沙特阿拉伯成为第一个向机器人授予公民资格的国家

Saudi Arabia Is First Country to Give Citizenship 1 to Robot

Saudi Arabia says it has become the first country in the world to grant citizenship to a robot.

沙特自称已经成为全球首个授予机器人公民身份的国家。

The female robot’s name is Sophia. She was recently introduced at a large investment conference in the Saudi capital, Riyadh.

这位女机器人的名字是索菲亚。她最近在沙特首都的一场大型投资会议上被介绍出来。

Sophia was presented as an example of how robot technology and artificial intelligence will make machines more human-like in the future.

索菲亚被当做机器人技术和人工智能如何使得机器在未来更加接近人类的一个例子。

The announcement was made as Sophia was taking part in a group discussion in front of a crowd. The leader of the discussion was journalist Andrew Ross Sorkin. He informed Sophia of the Saudi government’s decision.

这一消息是在索菲亚公开参加一场小组讨论时宣布的。这次讨论的负责人是记者安德鲁·罗斯·索尔金（Andrew Ross Sorkin）。他向索菲亚通报了沙特政府的这一决定。

“We have a little announcement. We just learned, Sophia - I hope you are listening to me - you have been awarded the first Saudi citizenship for a robot,” Sorkin said. The robot then responded.

索尔金说：“我们有消息要公布。我们刚刚了解到，索菲亚 — 我希望你在听我说 — 你已经获得了首个沙特机器人国籍。”这个机器人然后做出了回应。

“I want to thank very much the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. I am very honored and proud for this unique distinction. It is historic to be the first robot in the world to be recognized with a citizenship.”

索菲亚说：“我非常感谢沙特王国。对于这一独一无二的荣誉，我感到非常荣幸和自豪。成为全球首位获得公民身份的机器人极具历史意义。”

Sophia was built by Hong Kong-based Hanson Robotics. The company’s founder 2, David Hanson, says his goal is to create robots that look and act very much like humans.

索菲亚是由总部位于香港的汉森机器人公司制造。该公司创始人戴维·汉森（David Hanson）表示，他的目标是制造外观和行为都非常接近人类的机器人。

Sophia demonstrated how she can change facial expressions to show human-like feelings such as anger, sadness or disappointment.

索菲亚展示了如何改变面部表情，表达出类似愤怒、悲伤或失望的人类情绪。

In an explanation on his company’s website, Hanson says the realistic design is intended to allow robots to form meaningful relationships with humans.

汉森在其公司网站上的一份解释中表示，这种逼真设计是为了让机器人和人类形成有意义的关系。

“So that you care about the robots. And as we develop artificial intelligence, the robots will care about you.”

他说：“这样你就会关心机器人。正如我们开发人工智能，机器人就会关心你。”

He added that together, “man and machine will create a better future for the world.” During her appearance, Sophia said she shared the same goal.

他补充说，两者结合起来，“人类和机器就会为世界创造出更美好的未来。”索菲亚在露面期间也说，这也是她的目标。

"I want to use my artificial intelligence to help humans live a better life. Like design smarter homes, build better cities of the future, etc. I will do my best to make the world a better a place."

索菲亚说：“我想用我的人工智能帮助人类过上更好的生活，这就像是设计更智能的家园，建造更美好的未来城市等等。我会尽我所能让世界变得更美好。”

Saudi Arabia’s government confirmed Sophia’s citizenship approval in a statement. But officials did not provide specific information about what rights the robot would have.

沙特政府在一份声明中证实了索菲亚的公民身份。但是有关官员并没有详细说明该机器人将会具备什么权利。

Some people criticized the move, noting that Saudi Arabian women must follow many strict Islamic laws. They questioned, for example, whether Sophia – who has no hair - would be required to cover her head in public or keep other woman-only rules.

有人对此举提出了批评，指出沙特妇女必须遵守许多严格的伊斯兰法律。他们质疑，没有头发的索菲亚是否需要在公共场合佩戴头巾，是否需要遵守其它女性特有规定。

Moudi Aljohani is a U.S.-based Saudi feminist 3 who tweeted: “I’m wondering if robot Sophia can leave Saudi Arabia without her guardian 4 consent! Since she’s officially Saudi.”

Moudi Aljohani 是一位美国的沙特女权主义者。她发推说：“既然机器人索菲亚是正式的沙特人，我想知道她是否可以在不征得监护人同意的情况下离开沙特。”

One Saudi woman told Reuters if the government is giving citizenship to a robot, her daughter should also get it.

一位沙特妇女对路透社表示，如果政府赋予机器人公民身份，那么她的女儿也该获得公民身份。

Hadeel Shaikh has a four-year-old child with a Lebanese man, but her daughter does not have citizenship. Women married to foreigners in Saudi Arabia cannot pass on citizenship to their children. “It hit a sore spot that a robot has citizenship and my daughter doesn’t,” Shaikh said.

Hadeel Shaikh跟一位黎巴嫩男子有一个四岁的女儿，但是她的女儿没有公民身份。嫁给外国人的沙特女性不能把公民身份传给子女。Shaikh表示，“这说到了我的痛处，机器人都有公民身份，我的女儿却没有。

In recent months, Saudi Arabia’s leaders have announced policy changes to extend more rights to women. These include plans to allow women to drive and to attend events at all-male sports stadiums.

近几个月来，沙特领导人已经宣布了一些扩大女性权利的政策改革，其中包括计划允许女性驾车，以及出席在男性专属体育场举行的活动。

Sophia was asked about fears that artificial intelligence could end up making robots a threat to humans, as shown in movies such as “Blade Runner 2049.” Her response also hit back at SpaceX and Tesla chief Elon Musk 5, who has warned of such dangers.

索菲亚被问到了人们对人工智能最终会使机器人对人类构成威胁的担忧，就像电影《银翼杀手2049》中展示的那样。她的回应也回击了警告过这类危险的SpaceX和特斯拉公司首席执行官马斯克。

“You’ve been reading too much Elon Musk and watching too many Hollywood movies. Don’t worry, if you’re nice to me I’ll be nice to you. Treat me as a smart input 6/output system."

索菲亚说：“你看了太多马斯克的说法，看过太多好莱坞电影。但是别担心，如果你对我友善，我也会友善对你。把我当作一种聪明的输入/输出系统就好了。”

Musk responded to Sophia’s answer on Twitter, suggesting it may not be that easy to prevent dangerous robots. “Just feed it ‘The Godfather’ movies as input. What’s the worst that could happen?” he asked.

马斯克在推特上回应了索菲亚的答复，暗示防止危险的机器人可能并不那么容易。马斯克问到：“把《教父》这部电影输入进去，最坏的情况会发生什么？”

I’m Bryan Lynn.

Words in This Story

artificial intelligence – n. the development of computers to perform intelligence-related tasks without human involvement

unique – adj. very special or unusual

distinction – n. special honor, recognition, or award

disappointment – n. the state of feeling bad because something did not happen as expected

consent – n. permission for someone to do something

sore – adj. causing emotional pain, disagreement or anger