人教全日制普通高中英语（必修）高二下16-20听力

[00:02.00]全日制普高英语(必修)高二(下)

[00:03.00]Senior English 2B

[00:11.71]Unit 16 The United States of America

[00:16.00]Listening

[00:17.22]1.Wangxiao has taken notes from a radio programme about New York city.

[00:22.94]She has made some mistakes.

[00:24.70]Listen to Part 1 and correct the errors in her notes.

[00:28.62]New York is built on a group of islands on the east coast of the USA

[00:33.69]at a point where several rivers flow into the ocean.

[00:37.36]The first Westerner to discover these islands was an Ital- ian explorer in 1524

[00:44.13]In 1626 the island of Manhattan was bought from local Indians,

[00:50.01]Native Americans, for a handful of goods worth about $24.

[00:55.56]Today Native Americans express anger of this unfair business deal.

[01:01.13]After the War of Independence ended,

[01:03.66]New York became the capital of the USA for a short time (1789-1790)

[01:10.97]before Washington DC

[01:13.01]By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125,000,

[01:20.14]making it the largest city in the USA.

[01:23.36]In 1858 an area of poor housing, factor- ies and farm buildi- ng was torn down

[01:30.47]and Central Park was created,

[01:32.88]reaching from 59th Street to 110th Street and across the avenues.

[01:38.41]There is space for summer picnic, open-air concerts, plays and games.

[01:43.80]Central Park also has a zoo,an art museum,a boating lake

[01:49.19]and in winter,an ice-skating area.

[01:52.79]2.Listen to part 1 again,and answer the following questions.

[01:59.03]3.Listen to Part 2 and choose the best answers for the questions below.

[02:05.04]In 1892 the age of mass arrivals began,

[02:09.43]during which 15 million new people passed through Ellis Island into the USA

[02:15.39]over a period of 62 years.

[02:18.19]Today Ellis Island is a museum,

[02:21.26]showing the roots of America's new citizens,

[02:24.36]who came from all the corners of the earth.

[02:26.99]Officials used to have trouble with the foreign names of people

[02:30.46]passing through Ellis Island

[02:32.21]and because they were so busy,many people's names got changed in the rush.

[02:37.61]People who wanted to enter the USA

[02:40.39]had to go through a number of mental and physical tests

[02:44.43]and about two million people were turned away.

[02:47.55]Thus Ellis Island became known as the "Island of Tears".

[02:52.17]New York never sleeps.

[02:54.33]The subway runs 24 hours a day,

[02:57.48]and there are all-night cinemas, bars and restaurants

[03:01.38]Some people think that the weather is unpleasant,the city ugly and dirty,

[03:06.73]the competition fierce and the streets unsafe.

[03:10.40]It is a city in a hurry,but a very exciting place to be.

[03:19.26]Workbook Unit 16

[03:22.79]Listening

[03:23.70]Wang Bing is back to China after his visit to the States.

[03:27.33]Here he is talking to Jane about his experiences.

[03:30.88]1.Listen to the tape to get a general idea

[03:34.66]what surprised Wang Bing when he arrived in the States?

[03:37.82]Tick the correct answers.

[03:39.49]J:What's it like living in the States?

[03:42.02]W:Well,I'm surprised that the number of different ethnics there.

[03:45.90]J:What exactly do you mean?

[03:47.67]W:I thought that Americans were, well,American and spoke English.

[03:52.87]But when I got there I found people from all over the world.

[03:56.25]J:Can you give me some examples?

[03:58.14]W:Yes.There are a lot of people from central America speak Spanish.

[04:03.13]They came to the States because they could earn more money there.

[04:06.51]Then there are a lot of black people.

[04:08.57]The first blacks were brought as slaves from Africa, you know,

[04:12.70]and worked mainly in the south.

[04:14.72]But now they live all over the country

[04:17.23]J:Any others?

[04:18.33]W:Yes,there are a lot of Jews.

[04:20.67]Many of them traveled to the States in the 1930s,

[04:23.58]when there was no longer safe for Jews to live in Europe.

[04:26.59]J:What other ethnics did you notice?

[04:29.22]W:There are a lot of people from eastern and central Europe,

[04:32.74]and also from Ireland.

[04:34.14]A lot of Irish traveled to the States in the 1840s,

[04:37.43]when the potato harvests in Ireland' s field.

[04:40.14]J:Any others? W:Yes. There are lots of Greeks and lots of Chinese.

[04:45.31]You can eat food from all over the world in the States.

[04:48.44]I also met some Indians,who are native Americans.

[04:51.81]They were the first people to live in America

[04:54.12]before the European settlers arrived.

[04:56.54]Some of them live in special parts of the country,

[04:59.27]where they continue their own way of life.

[05:01.97]J:Wow!It sounds I can meet people from almost any country in the USA

[05:07.42]W:Yes,you can. And you can eat food from all over the world.

[05:12.56]2.Listen to the tape again,pay attention to the following different groups

[05:17.88]Wang Bing talks about and complete the form below.

[05:26.90]Unit 17 Disabilities

[05:30.81]Listening

[05:31.88]1.Listen to John talk about his life in part 1

[05:36.09]and answer the questions below.

[05:38.15]John is 15 and is in a wheelchair.He can't move his legs at all.

[05:43.92]Despite his disability,

[05:45.99]John is able to live a more or less normal life.

[05:49.20]Now,listen to John talking about his life at home.

[05:53.16]John:Getting out of bed in the morning is difficult for everyone I think.

[05:56.91]Nobody want to get up and leave a comfortable bed really.

[06:00.54]For me,getting out of bed is even more difficult.

[06:04.25]In fact,if I didn't have someone to help me,

[06:07.26]I might not be able to get out of bed at all.

[06:09.98]My mom or dad has to help me.

[06:12.37]They help me get dressed and lift me into my wheelchair.

[06:15.67]Oh,I do know how to put on my clothes,

[06:18.72]but it takes much longer if I do it myself.

[06:21.15]Once I am in my wheelchair,I can get around and do whatever I want.

[06:25.77]Of course,some places are difficult to get to when you are in a wheelchair

[06:29.88]Our house used to be pretty bad.

[06:32.11]The doors were too narrow and all the desks,tables,

[06:35.94]and shelves were too high.

[06:37.85]Now,my parents have rebuilt the house.

[06:41.01]So it's easier for me to take care of myself.

[06:43.65]We moved the shelves so I can get stuff from the cupboards.

[06:47.28]And my dad and I built the box

[06:49.59]I can roll onto when I want to cook in the kitchen.

[06:53.13]We also put some boards over the stairs in front of our house,

[06:56.53]so that I can come and go as I please.

[06:59.94]2.Listen to part 2 and tick the obstacles that John mentions

[07:05.13]and explain why they make his life difficult.

[07:07.85]John is telling you about his life outside his house.

[07:11.93]John:Outside my house,it is more difficult to get around.

[07:15.48]People just don't think about wheelch- airs when they build houses and cities.

[07:19.69]For example,most streets have a high sidewalk.

[07:23.44]So it's almost impossible for me to cross the street.

[07:26.74]My school is OK but there is no elevator so I can't get to the second floor.

[07:32.84]When I go shopping, there are always lots of problems.

[07:36.80]How do you ride an escalator in a wheelchair?

[07:39.33]There are some stores I can't even get into.

[07:42.07]Because you have to climb up a few stairs to get in.

[07:45.04]And don't even mention fast food restaurants,

[07:48.01]most of them have small plastic seats that you can't move,

[07:51.98]so there's no place for me to put my wheelchair.

[07:54.61]At least the park in my neighbourhood is easy to get into.

[07:57.55]My friends talk to the people at the park

[07:59.86]and I can now go there to play basketball and hang out with my friends.

[08:03.64]Oh,are you surprised to hear that I play basketball?I play soccer too!

[08:08.10]The next time you are in my town we can play some basketball,

[08:10.82]we'll see who's the best player.

[08:17.09]Workbook Unit 17 Listening

[08:21.01]1.Listen to part 1 of the tape,

[08:23.82]and choose the best answers to the following questions.

[08:27.12]Many people have heard of the Braille System of reading for the blind.

[08:31.51]But few people know why it is called the Braille System

[08:35.44]or who Louis Braille was.

[08:37.72]In the year 1812, Louis Braille was a very small boy,

[08:41.80]he lived in a small town in France.

[08:44.11]Louis's father had a shop in which he made things of leather.

[08:47.74]One day,Louis was playing in his father's shop,

[08:50.71]and picked up a small tool with a very sharp point.

[08:53.92]Louis fell,the point of the tool entered his eye

[08:57.32]and later he became blind in both eyes.

[09:00.11]Although he was then only seven or eight years old, Louis had to walk with a stick

[09:05.19]so as to feel where he was going.

[09:07.20]A few years later, Louis went to a special school for the blind in Paris.

[09:11.97]There he learnt to read,

[09:13.67]that is,he learnt to recognize the letters by feeling them with his fingers.

[09:18.41]But the letters were several inches high and several inches wide,

[09:22.26]this was naturally not a very good system of reading.

[09:25.41]Later on,Louis became a teacher in this same school.

[09:28.97]He wanted to find a better system of reading for the blind.

[09:32.54]But it was not easy.

[09:33.71]One day he was sitting in a restaurant with a friend,

[09:36.65]who was reading a newspaper to him.

[09:38.44]The friend read an article about a French captain

[09:41.75]who had a system of writing which he could use in the dark,

[09:44.98]he called it "night writing".

[09:46.61]In this "night writing",the captain used a system of circles and lines.

[09:51.82]The circles and lines were raised on the paper,

[09:54.76]so that the person could feel them with his fingers.

[09:57.58]When Louis heard about it,he became very excited.

[10:00.71]"At last,I find an answer to the problem of the blind

[10:04.18]now blind people can be free!"

[10:06.66]2.Listen to part 1 again and answer the questions below.

[10:11.34]3.Listen to part 2 of the tape and complete the tasks below.

[10:16.00]Braille characters are made up of six dots,

[10:19.40]the dots are arranged in two columns and numbered from 1 to 6.

[10:24.30]The dot on the top left corner is number 1,the one below it is number 2

[10:29.62]and the bottom one is number 3;

[10:31.69]the dot on the top right corner is number 4,and so on.

[10:35.62]Each letter of the alphabet can be written with a character.

[10:38.93]The letter A,for example,is written with the number 1 dot,

[10:42.75]the one on the top left corner.

[10:44.59]The letter D is made up of dots 1,4 and 5

[10:48.70]You can also write numbers and other marks.

[10:51.40]For example,a period which is written with dots 2, 5 and 6

[10:56.11]Sometimes,short forms of words or word parts can be used.

[11:00.66]There are characters for words such as "and" and "the",

[11:04.73]and word parts such as "ed" and "ing".

[11:09.65]Here are some more letters and characters.

[11:11.75]Take notes as you listen,

[11:13.46]and then use your notes to find out what the words in the workbook are.

[11:17.84]e,dots 1 and 5; l, dots 1,2 and 3; n, dots 1,3,4 and 5; o, dots 1,3 and 5;

[11:31.24]w,dots 2,4,5 and 6.

[11:40.65]Unit 18 Inventions

[11:43.70]Listening

[11:44.78]Listen to the dialogue on the tape and answer the questions below.

[11:48.82]Dialogue 1 At the patent office

[11:52.49]P:Good morning. J: Good morning.

[11:54.86]My name is Frank Jones and I have a great idea for a new invention.

[11:58.44]P:I see.Can you explain what it is?

[12:01.10]J:Yes,.Oh it's great!It's an invention that will change the world.

[12:05.27]Listen:Cars and buses are good means of transportation, right?

[12:09.25]But they are expensive and noisy, and they pollute the air.

[12:12.65]Imagine a new means of transportation

[12:15.07]that lets people travel without a sound,

[12:17.46]that doesn't need any fuel,and that doesn't pollute the air.

[12:21.17]P:Hmm,sounds interesting.Go on, please.

[12:24.92]J:Well,my invention is a vehicle with two wheels instead of four.

[12:29.18]It doesn't have an engine;

[12:31.01]instead,you simply push these things here with your feet.

[12:35.02]P:Ah,excuse me,but perhaps...

[12:37.75]J:No,no,look!You can use it to go to work,

[12:41.08]and it is so small that you won't have any problems finding a place to park.

[12:44.63]And it is cheap -- less than three thousand yuan!

[12:47.97]Isn't it great?You also get exercise by riding it and it' s fun.

[12:52.42]P:Excuse me! J:And best of all,it ... what?

[12:55.88]P:I'm sorry,Mr Jones but I can't give you a patent for this invention.

[13:00.34]Dialogue 2

[13:02.11]B:Good morning. My name is Jack Butler.

[13:05.34]I'd like to tell you about my new invention.

[13:07.76]P:OK.Please explain what it is and how it works.

[13:11.06]B:Sure.I've been working on this idea for a long time

[13:14.68]and it's finally ready.

[13:16.14]I got the idea when I saw a woman

[13:18.19]carrying her bags home from the supermarket.

[13:20.50]I noticed that the bags were so heavy

[13:22.86]that she had to stop and rest several times on the way.

[13:26.14]Now,I've had the same problem,too, and I thought I'd do something about it.

[13:31.04]P:So how did you solve this problem?

[13:32.93]B:Ah,it's quite simple,really.

[13:34.90]We all know that things float in water,right?

[13:37.92]P:Yes,but I don't see how...

[13:40.15]B:So I've built these large buckets, see,

[13:43.12]and all you have to do is put your bags in the buckets and they will float.

[13:47.50]No more carrying those heavy old bags.

[13:50.14]They'll just float along.

[13:51.71]P:Yes,but...

[13:52.70]B:Oh,I know,I know, you're wondering "well,won't the groceries get wet?"

[13:57.40]Don't worry,I've thought of that.

[13:59.87]Just tie the bags up before you put them in the buckets

[14:02.92]or use these special bags that come with the buckets.

[14:06.14]P:Mr Butler! B:Yes? P:It's not the water I'm worried about.

[14:10.71]B:No? P:No,you see, there's another, more serious problem...

[14:19.12]Workbook Unit 18 Listening

[14:22.92]1.New inventions help with the development of the society.

[14:26.92]But sometimes people are afraid of new inventions.

[14:30.13]Listen to part 1 of the tape and choose the best answers.

[14:34.42]Most great inventors often meet with a lot of trouble in their work.

[14:39.24]Before they can succeed,they have to overcome thousands of difficulties,

[14:44.59]which have been put in their way.

[14:46.65]The following is one example of these.

[14:49.55]George Stevenson, a famous Britain inventor,

[14:52.86]made the first train using a steam engine in 1825.

[14:57.44]When he was experimenting with his engine on the train,

[15:00.88]he came across problems caused by the government,

[15:03.93]newspapers and many people in the country.

[15:07.02]They said that the noise and the smoke would kill cows, horses and sheep.

[15:12.52]Others thought that the engine would burst,

[15:15.15]and that the hot coals from it would set fire to their houses.

[15:19.50]People believed what they said.

[15:21.60]George Stevenson told the people that the train would go on small rails,

[15:26.59]could pull carriages pull of goods and passengers,

[15:30.16]and that there would be no great danger to them.

[15:32.91]Although it was very difficult to get people to believe him,

[15:36.75]Stevenson finally proved what he said.

[15:39.80]Driven by Stevenson himself

[15:41.98]and powered by a new steam engine which he invented,

[15:45.35]that first train proved to be a complete success.

[15:49.03]The first day that the train ran on the rails,

[15:52.01]people along the way heard the noise of the train in the distance,

[15:56.85]and saw it coming quickly towards them they thought it was a ghost,

[16:01.69]they ran quickly back home for fear and close their doors tightly,

[16:07.17]they did not dare to come out until it came past.

[16:10.57]A week later,an old woman still said that her hen had been so frightened

[16:16.50]that it hadn't layed any legs for three days.

[16:20.48]3.Listen to part 2 of the tape and complete the chart below.

[16:25.97]Despite what people thought,Stevenson's engine wasn't dangerous.

[16:30.55]But there are other inventions

[16:32.28]that really were dangerous to both the inventors and people around them.

[16:36.50]Alfred Nobel,the man who created the Nobel prize,

[16:40.33]is famous for inventing a safe way to use a chemical to blow things up.

[16:45.53]However,his discovery came at a high price.

[16:49.52]Alfred's experiments killed several people, including his younger brother.

[16:54.39]One of the famous Nobel Prize winners, Marie Curie,

[16:58.39]also gave her life for science.

[17:00.76]The radium she discovered had made her almost blind,

[17:04.52]and caused a disease of the blood.

[17:06.97]She died as a result of her long study of dangerous materials.

[17:12.04]Sometimes an inventor has to risk his or her life

[17:16.01]to find out if an invention works.

[17:18.91]Early aeroplane experiments were very dangerous,

[17:22.34]and often resulted in accidents.

[17:24.85]In the 18th century, a French inventor named Sierra Franny

[17:29.57]died when his new breeding machine for diver didn't work.

[17:33.40]Of course,sometimes success can be dangerous too.

[17:37.20]Rudolf Dizzle, the scientist who invented the kind of engine

[17:41.41]used in some modern cars and ships

[17:43.98]was almost killed when he discovered a new way to light fuel.

[17:53.53]Unit 19 The Merchant of Venice

[17:56.78]Listening

[17:57.91]1.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions

[18:02.29]Antonio is a rich businessman of the city of Venice.

[18:06.53]Everyone likes him because he is always ready to help others

[18:09.95]At the time of this story

[18:11.79]his ships are all at sea to trade with foreign countries.

[18:15.40]Bassanio,Antonio's best friend,is in love with Portia.

[18:19.69]Portia is a rich and beautiful lady.

[18:22.38]She loves Bassanio but they cannot get married because he is too poor.

[18:26.85]Then,Bassanio asks Antonio to lend him three thousand ducats.

[18:31.68]Being short of money just then, Antonio goes to Shylock to borrow the money.

[18:36.36]Shylock has always hated Antonio,

[18:38.95]because Antonio has often in public shown how cruel and terrible Shylock is.

[18:45.01]Shylock agrees to lend Antonio the money,

[18:47.71]but Antonio must promise to allow Shylock to take a pound of his flesh

[18:52.65]from any part of his body if he cannot pay the money back after three months.

[18:58.05]Antonio agrees to this,takes the money and gives it to Bassanio.

[19:03.02]On the day Bassanio and Portia get married,

[19:05.58]they receive a letter from Antonio

[19:07.82]saying that all his ships have been lost at sea.

[19:10.96]Now he himself does not have enough money to pay back the 3,000 ducats

[19:16.41]and so he must give Shylock one pound of his flesh.

[19:20.07]Portia thinks of a clever plan to save Antonio.

[19:23.56]She asks a good friend who is a doctor of law,

[19:26.79]to lend her some of his lawyer's clothes and books.

[19:30.23]Dressed as a lawyer, she arrives at the court of the Duke,

[19:33.86]where Antonio's case is decided.

[19:36.21]As the Duke is wondering what to do Portia gives him a letter

[19:40.27]from the famous lawyer whom she has visited.

[19:43.05]In the letter it says that Portia is a learned young doctor from Rome

[19:47.63]who is young but very wise.

[19:50.02]The Duke accepts Portia to take the place of the famous lawyer

[19:54.09]and handle this difficult case.

[19:57.14]2.Listen to the tape again and fill in the following chart

[20:01.60]that explains who is who in The Merchant of Venice.

[20:05.30]Who are they?What do they do in the play?

[20:08.08]What is their relation to other characters in the play?

[20:16.11]Workbook Unit 19 Listening

[20:20.28]1.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions.

[20:24.86]It is my father who has invented this cruel game.We are bound by its rules.

[20:30.79]I can not marry the man of my choice.

[20:33.99]3 men have come to my house,a man from Africa,a man from Spain and Bassanio.

[20:40.93]They will play the game with the three boxes,

[20:44.37]and he who chooses the right box,it is my fate to marry him.

[20:49.10]I wish that man to be Bassanio.

[20:52.09]Now let's draw aside the curtain and show the first man the three boxes.

[20:58.02]P:Please,Africa, make your choice.

[21:00.76]A:On the first box, made of gold,is written,

[21:03.96]"Who chooses me will get what many men desire."

[21:07.67]The silver box says, "Who chooses me will get what he deserves."

[21:12.02]And the third here, simple iron,carries a warning,

[21:16.43]it says,"Who chooses me must give and risk all he has."

[21:21.66]How shall I know which one is the right box?

[21:24.60]P:The right one contains my picture.

[21:27.41]If you choose that, then I would be yours.

[21:30.43]A:Let some Gods guide my judgement!

[21:32.82]Let's see, "Who chooses me will get what many men desire."

[21:36.96]Well,that for sure has to be Portia. All the world desires her!

[21:41.20]Give me the key of the box of gold.

[21:43.47]P:There,take it, Prince.

[21:45.38]A:What's this? A skeleton in a piece of paper?

[21:48.56]It reads,"All the glitters is not gold."Often have you heard that told?

[21:53.90]Had you been as wise as bold,your chances wouldn't have been spoiled. Farewell!

[21:59.85]P:Spain,it's your turn.

[22:01.94]S:Hum,I'm not risking anything for an ugly iron box.

[22:05.89]And "what many men desire" is not what I want,because I'm not that kind of man

[22:09.98]The words on the silver box are words of honour and wisdom

[22:14.18]That's what I deserve.Give me a key for this.

[22:17.58]P:Well.

[22:18.41]S:What's this?An ugly doll that holds a note?

[22:21.72]It doesn't look like Portia at all!

[22:24.51]Did I deserve no more than a bull's head?Don't I deserve any better?

[22:29.50]What's on the note?

[22:30.85]Still more a bull will appear,the longer you keep standing here.

[22:35.66]With one bull's head you came to me, you will go away with two,you see. Farewell

[22:40.83]P:Bassanio,you are next.

[22:44.13]B:I won't be tricked by decoration,

[22:46.19]the outside of the boxes probably does not represent what' s inside.

[22:50.29]Give me neither the gold nor the silver,

[22:52.65]the simple,honest iron is the box of my choice.

[22:55.73]but tell my choice is correct.

[22:57.44]And what do I find here?It's a portrait of Portia, and a letter.

[23:01.71]It says,"You're the choose that not by the view,chance is fair,

[23:06.97]and choice is true.

[23:08.60]Since this fortune falls to you,be content and desire no new.

[23:14.31]Turn to where your lady is and claim her with a loving kiss.

[23:19.43]2.In the game,three men are shown boxes made of different materials.

[23:25.00]Each box has a tax written on it

[23:27.43]and each contains an object and a short note.

[23:30.39]Listen to the tape again and answer the following questions.

[23:39.72]Unit 20 Archaeology

[23:43.30]Listening

[23:44.30]1.Listen carefully to the tape and try to make a drawing of the tool.

[23:49.47]T:Come and have a look at this. Isn't it beautiful

[23:52.41]S1:What is it? T: Well.Have a good look.

[23:55.55]S1:Eh...It looks like a short stick to me;

[23:59.12]about 25 cm long and at the top there's a little carved animal

[24:04.48]At the bottom end there are three holes through the stick.

[24:07.98]I have no idea what it is.

[24:10.73]T:Right.What else?

[24:12.45]S1:There's a small goat that's looking over its shoulder

[24:16.67]And there's something funny on the right. What is it?

[24:20.68]T:That's two legs of a young baby goat that is being born

[24:25.09]At least,that's what some people think.

[24:27.90]S1:Really?What does it mean? T:We don't know.The meaning was lost.

[24:33.16]S2:What was it used for?

[24:34.94]T:It is an ancient weapon.One of the oldest on earth.

[24:38.65]S2:How can such a short stick be used as a weapon?

[24:42.01]T:Very big animals walked around the earth...

[24:45.31]S2:Yeah dinosaurs. T:No,not dinosaurs.

[24:49.21]But there were bears that were two or three times bigger than today

[24:53.79]and very large kind of elephants that had long brown hair.

[24:58.70]It was too dangerous to fight them with sticks or knives,or even spears,

[25:03.98]so people developed this weapon.

[25:06.37]S2:I don't understand. How did it work?

[25:09.02]T:You can't throw a spear very far with your arm, maybe 50 metres.

[25:14.19]But using this tool it could be thrown 6 times farther,and with greater speed.

[25:20.22]S2:How?

[25:21.33]T:Look at the three holes.

[25:23.81]One held a stone for balance,one a small piece of wood or leather,

[25:29.56]and a piece of rope was tied into the smallest one.

[25:33.25]A spear of about 180 cm was laid on the stick,

[25:38.90]resting against the small piece of wood or leather.

[25:42.88]With a pull on the string and a movement of the arm,

[25:47.13]the spear would be thrown.

[25:49.00]S2:Gee!Is it very old? T:10 to 20,000 years

[25:52.97]S1:Where was it found?

[25:54.27]T:It was discovered in a cave in southern France.

[25:57.58]S2:How do you know that it was used for what you say?

[26:00.90]T:We don't know for sure.After people stopped using it in Europe,

[26:05.37]other people in South America and Australia invented it again,

[26:09.75]by themselves.

[26:10.74]They used it to throw spears,so we think it's the same thing.

[26:14.87]S1:So you could be wrong about it?

[26:17.70]T:Yes.We can't ask the ancient people how they used it, so we must guess.

[26:23.04]What do you think it could be?

[26:25.25]2.Listen and write down five of the questions asked by the students.

[26:30.59]3.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions.

[26:39.47]Workbook Unit 20 Listening

[26:43.60]2.Listen to the tape again

[26:46.13]and tick which of the following statements are true.

[26:49.85]In July 2003,after searching for 12 years,

[26:54.24]explorers announced that they had locat- ed the sunken ship called "Republic".

[26:59.26]In 1700 feet of water,

[27:01.83]about 100 miles of the southeast coast of the United States

[27:06.52]The Republic was a steam ship carrying 59 passengers

[27:10.89]from New York to New Orleans.

[27:13.12]When it sank in a hurricane on October 25,1865,

[27:18.88]according to newspaper reports and other historical records,

[27:22.65]all the passengers were rescued,

[27:24.86]but the ship and its valuable goods, including $20,020 gold coins,

[27:31.43]intended to help pay for the reconstruct- ion of the South after the civil war,

[27:36.15]went to the bottom of the ocean with the Republic.

[27:39.49]Over the past 30 years,underwater archaeology came into being

[27:44.56]as diving equipment and robots that can be used underwater were improved,

[27:49.68]it can raise good profits both for governments

[27:53.64]and private commercial companies

[27:56.00]which undertake this kind of business.

[27:57.96]The discovery of Titanic has made underwater archaeol- ogy very popular.

[28:03.49]Since the Republic is so far out in international waters

[28:07.55]the company doesn't need a permit to begin the work at the site.

[28:11.19]No one has been near the site for about 140 years.

[28:15.43]Nearly 4000 artefacts were recovered,

[28:18.67]giving a good impression of life in the 1860s.

[28:22.08]From shoes to chess pieces,combs, toothbrushes,plates and cups,

[28:28.65]personal things, cooking and serving bolts,and many many more items,

[28:34.40]Recovering of the Republic may cost up to 3 million dollars

[28:39.21]However,it is expected that selling the gold coins

[28:43.13]may bring an amount of money in profits ranging from 120 to 180 million dollars.

[28:50.17]To date,more than 51,000 coins have been recovered,

[28:54.75]which is believed to be about 25 percent of the total.

[28:58.43]The collection includes over 100 different types of gold coins,

[29:02.81]dating between 1838 and 1865,

[29:06.89]and contains some of the finest examples

[29:09.56]of the United States gold and silver coins from the period.

[29:14.27]3.In the report of the discovery of the Republic

[29:18.16]many facts and figures are given,

[29:20.39]Listen to the tape and write down what the following numbers refer to.