SSS 2009-02-11
时间：2019-01-08 作者：英语课 分类：Scientific American(二)月
This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Christie Nicholson . Got a minute?
The lure 1 of gambling 2 clearly comes from the chance of winning. But how exciting is it to almost win? A study in the February 12th issue of the journal Neuron looked at gambler’s brains’ reactions to “near misses,” such as when you get two cherries out of three at a slot machine. While gamblers describe near misses as more unpleasant than full misses, almost winning significantly increased the desire to keep gambling.
Fifteen subjects underwent brain scans as they gambled. Near misses activated 3 the brains’ ventral striatum and anterior 4 insula areas, which were also activated during random 5 wins. The insula has been associated with drug craving 6 and other addictive 7 behaviors.
Interestingly, this effect only happened when gamblers had control of the lever. The inverse 8 occurred when a computer took control. In that case, the near misses significantly demotivated the gambler to keep playing, and it was the complete misses that kept momentum 9 alive. So next time, when you nearly get three cherries and you’re hyped up to try again, remember this is not like working on your golf swing—your odds 10 at the slot machine don’t get better with practice.
Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Christie Nicholson.
- Life in big cities is a lure for many country boys.大城市的生活吸引着许多乡下小伙子。
- He couldn't resist the lure of money.他不能抵制金钱的诱惑。
- They have won a lot of money through gambling.他们赌博赢了很多钱。
- The men have been gambling away all night.那些人赌了整整一夜。
- We've already finished the work anterior to the schedule.我们已经提前完成了工作。
- The anterior part of a fish contains the head and gills.鱼的前部包括头和鳃。
- The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
- On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。
- a craving for chocolate 非常想吃巧克力
- She skipped normal meals to satisfy her craving for chocolate and crisps. 她不吃正餐，以便满足自己吃巧克力和炸薯片的渴望。
- The problem with video game is that they're addictive.电子游戏机的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。
- Cigarettes are highly addictive.香烟很容易使人上瘾。
- Evil is the inverse of good.恶是善的反面。
- When the direct approach failed he tried the inverse.当直接方法失败时，他尝试相反的做法。
- We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
- The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。