经济学人:本周经济要闻19

 　　The world this week-Business 本周经济要闻

　　General Electric won its battle to buy Alstom's energy businesses,  通用电气赢得了争购阿尔斯通能源业务的战斗，
　　but only after it substantially altered its bid and gave a commitment to keep Alstom's base and workforce 1 in France.  但前提是通用电气需大大改变其报价，并承诺保留阿尔斯通在法国的基地和就业岗位。
　　The French government is taking a 20% stake in Alstom as part of the rejigged 17 billion acquisition, GE's biggest.  作为重新调整的高达170亿美元并购案的一部分，法国政府占有阿尔斯通20%的股份，而通用电气是其最大股东。
　　GE's initial proposal was accepted by Alstom's board but rejected by Franois Hollande's government as a threat to the national interest.  阿尔斯通公司董事会接受了通用电气的初始投标，但弗朗索瓦?奥朗德政府以威胁国家利益为由反对该项交易。
　　A potential spoiler offer for Alstom had also emerged from Siemens and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. 西门子公司和三菱重工则是潜在的阿尔斯通收购案搅局者。
　　Demolition 2 job 自毁工作
　　Dubai's stockmarket fell by almost 7% on June 24th, extending a six-week slump 3.  迪拜股市在6月24日重挫7%，延续长达了6周的不景气。
　　Property companies account for 31% of the index and investors 4 are nervous about the management and direction of Dubai's biggest construction firm,  房地产公司占该指数31%，投资者们担心迪拜最大建筑公司，
　　Arabtec, which built the Burj Khalifa skyscraper 5.  阿拉伯特科的管理和方向问题。
　　Arabtec's share price has plunged 6 this month, though it was lifted on June 25th by reassurances 7 that its restructuring would cut costs, prompting a rally in the stockmarket. 该公司建造了哈里发塔摩天大楼。本月阿拉伯特科公司股票暴跌，虽然该公司股价曾因其再三保证公司改组以降低成本而在6月25号上升，促使其股市反弹。
　　Etihad, a global airline based in Abu Dhabi, came to the rescue of Alitalia, Italy's loss-making national carrier, which was facing bankruptcy,  总部位于阿布扎比的阿提哈德航空公司，来拯救亏损的意大利国有航空公司，
　　by agreeing to buy a 49% holding.  后者正面临破产。阿提哈德公司同意购买49%股份。
　　The deal is Etihad's eighth stake in a foreign airline. 该项交易是提哈德公司第八次入股外国航空公司。
　　New York state's attorney-general brought charges against Barclays for allegedly  纽约州总检察官指控巴克莱涉嫌在安全措施上
　　lying to investors about its safeguards to protect them from predatory high-frequency traders in the bank's dark-pool investments.  欺骗投资者，这些安全措施是为了保护投资者避免掠夺性高频投资者在银行暗池投资方面的侵害。
　　These allow portfolio 8 managers to shift sizeable positions in shares anonymously 9.  这些运行股票经理以匿名方式在股票中转变相当大的位置。
　　New York has warned of a clampdown on high-speed trading. 纽约已经警告要取缔高速交易。
　　America's economy shrank by 2.9% at an annual rate in the first three months of the year, according to a final official estimate,  根据最终的官方统计，按年利率计算，美国经济萎缩了2.9%。
　　the biggest contraction 10 in GDP since the first quarter of 2009.  这是自2009年一季度以来最大的GDP萎缩。
　　A notably 11 harsh winter is said to have depressed 12 spending and investment, but exports also suffered. 据称，这个显著严酷的冬天抑制了支出和投资，出口也受其影响。
　　Turkey's central bank cut its main interest rate by three-quarters of a percentage point, to 8.75%.  土耳其中央银行下调主要利率0.75%，至8.75%。
　　This followed a half-point cut last month that was described as a joke by the prime minister, Recep Tayyip Erdogan,  紧随着上个月被总理雷杰普?塔伊普?埃尔多安称之为一个笑话的降息0.5%。总理埃尔多安向银行施压，
　　who has put pressure on the bank to do more to boost economic growth. 要求其采取措施促进经济增长。
　　There was some scratching of heads in the City after Mark Carney, the governor of the Bank of England,  在国央行行长马克?卡尼试图通过指出正不断增长的英国经济的弱点来
　　sought to dampen expectations of an interest-rate rise by pointing out the weak spots in the growing British economy.  寻求抑制提升利率期望后，伦敦就有点摸不着头脑了。
　　Mr Carney had earlier given a strong signal that the central bank would raise rates this year for the first time since 2009.  较早前，卡尼先生发出强烈信号，即自2009年以来，中央银行将在今年首次提高利率。
　　Markets are still betting on that happening, though a senior Conservative MP has remarked that Mr Carney likes to give quite a lot of guidance,  市场仍在这件事上押宝，虽然一位资深保守党议员评论，卡尼先生喜欢给许许多多的指示，
　　not all of it seeming to point in the same direction. 看起来并不是所有的指示都朝一个方向。
　　Meanwhile, the bank's Financial Policy Commitee introduced new guidelines to curb 13 excessive mortgage lending in Britain's housing market.  与此同时，银行的金融政策委员会出台了新指导措施，以遏制英国房地产市场过度的按揭贷款。
　　It said household debt did not pose an immediate 14 threat to economic stability, but it was taking action to stop it from rising much further. 它说，家庭债务并没有立即威胁经济稳定，但金融政策委员会正采取措施，以防止其进一步恶化。
　　Inversion 15 method 反演方法
　　Shire, a British drug company, rejected a 27 billion bid from AbbVie,  一家英国制药公司，夏尔，拒绝了美国竞争对手艾伯维公司高达270亿英镑的投标。
　　an American rival, in the latest instance of an unsolicited takeover approach from a cash-rich American company  这是这家资金充裕的美国公司寻求在企业税率较低国家
　　seeking to establish business in a country with a lower corporate-tax rate.  建立商业的最新的不请自来的并购方式。
　　Shire itself is domiciled in Ireland. 夏尔公司总部位于爱尔兰。
　　A crippling five-month strike by platinum 16 miners in South Africa was declared to be over when the biggest union signed a wage deal with the mining companies.  在南非，当最大的工会和矿业公司签订工资协议后，由铂矿工发起的长达五个月的严重罢工宣布结束。
　　It was the most expensive strike to hit South Africa, resulting in a combined 2 billion in lost revenues for the biggest firms. 这是发生在南非最昂贵的罢工，导致了最大的公司总计20亿美元的收入损失。
　　The war of words continued between Dov Charney, the ousted 17 boss of American Apparel, and the board that sacked him.  被赶下台的美国服饰老板多夫查尼和赶他下台的董事会之间的口水战在继续上演。
　　Mr Charney has faced allegations from female employees of inappropriate conduct.  查尼先生面临女性员工指控其不当行为。
　　The company has also run up a pile of debt and sales have slackened.  该公司还积欠着一堆债务并且销售放缓。
　　But Mr Charney has pledged to fight his dismissal, accusing the board of being hateful. He owns 27% of the company. 但是查尼先生发誓为免职维权，指责董事会行为可恶。他拥有该公司股权的27%。
　　In a victory for television and cable networks,  在这次传统电视和有限网络的胜利中，
　　America's Supreme 18 Court ruled that a streaming service run by Aereo that uses tiny antennae 19 to divert TV programmes to computers and phones violates copyright laws. 美国最高法院裁定由天空公司运营的使用微型天线转变电视节目到电脑和手机的流媒体服务违反了版权法。
　　The Yo rider 哟，新骑手
　　Yo, a messaging app through which people can send only a one-word text—Yo—was downloaded 1m times in just a few days on the back of publicity 20 about it being hacked 21.  哟，一个消息应用程序，通过它人们可以传递仅有一个字的信息—哟—紧随着被曝遭黑客攻击后的几天内，下载了一百万次。
　　Investors have reportedly stumped 22 up 1m in startup funding for the business. 据说，投资者为该项生意拿出1百万美元起始资金。