时间:2018-12-03 作者:英语课 分类:2007年ESL之餐饮娱乐


英语课

 



 


14 Setting the Table


GLOSSARY 1


It’s not everyday that… – a phrase used to show that something happens only rarely and is not common or usual* It’s not everyday that my favorite singer visits my hometown to perform!


china – porcelain 2 dishes; very nice ceramic 3 plates and bowls used for eating* We use the china only for special holidays: Thanksgiving, Christmas, and NewYear’s Day.


to set the table – to put napkins, plates, bowls, glasses, and silverware on thetable to prepare for a meal* Chashka always sets the table while her father cooks dinner.


tablecloth 4 – a large piece of fabric 5 placed over a table where people eat* Jackie accidentally spilled red wine on the white tablecloth.


linen 6 – a type of cloth or fabric, usually used to make very nice clothes, sheets,and tablecloths 7* Is that skirt made from linen or cotton?


table setting – all the plates, bowls, cups, silverware, and napkins that areplaced in front of one person for a meal* They need eight table settings for all of their guests, but they have room for onlysix, so the two children will have to eat at another table.


plate – a large, flat, round dish used to hold food for one person during a meal* My mother always told me that if I eat everything on my plate, then I can havedessert.


saucer – a small, flat, round dish that is placed under a teacup* Be careful when you serve the coffee that it doesn’t spill all over the saucers. dinnerware – all the plates, bowls, cups, silverware, and other items used duringa meal* Vicky and Vince asked for new dinnerware as a wedding gift.


silverware – forks, knives, and spoons; metal (usually silver-colored) or plastic objects that are used to eat food* Ulysses forgot to bring silverware to the picnic and we all had to eat with ourhands.


fork – a metal or plastic object with a handle and three or four points (“tines”) atthe end that are used to pick up food and bring it toward one’s mouth* If you can’t pick up the peas with your fork, try using your spoon instead.


tine – one of the sharp points at the end of a fork* Hal picked up the piece of meat by stabbing it with the tines of his fork.


knife – a long, metal or plastic object with a handle and a sharp side that is usedto cut food* Which knife is best for slicing bread?


spoon – a metal or plastic object with a handle and a small bowl-like end that is used to pick up liquids and round pieces of food* Can you please give everyone spoons to eat their ice cream?


steak knife – a very sharp knife used to slice meat that is difficult to cut* Even with a steak knife, it was difficult to cut the steak because it was overcooked.


wine glass – a clear cup for holding wine for one person, with a flat, roundbottom and a long, thin handle* Pauline doesn’t have wine glasses, so we had to drink wine out of plastic cups.


in bad shape – not ready to do something; in poor condition; unhealthy or unfit* Although Vreneli wasn’t injured, she was in bad shape after the car accident,too scared to drive anywhere.


a ball of nerves – very nervous, worried, and anxious* Steve was a ball of nerves before his presentation, but we all thought he didvery well.


COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1.  Why did Martha take out the best china?


a)  Because William’s bosses are Chinese.


b)  Because she wants to use the dishes they bought in China.


c)  Because she wants to use their nicest plates.


2.  Which of these are not silverware?


a)  Tines.


b)  Spoons.


c)  Steak knives.


______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?


plateThe word “plate,” in this podcast, means a large, flat, round dish used to holdfood for one person during a meal: “Benny filled his plate with chicken andmashed potatoes.”  A “license 8 plate” is the rectangular piece of metal placed onthe front or back of a car with that car’s registration 9 number: “Her license plate is VBF592.”  The word “plated” means covered with a metal, usually silver or gold:


“Is that statue all gold, or is it only gold-plated?”  The phrase “to have too muchon (one’s) plate” means that one is extremely busy and involved in too many activities: “Now that Fred’s mother is ill and living with him, he has too much onhis plate, given that he’s still working two jobs and taking care of his kids.” knifeIn this podcast, the word “knife” means a long, metal or plastic object with ahandle and a sharp side that is used to cut food: “While Edith was cutting carrots,the knife slipped and she accidentally cut her finger.”  A “knife” can also be aweapon, or something used to hurt another person: “The boy pulled a knife fromhis pocket and pointed 10 it at the other boys who he thought wanted to hurt him.”  A“pocketknife” is a small knife (possibly with more than one knife blade) that folds into the handle so that it can be put in one’s pocket: “Whenever we go hiking, wealways take a pocketknife with us.”  The informal phrase “to be under the knife”


means to be having surgery: “Christy hurt her knee again, and tomorrow she’ll begoing under the knife to get it fixed 11.”


CULTURE NOTEMany “dishes,” or ceramic pieces used to hold food, are placed on a dinner tablein addition to the ones mentioned in this podcast.  For example, a “gravy bowl” is a small bowl with a handle that is used to hold “gravy,” or a dark gray or brownsauce that is poured over meats.  “Serving bowls” are large bowls that hold foodso that people can use a “serving spoon” (a large spoon) to move food from theserving bowls to their own plates.  Soup is served with a “ladle” (a large servingspoon especially for liquids). Salad is usually placed in a “salad bowl,” andpeople use “salad tongs” (a long tool with two parts that connect at one end andis used to pick things up) to move the salad from the salad bowl to their plates.


The center of the table usually has “salt and pepper shakers,” which are smallbottles filled with salt and pepper that have holes in the “lids” (tops) so that they can be “shaken” (moved quickly up and down) “upside-down” (with the top facingdown and the bottom facing up) to put salt and pepper on one’s food.  Oftenthere is a “creamer,” or a small bowl with a handle that holds “cream” (milk with alot of fat in it) for one’s coffee.


On top of the tablecloth, there might be “placemats,” or rectangular pieces ofplastic or cloth that are placed under each diner’s plate.  Each person also has a“napkin” (a small piece of cloth or paper used to clean one’s mouth and hands). If the napkins are made from cloth, sometimes they are placed in a “napkin ring”


(a round piece of metal or wood used to hold the napkin for decoration). ______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers:  1 – c; 2 – a


COMPLETE TRANSCRIPTWelcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 317: Setting theTable.


This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 317.  I’m your host, Dr.


Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development inbeautiful Los Angeles, California.


Visit our website at eslpod.com, and take a look at our premium 12 courses.  Wehave additional business and daily English courses available in our ESL PodcastStore.  You also will want to take a look at our ESL Podcast Blog, where we haveadditional information and help in learning English.  And of course, you shoulddownload a Learning Guide for this episode to help you learn English evenfaster.


This episode is called “Setting the Table.”  It’s a dialogue about what you put ona table – a dinner table – so you can eat.  Let’s get started.


[start of dialogue]


William:  This is a very special dinner.  It’s not everyday that I have my bosses over for dinner.  It has to be perfect.


Martha:  I know.  Why do you think I took out our best china?  Instead ofworrying, why don’t you help me set the table? William:  Right.  I should make myself useful.  Is this the best tablecloth we have?


Martha:  Yes, it is.  It’s very fine linen.


William:  Oh, right, right.  Okay, we need six table settings.  That means we needdinner plates, salad plates, bread plates, coffee cups, and saucers.  Where arethe saucers?


Martha:  All of the dinnerware is over there.  Be careful!


William:  I know, I know.  Where’s the silverware?  We’re missing the silverware!


Martha:  No, we’re not.  All of the silverware is in this drawer.  Put the dinner andsalad forks on the left and the dessert fork above the plate, like this.  The tines should be facing up.  The knife and spoon go on the right.


William:  I know that.  I was just looking for the steak knives.


Martha:  We don’t need those tonight.  Here, take these wine glasses and putthem on the table.


William:  What else?  What else?


Martha:  Nothing.  You need to take a deep breath and calm down, or you’ll be inbad shape by the time the dinner starts.


William:  It’s too late.  I’m already a ball of nerves!


[end of dialogue]


Our dialogue between William and Martha begins by William saying, “This is avery special dinner.  It’s not everyday that I have my bosses over for dinner.” The expression “it’s not everyday that…” is a phrase we use to show thatsomething happens only rarely, that something is not very common, not very usual, that it’s a special event.  It’s not everyday that someone says to me, “Jeff,you are the most handsome man in the world.”  In fact, that never happens!


“It’s not everyday that I have my bosses over for dinner.”  To “have someoneover for dinner” means to invite them to your house for dinner.  Martha says toWilliam, “I know.  Why do you think I took out our best china?”  “China” is not acountry here; “china” refers to very nice ceramic plates and bowls that are usedfor eating.  They are also called, or can be, “porcelain” dishes.  It’s a very fine,very delicate material.  If you drop the plate, it will break easily, but it’s very beautiful looking.  People only use their china for very special occasions orholidays.  When I was growing up, we would only have our china on the table forChristmas, Thanksgiving, Easter – big holidays that we celebrated 13 in my family. “China” is not capitalized; if you put a capital “C” then it’s China, the country.


Martha says, “Instead of worrying, why don’t you help me set the table?”  To “set(set) the table” means to put the plates, the bowls, glasses, napkins, everythingyou need before you eat – all the things you need to be prepared to eat.  In my house, growing up, it was my job every night to set the table.


William says, “Right,” meaning okay, I agree.  “I should make myself useful.  Is this the best tablecloth we have?”  A “tablecloth” (one word) is a large piece offabric, a material that you put over a table where people are eating.  It’s used informal restaurants, for example.  Martha says, “Yes, it is (yes, it is the best table cloth we have).  It’s very fine linen” (linen).  “Linen” is a type of cloth or fabric.  Itis usually used to make very nice clothing or tablecloths – things like that.


William says, “Oh, right, right.  Okay, we need six table settings.”  A “tablesetting” is the complete set of things that one person needs; so one bowl, oneplate, one cup, the fork, knife, spoon, etc.  That’s a table setting.  If you have fivepeople, you need five table settings.  William says, “That means we need dinnerplates, salad plates, bread plates, coffee cups, and saucers.”  A “plate” is a large,flat, round dish used to hold food for one person during a meal.  A “saucer”


(saucer) is a small, flat, round dish, but it’s very small and it is used to putunderneath a teacup or a small coffee cup.  That would be a “saucer” – very small plate, put underneath 14 a small cup.  The word “plate” has several differentmeanings in English; take a look at our Learning Guide for some additionalexplanations.


Martha says, “All of the dinnerware is over there.  Be careful!”  The “dinnerware”


(one word) refers to all of the plates, bowls, cups, utensils 16 like knives, spoons,forks, and other things you use during a meal.  It’s a general term for everythingthat would be on the table.


William says, “I know, I know,” meaning I know I should be careful.  “Where’s thesilverware?  We’re missing the silverware!”  “Silverware” (silverware) means theforks, the knives, the spoons, things that you use, what we would call “utensils,”


for eating.  “Silver” is a metal – an expensive metal that is used sometimes inmaking forks, knives, and spoons, especially for a very formal dinner table. However, many people now use the term or the word “silverware” for any kind ofeating utensils.  Any collection of forks, knives, and spoons, even if they aremade from plastic, are sometimes called “silverware.”  So, the expression doesn’trefer only to things that are made from silver.


Martha responds to William, “All of the silverware is in this drawer.  Put the dinnerand salad forks on the left and the dessert fork above the plate, like this.”  A“fork” is something that usually has three or four little points, what we call “tines”


(tines), and these are used for picking up food.  “The tines should be facing up,”


again, the “tines” are the sharp points at the end of the fork.  “The knife andspoon,” Martha says, “go on the right” side of the plate.  The “knife” is a long,usually metal eating utensil 15 used to cut things.  We use the word “knife” in acouple of different ways; take a look at the Learning Guide for some additionalexplanations.  A “spoon,” you may know, is a round, almost like a bowl – smallbowl – with a handle on it , something you use to grab it – and it’s used forpicking up liquids and round pieces of food.


William says, “I was just looking for the steak knives.”  A “steak knife” is a very sharp knife used to cut meat or other food that’s difficult to eat – difficult to cut. It’s a very sharp knife; it’s called a “steak knife” because you use it when you areeating steak – beefsteak.  Martha says, “We don’t need (the steak knives)tonight.  Here, take these wine glasses and put them on the table.”  A “wineglass” is a clear glass for drinking wine, for one person.  It usually has a flat,round bottom.


William says, “What else?  What else?” meaning what else do we need to put onthe table – are we missing anything?  Martha says, “Nothing.  You need to take adeep breath [Jeff takes a deep breath] and calm down, or you’ll be in bad shapeby the time the dinner starts.”  To “be in bad shape” means you’ll be in a poorcondition, you will not be ready to do something.  William says, “It’s too late.  I’malready a ball of nerves!”  The expression “to be a ball of nerves” is an idiomwhich means to be very nervous, to be worried, to be anxious.  The first time Iflew in an airplane, I was 23 years old, I was a ball of nerves – I was nervous about what would happen.  Fortunately everything turned out okay; there were noproblems.


Now let’s listen to the dialogue, this time at a normal speed.


[start of dialogue]


William:  This is a very special dinner.  It’s not everyday that I have my bosses over for dinner.  It has to be perfect.


Martha:  I know.  Why do you think I took out our best china?  Instead ofworrying, why don’t you help me set the table? William:  Right.  I should make myself useful.  Is this the best tablecloth we have?


Martha:  Yes, it is.  It’s very fine linen.


William:  Oh, right, right.  Okay, we need six table settings.  That means we needdinner plates, salad plates, bread plates, coffee cups, and saucers.  Where arethe saucers?


Martha:  All of the dinnerware is over there.  Be careful!


William:  I know, I know.  Where’s the silverware?  We’re missing the silverware!


Martha:  No, we’re not.  All of the silverware is in this drawer.  Put the dinner andsalad forks on the left and the dessert fork above the plate, like this.  The tines should be facing up.  The knife and spoon go on the right.


William:  I know that.  I was just looking for the steak knives.


Martha:  We don’t need those tonight.  Here, take these wine glasses and putthem on the table.


William:  What else?  What else?


Martha:  Nothing.  You need to take a deep breath and calm down, or you’ll be inbad shape by the time the dinner starts.


William:  It’s too late.  I’m already a ball of nerves!


[end of dialogue]


The script for this episode was written by the wonderful Dr. Lucy Tse.  Thank youLucy! From Los Angeles, California, I’m Jeff McQuillan.  Thanks for listening.  We’ll seeyou next time on ESL Podcast.


English as a Second Language Podcast is written and produced by Dr. Lucy Tse,hosted by Dr. Jeff McQuillan.  This podcast is copyright 2007.




1 glossary
n.注释词表;术语汇编
  • The text is supplemented by an adequate glossary.正文附有一个详细的词汇表。
  • For convenience,we have also provided a glossary in an appendix.为了方便,我们在附录中也提供了术语表。
2 porcelain
n.瓷;adj.瓷的,瓷制的
  • These porcelain plates have rather original designs on them.这些瓷盘的花纹很别致。
  • The porcelain vase is enveloped in cotton.瓷花瓶用棉花裹着。
3 ceramic
n.制陶业,陶器,陶瓷工艺
  • The order for ceramic tiles has been booked in.瓷砖的订单已登记下来了。
  • Some ceramic works of art are shown in this exhibition.这次展览会上展出了一些陶瓷艺术品。
4 tablecloth
n.桌布,台布
  • He sat there ruminating and picking at the tablecloth.他坐在那儿沉思,轻轻地抚弄着桌布。
  • She smoothed down a wrinkled tablecloth.她把起皱的桌布熨平了。
5 fabric
n.织物,织品,布;构造,结构,组织
  • The fabric will spot easily.这种织品很容易玷污。
  • I don't like the pattern on the fabric.我不喜欢那块布料上的图案。
6 linen
n.亚麻布,亚麻线,亚麻制品;adj.亚麻布制的,亚麻的
  • The worker is starching the linen.这名工人正在给亚麻布上浆。
  • Fine linen and cotton fabrics were known as well as wool.精细的亚麻织品和棉织品像羊毛一样闻名遐迩。
7 tablecloths
n.桌布,台布( tablecloth的名词复数 )
  • Champagne corks popped, and on lace tablecloths seven-course dinners were laid. 桌上铺着带装饰图案的网织的桌布,上面是七道菜的晚餐。 来自飘(部分)
  • At the moment the cause of her concern was a pile of soiled tablecloths. 此刻她关心的事是一堆弄脏了的台布。 来自辞典例句
8 license
n.执照,许可证,特许;v.许可,特许
  • The foreign guest has a license on the person.这个外国客人随身携带执照。
  • The driver was arrested for having false license plates on his car.司机由于使用假车牌而被捕。
9 registration
n.登记,注册,挂号
  • Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
  • What's your registration number?你挂的是几号?
10 pointed
adj.尖的,直截了当的
  • He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
  • She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。
11 fixed
adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的
  • Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗?
  • Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定,我们就不应该随意改变。
12 premium
n.加付款;赠品;adj.高级的;售价高的
  • You have to pay a premium for express delivery.寄快递你得付额外费用。
  • Fresh water was at a premium after the reservoir was contaminated.在水库被污染之后,清水便因稀而贵了。
13 celebrated
adj.有名的,声誉卓著的
  • He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
  • The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。
14 underneath
adj.在...下面,在...底下;adv.在下面
  • Working underneath the car is always a messy job.在汽车底下工作是件脏活。
  • She wore a coat with a dress underneath.她穿着一件大衣,里面套着一条连衣裙。
15 utensil
n.器皿,用具
  • The best carving utensil is a long, sharp, flexible knife.最好的雕刻工具是锋利而柔韧的长刻刀。
  • Wok is a very common cooking utensil in every Chinese family.炒菜锅是每个中国人家庭里很常用的厨房食用具。
16 utensils
器具,用具,器皿( utensil的名词复数 ); 器物
  • Formerly most of our household utensils were made of brass. 以前我们家庭用的器皿多数是用黄铜做的。
  • Some utensils were in a state of decay when they were unearthed. 有些器皿在出土时已经残破。
学英语单词
a forxa galicia
a niche in the temple of fame
abstinence of war
acme thread gauge
ad hockeries
air burst
alpi
amyl valerate
arm turn
b.n.f.jet test
Beatenberg
bobbin box
braver
bronze vessel
Cidocetine
clicking sound
cocked body
color coding
counter chaim
counter ring
cross-promotions
crystallization power
cylinder temperature
Delphinium cheilanthum
diabetes insipiduss
die entrance angle
dried full cream milk
drooker
electric pressure ga(u)ge
emergency trip header
encinal
equivalent principle
erament
exanthema leprosum
family amygdalaceaes
fed-ex
fedrilate
furacilin
Gama, I.
genus Paralithodes
gerald rudolph fords
gingivitis marginalis suppurative
glaucogenin
glavered
hack lever
hanwells
horizontal mixer
hydraudic chuck
imprison
inert diluent gas
infliction of body
kernel grammar
Laburnum alpinum
lamarckisms
larrousse
light casting
lycopodiaceae
magazine compact edition
Magnolia liliiflora
matrotroph
Medwin Pt.
metallurgy of ferrous metals
methyldihydromorphine
multiplex paralyses
Newcombe
Nuhaka
Palaecanthocephala
parameter tags
pendulum generator
percentage reduction of area
pitch selector
platynaspidius babai
premonitorily
pseudosematic color
Punnett square method
radix anterior nervorum spinalium
royl
sayall
shortest distance
Simkara
spearer
starch up
steam cured concrete
strollingly
sulfonated soybean oil
sympolar
tail-in
Taraxacum perplexans
tcheky
temperature indicator
the northwest
Timken Test
topological Abelian group
two-path circuit
unionization
untutoredly
vesicular exanthema of swine
water pheasant
wheat berries
wide angle aerial camera
wubbing
Zacharias