时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:雅思英语


英语课

   单词是阅读的基础,没有一定量的单词作为基础,就无法保证有一定的阅读速度.那么学习一些最基本的构词法知识,就非常重要了.


  虽然不是每一个单词都可以通过构词法解决掉,但是了解一些最常用的前缀,词根和后缀,并在背单词的过程中多思考,多练习,无疑在阅读过程中对生词就不抵触,可以使自己如虎添翼.先来测试一下自己的单词量吧.这里有10个单词,都是雅思阅读中的核心词汇,看看你认识几个:轻松说对6个的为达标,能说对8个的就视为优秀,当然10个全答对的同学自然很了不起.但是如果不达标的同学,也不用着急,在看完了我为你们准备的构词法核心表格之后,就可以轻松认知这下面的单词啦:
  collaborate/chronic/dictate/recall/incurable
  retrospect/anonymous/bilingual/thermometer/misbehave
  必备知识1:前缀变词意,后缀变词性
  在背记单词的时候,我们要了解到,一个单词的前缀决定这个单词词意,比如like(喜欢)和dislike(不喜欢),后缀决定这个单词的词性,比如 understand(v.理解)和understandable(adj.可以理解的)在雅思阅读中,很多时候考点词我们并不认识,但是可以通过前缀来辨别单词是否一致,或者抵触.(我们经常称为单词的方向为正向,或是负向);后缀我们可以判别单词的词性,利用最基本的知识:副词修饰动词和形容词,形容词修饰名词,我们在做填空题的时候不难利用横线前面单词的词性来推测出横线里面要填的单词的词性,从而在原文中缩小范围.比如...as a result of geographical_______ 我们知道后缀为-al的形容词后缀,因此横线中要填的一定为名词,那么名词的后缀又有-tion,-ity,-ness...答案从形式上先确定了,找起来就特别容易.说了这么多,让我们来看看下面这个单词:inescapable,是由前缀表相反的"in-以及形容词后缀"-able构成,中间余下的部分"escap"很容易看出是escape逃离的变体,所以这个单词是形容词,释义为不可逃避的,不可逃离的.
  必备知识2:一些必要的后缀(suffixes)
  n.代表名词 v.代表动词 adj.代表形容词 adv.代表副词
  -able,-ible,-ble,   adj.     understandable, believable
  -ate, v. activate 1, accelerate, validate 2
  -er, -or,   n.   teacher,director
  -fy, v.  notify,modify, diversify,classify
  -ic, -al,   adj.    historic, dramatic, musical,practical
  -ism,  n.    idealism, terrorism
  -ist,  n.    pacifist, activist 3, typist
  -ity, n.     possibility, humanity, curiosity, reality
  -ize, v.    realize, modernize,popularize
  -ness,  n.    happiness, shyness
  -oid, adj.   humanoid
  -ous, ious, ose,      adj.   poisonous, famous, precious,
  -tion, ation,n.   condition, translation
  必备知识3:一些必要的前缀(prefixes)
  a-,an-without, lacking, not, atypical, apolitical
  ab-    away from, abnormal, abuse
  bene-good,benefit, benefactor
  bi-     two          bicycle, bilingual, bilinguist
  circum-           around  circumstance
  com-,con-,col-, cor-,co-  together, with   cooperate, collaborate
  contra-     anti, against      contradict, by contrast, anti-war
  de-    down from, away         descend, dehydrate, deforestation
  dia-   through, across   diameter
  hyper-   above, beyond, excessive    hypermarket, hypersensitive
  hypo-under, beneath, down       hypothesis
  in-,im-, il-, ir-  in, into, oninject, insert,inspect
  in-,im-, il-, ir- in, not        irregular,illegal
  inter- between          international, interview, interrupt
  intro-, intra-,   within       introduce
  micro-             small        microwave, Microsoft
  mis-  wrong     misunderstand, misconception
  dis-,  not, opposite,          disconnect, disable, disagree
  non-  not            nonessential, nonsense,
  un-    not   unavailable, unknown, undeniable
  mono-             one, alone monologue, monopoly
  multi-many      multiple choice, multimedia, multitude
  peri-  around      perimeter
  poly- many         polytechnic school
  post- after       postgraduate, postpone=delay pre-   before        predict
  re-,retro-         back, againreplay, retrospect
  semi- half, partlysemiprivate, semi-detached
  sub-,suc-, suf-, sug, sup-,sus-  under            subway
  super-          above, greater, better superman
  syn-, sym-, syl-         with, togethersympathy
  trans-           across           transport, transmit
  tri- three             triangle, tripod
  ultra- beyond, excessive, extreme ultra-sound
  uni-one universe

vt.使活动起来,使开始起作用
  • We must activate the youth to study.我们要激励青年去学习。
  • These push buttons can activate the elevator.这些按钮能启动电梯。
vt.(法律)使有效,使生效
  • You need an official signature to validate the order.你要有正式的签字,这张汇票才能生效。
  • In order to validate the agreement,both parties sign it.为使协议有效,双方在上面签了字。
n.活动分子,积极分子
  • He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
  • He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。
标签: 雅思阅读
学英语单词
AAGC
Aeschynomene americana
Allium schoenoprasum L.
amalgam plugger
application-development language
artificial stocking
bandage gauze
bat ribbon
binary synchronous device data block
bind-days
boysen berry
Brissaud's dwarf
chemical anticarcinogenic drug
chemoconvulsant
cherryville
Chrysomelidae
concolor
counter sample
cupids
dichloramine
disodic alkaliine
drill-sharpening machine
Echogynography
ecotonal
electrochemistry at liquid-liquid interface
electronic sign
Entale
extraneous term
fenoxazoline
fine ream
foamed polystyrene chaplet
garage shop
genus epipactiss
genus Sagina
gleewoman
haroutounian
heteropolyanion
homotopy type invariant
hot-finished material
Idb-1016
idea champions
incomplete compaction
injurious weed
isolar
jet cutting car
junta
ketchuppy
leptosols
load bearing characteristic
magnetization curve
medicinal perfume
methyl-1-testosterone
Midgard, Midgarth
mikester
military characteristics
monkey bread
moon trefoils
motor timer
mulesing
multiple-reclosing breaker
nuclear-level density
off-set seismic operation
optical fiber source
oral traditions
overfarm
overparameterize
oximctry
parachute troops
partial cracking
piston ring groove cleaner
Ponte di Legno
portal-type frame
pre-established harmony
quicktongued
ranque
rascally
salvage and salvage charge
sharpness of vision
Ship's Sinking
sovann
spiroplasma
Spy Wednesday
stamate
teleprocessor
Theilman
thiocolchicine
thread fasteners
tibetan high
Tiedemann's nerve
to pop the question
Transdanubia
trial by media
unstainable
vapor compression refrigerating machine
vertimeter
VWAP
Waddingworth
West Midland
wet snow
wet-chemical technique
white walnuts
wood pattern