时间:2018-12-12 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语


英语课

   【编者按】被动语态(passive voice)是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。让我们一起来学习一下吧!


  被动语态在英语中的使用得比汉语要多,在英语中极为重要。考研中常常涉及到这个问题。一般说来,当强调动作承受者,不必说出执行者或的执行者含糊不清时,多用被动语态。
  一、主动和被动语态的对比:
  二、翻译时有以下几种翻译方法:
  ①译成汉语被动句:使用"被、受、遭、让、给、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、为……所"等词。
  ②增加主语,即动作的实际发出者,或虚拟发出者。
  ③译成汉语无主句
  另外还有一些常用被动句型的习惯译法,需要平时积累,比如:
  It is hoped that... 希望……,有人希望……
  It is assumed 1 that... 假设……,假定……
  It is claimed that... 据说……,有人主张……
  It is believed that... 有人相信……,大家相信……
  It is reported that... 据报道……,据通报……
  It is considered that... 人们认为……,据估计……
  It is said that... 据说……,有人说……
  【真题例句】
  It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be required by a sort of special training.
  【解析】
  It is imagined by many //that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, //and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.
  主句:it is imagined,其中it为形式主语,而that引导的 that the operations... compared with these processes和that they have to ... special training是并列的主语从句,为真正的主语。原文中有三个被动语态is imagined,be compared和be required,译成汉语都变成了主动表达:"认为"、"相比"和"掌握"。具体为:
  (1)It is imagined by many 此处是"It+被动语态+that"形式的处理,译为"很多人认为"。
  (2)that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, 此处所用的是译成汉语主动句的处理方法,并保存原文主语译为"普通人的思维活动根本无法与这些思维过程(科学家的思维过程)相比"。
  (3)and that they have to be required by a sort of special training 此处所用的是译成汉语被动句的处理方法,译为"认为这些思维过程是必须由某种专门训练才能掌握"。
  【参考译文】
  许多人以为,普通人的思维活动根本无法与这些思维过程(科学家的思维过程)相比,认为这些思维过程是必须由某种专门训练才能掌握。

标签: 考研英语
学英语单词
.ffa
a hot time
Agrotis segetum
alphanumeric coded
applied cost
arsonium chloride
as suq
barney oldfields
BE-K
Busunya
busy at
canopy
carbon tool steel milling cutter
chemical water
Chickasawhay
compaction pile method
cylinder valve cover
daily dews
DC supply
dip-coat material
dry and cracked fur
edifier
fje
fluctuating field
fob chain
Fresno de la Ribera
fueling consumption curve
get beyond
glass wool dosimeter
Grand Remonstrance
guide bracket
gun fire-control radar (gfcr)
hamocura
harmonic diagram
horizontal parity
IFT (ignitor fuel trip)
improving labor management
inboard aileron
insurance contract
intestinal parasite
Krombachtalsperre
Learning is the eye of the mind.
lever collar
lighter screw
like-for-likes
liquid crystals
Llebetjado
Locekin
luffing winch
marijuanas
Microsoft Messenger
milsi
monochromator in visible and ultraviolet
Morse distribution
mould split line
much
Musaia
Neofreudism
Niaris
octal sucket
odeillo
order matching period
orientation training
phase failure protection
Philip of Hesse
pochote fibre
population cross moments
profumdus
rachiomyelitis
raised apex lands
rare earth hydrate
reference data
refilling of oil tank
reverse osmosis module
right internal carotid artery
rock gangue
sandwich manifold
sarcodon scabrosus
scars over
sea suction
sebriplatin
semiexpendable
sideband instability
six down
slot aileron
solf and thick
special drawing account
spit up
spunbonded fabric
strussa pellets
sweetheart contract
swordswomen
tenancy in perpetuity
thumb blue
truck-transit mixer
Tsu-shi
twilights
underdraught
unresistably
usable width of lock chamber
Ust'-Tara
window operation