时间:2018-12-27 作者:英语课 分类:英语时差8,16


英语课

Mammals developed from land-based reptiles 1 two hundred million years ago, and most of the mammals we see today are still land based. A notable exception are the  cetaceans, which we all know as dolphins and whales. How did they move from land to sea? The ancestor of modern whales moved into the water about fifty-two million years ago. One whale fossil,about forty million years old, provides an interesting snapshot from this gradual change. This early whale fossil had rudimentary legs growing from its sides. These were puny 2 compared to the bulk of the whale, so they were probably vestigial, in the slow process of disappearing. Moving from land to salt water requires more changes than simply trading in legs for fins 3, however. For example, the kidney of a modern whale allows it to drink salt water, but early whales must have been restricted to fresh water like other mammals. Scientists have recently discovered that this important kidney change happened about forty eight million years ago to a whale called Indocetus. Kidneys don't leave behind fossils like bones do, so how can these scientists be sure? The answer comes from the ancient whales' tooth enamel 4. Oxygenin an animal's tooth records information about the type of water they drank. The very earliest proto-whales had tooth enamel that indicated a fresh water diet.They probably lived in rivers, or at least returned to rivers to drink. Indocetus, however, had teeth that indicated a salt water diet. This means it had specialized 5 kidneys, and was probably the first mammal to swim the open ocean. That's a lot of information from some old teeth!



1 reptiles
n.爬行动物,爬虫( reptile的名词复数 )
  • Snakes and crocodiles are both reptiles. 蛇和鳄鱼都是爬行动物。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Birds, reptiles and insects come from eggs. 鸟类、爬虫及昆虫是卵生的。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
2 puny
adj.微不足道的,弱小的
  • The resources at the central banks' disposal are simply too puny.中央银行掌握的资金实在太少了。
  • Antonio was a puny lad,and not strong enough to work.安东尼奥是个瘦小的小家伙,身体还不壮,还不能干活。
3 fins
[医]散热片;鱼鳍;飞边;鸭掌
  • The level of TNF-α positively correlated with BMI,FPG,HbA1C,TG,FINS and IRI,but not with SBP and DBP. TNF-α水平与BMI、FPG、HbA1C、TG、FINS和IRI呈显著正相关,与SBP、DBP无相关。 来自互联网
  • Fins are a feature specific to fish. 鱼鳍是鱼类特有的特征。 来自辞典例句
4 enamel
n.珐琅,搪瓷,瓷釉;(牙齿的)珐琅质
  • I chipped the enamel on my front tooth when I fell over.我跌倒时门牙的珐琅质碰碎了。
  • He collected coloured enamel bowls from Yugoslavia.他藏有来自南斯拉夫的彩色搪瓷碗。
5 specialized
adj.专门的,专业化的
  • There are many specialized agencies in the United Nations.联合国有许多专门机构。
  • These tools are very specialized.这些是专用工具。
学英语单词
acetylenedicarboxylic acid
Afrikanerisms
ascending factor
atory
battery limit
beam selector circuit
big-boys
blast furnace mixer
blasting gelatin(e)
bracing member
Brackett's probes
candelas
capital offence
careen grid
carpenters levelrule
Castanopsis sclerophylla
catch rays
Charge for Endorsement
Christopher Lee
clear accumulator instruction
contract of bailment
coordinates in space
couba
crouching tiger
damasquin
design criterion
dewaal
digipaks
direct the attention of to
dorsoflexions
double beater
elenchizes
end wall tunnel portal
Ermalate
fetal circulation
floating failure
floating release
flora axis
fructus torilis anthrisci
fuel mixture control
gasoline casing head
glaciere
gorwitz
hand picking
hopper-shaped bottom
hour of observation
HsuchuangianAge
incremental development
insuccations
interferometer
limnicolous
machine storage pool
MCAB
mesentery injury
metaspilite
multi-words
musico
neoitamus rubripes
neonotonia wightii
Nieuwersluis
osmophhe
pantamide
Parametorchis
paste list
patoot
Peter Behrens
photodisruption
photographic transmission density
photopic curve
picrosarmine
playfish
pneumatic printing
poleax, poleaxed
pregnane derivatives
project approach
projection oscillograph
Q factor (quality factory)
radiant flux density
reaction injection molding
reconciliation of reciprocal accounts
retinal illuminance
Rhododendron sutchuenense
rockview
schanz
shipbuilding slip
signalling alphabet
site ranking
smt (surface mount technique)
sporangiolum
St. Vitus's dance
stream flow gaging
styrene dielectric cable
subsidiary resources
target component
thin-skinnedly
time-length standard
unaugurate
vendemiaires
Vernonia maritima
videoendoscopy
width of road