SSS 2011-10-12
时间：2019-01-08 作者：英语课 分类：Scientific American(十)月
英语课
This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Sophie Bushwick. Got a minute?
Jiminy Cricket may not actually hold the door open for his lady friends, but he can still be chivalrous 1: researchers from the University of Exeter discovered that when threatened by predators 2, a male field cricket will protect his mate by letting her enter their burrow 3 first. The work is published in the journal Current Biology.
Using microphones and infrared 4 cameras, researchers monitored a Spanish cricket population for three seasons. They identified each cricket with a tiny numbered nametag and a DNA 5 fingerprint 6 taken from a sample of its leg. This Big Brother scrutiny 7 revealed the details of cricket relationships, from their courtship time to how they conducted their affairs.
Previous studies of crickets' behavior examined them in a lab setting, where males acted aggressively towards other males and mates alike. In the wild, however, males still brawled 8 with rivals. But they formed long-term relationships by protecting, not dominating, their partners.
So why guard his gal 9? A gentlemanly cricket fosters a longer relationship, with more mating and more offspring. So chivalry 10 may not be dead—but it's not entirely 11 altruistic 12 either.
Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American's 60-Second Science, I'm Sophie Bushwick.
adj.武士精神的；对女人彬彬有礼的
- Men are so little chivalrous now.现在的男人几乎没有什么骑士风度了。
- Toward women he was nobly restrained and chivalrous.对于妇女，他表现得高尚拘谨，尊敬三分。
n.食肉动物( predator的名词复数 )；奴役他人者（尤指在财务或性关系方面）
- birds and their earthbound predators 鸟和地面上捕食它们的动物
- The eyes of predators are highly sensitive to the slightest movement. 捕食性动物的眼睛能感觉到最细小的动静。 来自《简明英汉词典》
vt.挖掘(洞穴)；钻进；vi.挖洞；翻寻；n.地洞
- Earthworms burrow deep into the subsoil.蚯蚓深深地钻进底土。
- The dog had chased a rabbit into its burrow.狗把兔子追进了洞穴。
adj./n.红外线(的)
- Infrared is widely used in industry and medical science.红外线广泛应用于工业和医学科学。
- Infrared radiation has wavelengths longer than those of visible light.红外辐射的波长比可见光的波长长。
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
- DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
- Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
n.指纹；vt.取...的指纹
- The fingerprint expert was asked to testify at the trial.指纹专家应邀出庭作证。
- The court heard evidence from a fingerprint expert.法院听取了指纹专家的证词。
n.详细检查，仔细观察
- His work looks all right,but it will not bear scrutiny.他的工作似乎很好，但是经不起仔细检查。
- Few wives in their forties can weather such a scrutiny.很少年过四十的妻子经得起这么仔细的观察。
打架，争吵( brawl的过去式和过去分词 )
- The river brawled over the rapids. 河水哗哗地流过湍滩。
- Two gangs of youths brawled on the dance floor of the ferry. 两伙青年在渡轮的舞池里打起来了。
n.姑娘，少女
- We decided to go with the gal from Merrill.我们决定和那个从梅里尔来的女孩合作。
- What's the name of the gal? 这个妞叫什么？
n.骑士气概，侠义；（男人）对女人彬彬有礼，献殷勤
- The Middle Ages were also the great age of chivalry.中世纪也是骑士制度盛行的时代。
- He looked up at them with great chivalry.他非常有礼貌地抬头瞧她们。
ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地
- The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
- His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。
adj.无私的，为他人着想的
- It is superficial to be altruistic without feeling compassion.无慈悲之心却说利他，是为表面。
- Altruistic spirit should be cultivated by us vigorously.利他的精神是我们应该努力培养的。