时间:2019-02-08 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

今天我们要学的习惯用语都用了同一个词,fiddle 1。Fiddle当名词的时候是violin,也就是小提琴的别名,但是fiddle也可以当动词用。例如在我们要学的第一个习惯用语里fiddle就是个动词: fiddle around。 Fiddle当动词用的时候可以解释虚度时光或者鬼混,所以fiddle around想必意思是东游西逛。大家可能已经想到了以前学过的一个很相似的习惯用语: fool around。它的意思似乎和fiddle around 一样,但是fiddle around更常用来说不务正业,把时间浪费在一些琐碎无聊的事情上。让我们来听个例子。这是个爸爸在为孩子晚上只顾玩儿不做功课而发脾气。我们来听听他是怎么指责那些孩子的。


例句-1:Come on, you kids! Stop fiddling 2 around with that stupid video game. Right now, I say! You have plenty of homework tonight and I want you to go upstairs and start doing it.


那爸爸说:嗨,孩子别再吊儿郎当地玩儿电子游戏了。马上给我停下来!今晚你们有好多功课得做,我要你们马上去楼上开始做作业。


这儿的fiddle around意思就是吊儿郎当、不务正业。


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我们再学个习惯用语: play second fiddle。 在play second fiddle这个习惯用语里fiddle是名词,刚才说过它的意思就是小提琴。要理解这个习惯用语你先得联想一下有很多名小提琴手在内的交响乐团。


在乐团里要有领奏的首席小提琴手,也叫第一小提琴手。担任小提琴首席用英文来表示就是play first fiddle。乐团里也一定要有一位仅次于第一小提琴手、也担任领奏职责的第二小提琴手,顾名思义他的作用位居第二,用英文来表示就是play second fiddle。


逐渐地play second fiddle这个说法意思不再局限于演奏音乐了;它的应用由音乐扩大到其它领域。让我们听个例子来体会play second fiddle意义是什么。它说的是在美国地位最最显要的那位second fiddle。


例句-2:The vice 3 president will become leader if the president dies. But unless this happens, people expect him to play second fiddle and do what the president wants him to do.


他说:副总统在总统去世的情况下会成为总统,但是除非这种情况果真发生,否则副总统就该当第二把手,听从总统的指令。


这段话在比较副总统和总统的地位,大家知道,副总统虽然在万人之上,却在总统一人之下,充当总统的配角或者助手,所以play second fiddle意思就是当第二把手,或者说是当副手。


刚才说过交响乐团内不止一、两把小提琴,所以除了play first fiddle, play second fiddle,这两种说法之外,还有play third fiddle。我想大家一定能猜到它的意思,就是“当第三把手,”换句话说是“当配角。”


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我们再学一个习惯用语: pay the fiddler。既然fiddle可以解释为小提琴,可想而知fiddler就是拉小提琴的人了,或者说是小提琴手。


Pay the fiddler这个习惯用语可能来自早年美国乡间的一种民俗:雇一名提琴手拉琴让大家随著音乐跳方块舞,但是曲终人散之际总得有人掏腰包付钱给那位乐师,否则他下次就再也不肯来为你助兴了。这是在为先前的寻欢作乐付出代价。然而当代人说pay the fiddler可不再是指付钱给演奏小提琴的人了,而且往往用在带有负面意思的场合。


让我们来听个例子,来琢磨现在pay the fiddler是什么意思。


例句-3:That bank robber had a good time with the ninety thousand dollars he stole. But the cops caught him down in Texas and brought him back to pay the fiddler -- thirty years in prison.


原来那个强盗用抢银行得来的九万美元不义之财恣意享乐,但是警察追捕到得克萨斯州,把他捉拿归案。他罪有应得被判处了三十年徒刑。


这个人抢来九万美元大肆享受,但是到头来却得承担罪责,蹲三十年监狱;一时的欢乐换来了多少年的痛苦。所以这里pay the fiddler意思是承担后果,而且往往指惩罚性的后果。但是有时pay the fiddler也可以纯粹指负担玩乐的费用。

 



n.小提琴;vi.拉提琴;不停拨弄,乱动
  • She plays the fiddle well.她小提琴拉得好。
  • Don't fiddle with the typewriter.不要摆弄那架打字机了。
微小的
  • He was fiddling with his keys while he talked to me. 和我谈话时他不停地摆弄钥匙。
  • All you're going to see is a lot of fiddling around. 你今天要看到的只是大量的胡摆乱弄。 来自英汉文学 - 廊桥遗梦
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
学英语单词
abbet
AC two element two position relay
acoustic phase lag
adjustment of ignition
aluminium sulfate, aluminium sulphate
araboascorbie acid
asets
baculitid
Bauer's method staining
be preoccupied with
Bengtsfors
Blangslev
bradstone
Bromylum
bumpy
burruchaga
cast resin
charangos
chemical engine hose
chomped
cockling
completely convex function
control server
dacor
diaphragm logic element
distillation trap
elapid snakes
ethyl active amyl ether
fallback mode
fark
full-time modulation
funnel webs
get the word
haifa (hefa )
Hargraves'cell
Harper, James
horizontal centrifugal pump
horizontal girder
HRO
initial start - up
interior focusing lens
interpley
Jabukovac
jacking around
Kos'yu
Kums
layer of oxidem
lepiota
menprise
miqueliana
molecular sphere of action
Monforte d'Alba
Murav'yëvka
neuroscientist
noble bottle-tree
noncase
nonsuches
occultation of statellites
octree
opportunity cost value
paracheirodons
pawpaw
phase switch
phyric
plaited packing
plomestane
pluggy
pneumatic hydraulic
polycarpa
potential and current transformator
primary adhesion
quasi-normal
radio-frequency power loss
random access programming
remotely-controlled railway trains
rockcut
rotating-crystal pattern
roughing-roll
seedling growth
sigmate
sodium perthiocarbonate
solar gas dynamics
staphrlagra
stromatosis
sulfamethazole
synchronising torque
t-snap receptor
tapt
telite
textured suface glass bead
the nasdaq
thyrsiflorus
Tisza River
tribolium confusum jacquelin deval
tripropyl
trust and investment
turns step down ratio
various combination
wax-polishing machine
weapons of offence
world wide natural disaster warning system
z alloy