'hun-


 dred adolescents between fifteen and twenty-four years of age took


 their lives.  At least ten times that tried.  Some estimates are that 275


 thousand teens attempted suicide last year.  The rate of teenage sui-


 cide in America has tripled since 1955.



1 override
vt.不顾,不理睬,否决;压倒,优先于
  • The welfare of a child should always override the wishes of its parents.孩子的幸福安康应该永远比父母的愿望来得更重要。
  • I'm applying in advance for the authority to override him.我提前申请当局对他进行否决。
2 vice
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
3 alleging
断言,宣称,辩解( allege的现在分词 )
  • His reputation was blemished by a newspaper article alleging he'd evaded his taxes. 由于报上一篇文章声称他曾逃税,他的名誉受到损害。
  • This our Peeress declined as unnecessary, alleging that her cousin Thornhill's recommendation would be sufficient. 那位贵人不肯,还说不必,只要有她老表唐希尔保荐就够了。
4 adviser
n.劝告者,顾问
  • They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
  • Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。
5 oust
vt.剥夺,取代,驱逐
  • The committee wanted to oust him from the union.委员会想把他从工会中驱逐出去。
  • The leaders have been ousted from power by nationalists.这些领导人被民族主义者赶下了台。
6 ousted
驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 ); 革职; 罢黜; 剥夺
  • He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
  • He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。
7 coup
n.政变;突然而成功的行动
  • The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
  • That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。
8 controversy
n.争论,辩论,争吵
  • That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
  • We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。
9 authoritative
adj.有权威的,可相信的;命令式的;官方的
  • David speaks in an authoritative tone.大卫以命令的口吻说话。
  • Her smile was warm but authoritative.她的笑容很和蔼,同时又透着威严。
10 naval
adj.海军的,军舰的,船的
  • He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
  • The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。
11 maneuvers
n.策略,谋略,花招( maneuver的名词复数 )
  • He suspected at once that she had been spying upon his maneuvers. 他立刻猜想到,她已经侦察到他的行动。 来自辞典例句
  • Maneuvers in Guizhou occupied the Reds for four months. 贵州境内的作战占了红军四个月的时间。 来自辞典例句
12 Mediterranean
adj.地中海的;地中海沿岸的
  • The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
  • Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。
13 memo
n.照会,备忘录;便笺;通知书;规章
  • Do you want me to send the memo out?您要我把这份备忘录分发出去吗?
  • Can you type a memo for me?您能帮我打一份备忘录吗?
14 advisor
n.顾问,指导老师,劝告者
  • They employed me as an advisor.他们聘请我当顾问。
  • The professor is engaged as a technical advisor.这位教授被聘请为技术顾问。
15 quiescent
adj.静止的,不活动的,寂静的
  • It is unlikely that such an extremist organization will remain quiescent for long.这种过激的组织是不太可能长期沉默的。
  • Great distance in either time or space has wonderful power to lull and render quiescent the human mind.时间和空间上的远距离有一种奇妙的力量,可以使人的心灵平静。
16 deception
n.欺骗,欺诈;骗局,诡计
  • He admitted conspiring to obtain property by deception.他承认曾与人合谋骗取财产。
  • He was jailed for two years for fraud and deception.他因为诈骗和欺诈入狱服刑两年。
17 coverage
n.报导,保险范围,保险额,范围,覆盖
  • There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
  • This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。
18 dealing
n.经商方法,待人态度
  • This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
  • His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。
19 crease
n.折缝,褶痕,皱褶;v.(使)起皱
  • Does artificial silk crease more easily than natural silk?人造丝比天然丝更易起皱吗?
  • Please don't crease the blouse when you pack it.包装时请不要将衬衫弄皱了。
20 depressed
adj.沮丧的,抑郁的,不景气的,萧条的
  • When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
  • His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。
21 actively
adv.积极地,勤奋地
  • During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
  • We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。
22 psychiatrists
n.精神病专家,精神病医生( psychiatrist的名词复数 )
  • They are psychiatrists in good standing. 他们是合格的精神病医生。 来自辞典例句
  • Some psychiatrists have patients who grow almost alarmed at how congenial they suddenly feel. 有些精神分析学家发现,他们的某些病人在突然感到惬意的时候几乎会兴奋起来。 来自名作英译部分
23 relatively
adv.比较...地,相对地
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
24 bland
adj.淡而无味的,温和的,无刺激性的
  • He eats bland food because of his stomach trouble.他因胃病而吃清淡的食物。
  • This soup is too bland for me.这汤我喝起来偏淡。
25 dressing
n.(食物)调料;包扎伤口的用品,敷料
  • Don't spend such a lot of time in dressing yourself.别花那么多时间来打扮自己。
  • The children enjoy dressing up in mother's old clothes.孩子们喜欢穿上妈妈旧时的衣服玩。
26 apparently
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎
  • An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽,豁然开朗。
  • He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。
27 stimulated
a.刺激的
  • The exhibition has stimulated interest in her work. 展览增进了人们对她作品的兴趣。
  • The award has stimulated her into working still harder. 奖金促使她更加努力地工作。
28 portray
v.描写,描述;画(人物、景象等)
  • It is difficult to portray feelings in words.感情很难用言语来描写。
  • Can you portray the best and worst aspects of this job?您能描述一下这份工作最好与最坏的方面吗?
29 positively
adv.明确地,断然,坚决地;实在,确实
  • She was positively glowing with happiness.她满脸幸福。
  • The weather was positively poisonous.这天气着实讨厌。
30 disastrous
adj.灾难性的,造成灾害的;极坏的,很糟的
  • The heavy rainstorm caused a disastrous flood.暴雨成灾。
  • Her investment had disastrous consequences.She lost everything she owned.她的投资结果很惨,血本无归。
31 awareness
n.意识,觉悟,懂事,明智
  • There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
  • Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。
32 epidemic
n.流行病;盛行;adj.流行性的,流传极广的
  • That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
  • The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。
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a carreira
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