高级英语听力 lesson 5

  Section One: News in Brief

      Tapescript

      1. The House began debate today on a three-year bill to combat trafficking and use of illegal drugs.  The measure has the support of most representatives and House Speaker Thomas O'Neill says he expects it to pass by tomorrow. Among other things, the bill would increase penalties for violators, provide money to increase drug enforcement and coast guard personnel, and require drug producing countries to establish eradication 1 programs as a condition of US support for development loans.

      2. A cultural exchange between the US and the Soviet 2 Union may face an American boycott 3 unless US News and World Report correspondent, Nicholas Daniloff, is freed from a Moscow jail.  An American style town meeting is scheduled to take place in Latvia  next week, but the two hundred seventy Americans due to take part

      say they won't go if Daniloff remains 4 in jail.  They add the decision is

      a personal one and is not being made by the Reagan Administration

      in retaliation 5 for the Daniloff detention 6.

      3. Egyptian and Israeli negotiators have reached agreement on re-

      solving the Taba border dispute, clearing the way for a summit be-

      tween the two countries to begin tomorrow.  Egyptian President

      Hosni Mubarak and Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres will meet

      in Alexandria.  Details of the Taba agreement have not been made

      available.

_ Section Two: News in Detail

 Tapescript

     The United Statqs House of Representatives is debating an om-

 nibus drug bill and expects to pass the measure tomorrow.  Though

 the bill'has attracted strong, bipartisan support, NPR's Cokey

 Roberts reports the debate on the issue points up the differences be-

 tween political parties.                                   

     When Congress returned from the Fourth of July recess 7, House

 Speaker Tip O'Neill said there was only one thing members were

 talking about in the cloak-room: drugs.  The Democrats 8 quickly pul-

 led together chairmen from twelve different committees to draft a

 drug package.  Then, stung by criticism that they were acting 9 in a

 partisan fashion, the Democratic leaders invited the Republicans to

 join them in the newly declared war on drugs.  So, when the bill came

 to the House floor today, the party leaders led off debate.  Texas

 Democrat Jim Wright.

     'It's time to declare an all-out war, to mobilize our forces, pub-

 fic and private, national and local, in a total coordinated 10 assault up-

 on this menace, which is draining our economy of some two hundred

 and thirty billion dollars this year, slowly rotting away the fabric 11 of

_    our society, seducing 12 and killing 13 our young.  That it will take money

    is hardly debatable.  We can't right artillery 14 with spitballs."

       The question of j List how much money this measure will cost has

    not been answered to the satisfaction of all members.  Democrats say

    it's one and half billion dollars over three years, with almost seven

    hundred thousand for next year.  Republicans claim the price tag will

    run higher and are trying to emphasize other aspects of the drug bat-

    tle, aspects which they think play better in Republican campaigns.

    Minority leader Robert Michel.

       'The ultimate cure for the drug epidemic 15 must come from with-

    in the heart of each individual faced with the temptation of taking

    drugs.  It is ultimately a problem of character, of will power, of fami-

    ly and community, and concern, and personal pride."

       Among other items, the bill before the House increases penalties

    for most drug related crimes, sets the minimum jail term of twenty

    years for drug trafficking and manufacturing, authorizes 16 money for

    the drug enforcement administration and prison construction, beefs

    up the ability of the coast guard and customs service to stop drugs

    coming into this country, and creates programs for drugleducation.

    The various sections of the measure give House members ample op-

    portunity to speak on an issue where they want their voices heard.

    Maryland Democratic Barbara McCulsky was nominated for the

    Senate yesterday.  Today, she spoke 18 to the part of the bill which

    funds drug eradication programs in foreign countries.

        "When we fought yellow fever, we didn't go at it one mosquito

    at a time.  We went right to the swamp.  That's what the Foreign Af-

    fairs section of this legislation will do.  It will go to the swamps, or

    where cocaine 19 is either grown, refined, or manufactured."

        Republican Henson Moore is running for the Senate in

    Louisiana.  He spoke to the part of the drug bill which changes the

    trade laws for countries which deal in drugs.

         ' We're moving to stop something; it's absolutely idiotic 20.  It

_  needs to be stopped: this situation of where a country can sell legally

  to us on the one hand and illegally to us under the table, selling

  drugs in this country poisoning our young people and our popula-

  tion."

_  Section Three: Special Report

  Tapescript

       Today in China, in Nanjing, balloons, firecrackers and lion

  dancers mark the dedication 21 of the Johns Hopkins University-Nanj-

  ing University Center for Chinese and American Studies.  For the

  first time since World War II, Chinese and American students will

  attend a graduate institution in China that is administered jointly 24 by

  academic organizations that are worlds apart figuratively and literal-

  ly. NPR's Susan Stanberg reports.

       Cross-cultural encounters can be extremely enriching; cross-

  cultural encounters can be utterly 25 absurd.

       ' Let's see. That would be eighty-seven. So,  ba-shi-

  qi-nian-qian, ... let's see, ... equal ... proposition equal'

       Here's what that American was trying to say in Chinese.

       "Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth 26 on

  this continent a new nation ... a new nation conceived in liberty, and

  dedicated 27 to the proposition that all men are created equal.'

       Now you don't have to be dealing 28 with classic American oratory 29

  to run into problems.  In,planning for the Center for Chinese and

  American Studies, there was much debate as to whether the new au-

  ditorium on the Nanjing campus should have a flat or sloped floor.

  If the floor were flat, the auditorium 30 could be used for dances, for

  parties, but a sloped floor would be better for listening, for viewing

  films and slides.

       "The argument finally won out that for practical reasons a flat

  floor- would be best because it ... it really would make it a multi-pur-

  pose room.  You wouldn't have to fix the furniture.'

       Stephen Muller is President of Johns Hopkins University, the

_  US end of this Sino-American joint 23 venture in learning.

     'So, a flat floor was built.  Only the Chinese in building it finally

  ended up with a flat floor but at two different levels, one higher than

  the other.  So, if you want to use it for - dances, you either have to

  have very short women with very tall men or vice 17 versa.'

     Twenty-four Americans, and thirty-six Chinese of  mixed

  heights are the first students at the Hopkins-Nanjing Center.  Nanj-

  i!19 used to be Nanking, by the way, back in the days when Beijing

  was Pekini.  The Americans will take classes in Chinese history, eco-

  nomics, trade, politics, all from Chinese faculty 31.  The Chinese will

  study the US with American university professors.  Johns Hopkins

  President Stephen Muller says this is advanced study work.  All the

  Chinese students are proficient 32 in English; all the Americans- have

  master's degrees plus fluency 33 in Chinese.

  @ I @ " The twenty-four Americans come from about eighteen col-

  leges and universities.  No one institution in this country produces

  that many people of this character; so that's a beginning.  Nanjing is

  not the place, the Center is not the place to go, if you want a doctor-

  o.te in Chinese history or Chinese language or Chinese literature or

  Whatever.  This is a pre-professional program."

      Which means the men and women who spend the year at the

  Nanjing Center will end up as diplomats 34 or business people in one

  another's country.

       'Our hope is that the Americans, to speak about those, who are

  going to be incidentally rooming with Chinese roommates, which is a

  very interesting thing the Chinese agree to, that the Americans will

  "got only bring a year of living in'China, a year of having studied

  with Chinese faculty and hearing the Chinese view of Chinese foreign

  @icy in economics and, so on, that they will also have the kind of

  friends among Chinese roughly their age who are going to be dealing

  with the United States.  That will slowly, over the years, create a real

       ork, if you will, of people who, because they've had this corn-

_    mon experience, can deal with each other very easily and, you know,

    be kind of a rallying point - an old boy, old girl network, as it

    were.'

        Hopkins President Muller admits that a simple exchange

    program - Chinese students coming to the US, and American stu-

    dents 22 going to China - would involve far fewer headaches than

    running jointly an academic institution on foreign soil.  Plus the suc-

    cess of the Hopkins-Nanjing Center depends on undependables, like

    continuing sweet Sino-American relations and being able to attract

    funding.  And there's this wrinkle.'

        "Some of the people who will study there, without any question,

    will probably come from or afterwards enter the intelligence com-

    munity.  That it's really desirable that people who do that have that

    kind of background.  We're very honest about that, but it's so easy to

    denounce the whole thing as an espionage 35 center, or something.  You

    know, there's a lot of fragility in this thing.'

        Stephen Muller is President of Johns Hopkins University in

    Baltimore.  The Hopkins-Nanjing University Center for Chinese and

    American Studies was dedicated today in China.  I'm Susan

    Stanberg.

        'How do you say good luck in Chinese?'

        'Don't know.  I don't know Chinese.'

        "You'd better learn.'

        'That's a phrase I should know.  Yes.'