你是“勺形”还是“桥形”？站姿决定背痛与否

 　　Are you as straight-backed as a ballerina, or as hunched 1 as a dinosaur 2?

　　你的后背是像芭蕾舞演员一样直，还是像恐龙的后背那么弯？
　　Your 'posture 3 profile' can identify whether you will suffer from aches and pains in later life, the British Chiropractic Association has said.
　　英国脊椎治疗协会表明，从“侧面站姿”就能判断你是否会在以后遭受背痛折磨。
　　People whose heads lean forward are most likely to suffer back pain, its survey found. 英国脊椎治疗协会的调查表明，头向前倾的人更有可能罹患背痛。
　　Whether you are a 'spoon', 'bridge', 'leaning tower' or 'flat-pack' will determine your risk of having problems later.
　　“勺形”、“桥形”、“斜塔形”和“直背形”四种不同站姿将决定你在余生中患病的风险。
　　站姿决定背痛与否
　　While previous indicators 4 have focused on body shapes, with larger-breasted women and 'apple' shapes being seen as a warning sign, this new research shows posture could be key in preventing back pain.
　　此前研究多关注人体体型。如果女性的胸部较大，且拥有“苹果形”身材，就需多加警惕。而这项新研究表明，站姿对预防背痛至关重要。
　　A quarter of women suffer pain lasting 5 between one and three days starting at the relatively 6 young age of 34, the survey found.
　　调查发现，患有背痛且持续时间在1-3天的女性群体中，有四分之一的女性都在相对较早的34岁就开始背痛了。
　　'Leaning towers' - women whose heads lean forward - are most likely to report pain, with almost six in ten with this posture already suffering and three in ten having daily twinges.
　　“斜塔形”女性的头部前倾，此类女性患上背痛的可能性最高。“斜塔形”群体中，有接近十分之六的人已经罹患背痛，有十分之三的人遭受日常刺痛。
　　Being a 'bridge' with an arched back was the second worse posture, followed by a 'spoon' position with rounded shoulders but a flat back.
　　“桥形”是第二大不良站姿，后背呈拱形；“勺形”则是第三大不良站姿，后背挺直但双肩下塌。
　　And a change in posture can be far less demanding than a crash diet or boot camp-style exercise programme.
　　改变站姿可要比速成节食和新人集训简单得多。
　　'Flat pack' ladies, who keep their backs flat are the most likely to avoid pain with a fifth reporting they have never suffered back or neck aches in their lives.
　　“直背形”女士后背挺直，是罹患背痛可能性最低的人群。调查人群中，有五分之一的“直背形”女性表明，她们一生从未患有背痛和脖子痛。
　　Tim Hutchful, a registered chiropractor and member of the British Chiropractic Association, said women looking to stave off back pain should try to keep their head and ankles in line.
　　注册脊椎按摩师、英国脊椎治疗协会的成员蒂姆·哈区福称，想要预防背痛的女性可以试着将头部和脚踝保持在一条直线上。
　　He said: 'Rather than worrying about being an apple or an hourglass, we want people to think about what they look like from the side.
　　他说道：“我们关心的不是‘苹果形’和‘沙漏形’身材，而是想让人们想想他们的侧面是什么样的。”
　　'Paying closer attention to your body's side profile can really help to identify back or neck pain triggers.
　　“密切注意身体的侧面轮廓可以帮助你判断背痛和脖子痛的诱因。”
　　'The perfect posture should give you a neutral side-on appearance, with your ears, shoulders, hips 8, knees and ankles in line.
　　“完美的站姿应该能让你的侧面轮廓不偏不倚，双耳、双肩、臀部、膝盖和脚踝都处于同一条直线。”
　　'People who want to improve their back and neck pain symptoms through a better posture should try imagining they have a plumb 9 line hanging straight from their ears to ankles - with everything in the middle sitting on the same line.
　　“想要改变站姿缓解背痛和脖子痛的人可以试着想象从双耳垂直向下延伸出一条直线，直至脚踝，中间的所有部位都要处于这条直线上。”
　　'One way to do this is to try standing 10 in a relaxed way and then gently contracting the abdominal 11 muscles.
　　“要想达到这种效果，可以在放松站立时，缓缓地收腹。”
　　'When sitting, the gravity line should pass thorough ear, shoulder and hip 7.'
　　“坐下时，这条垂直线应从双耳经双肩直达臀部。”
　　Over 1,200 women were surveyed.
　　这项研究中，有超过1200位女性接受调查。
　　Vocabulary
　　stave off: 避开；延缓
　　abdominal: 腹部的