英语六级语法精要：现在完成时
时间：2019-01-17 作者：英语课 分类：大学四六级阅读
英语课
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果对现在造成影响。
(1)过去发生的动作发生到现在，刚刚完成;
(2)从过去发生的动作，发生到现在，刚刚告一段落，但是后面会继续发生;
eg：I have just finished 1 my homework.
It has rained for 3 days.
过去时与现在完成时的区别：
(1)过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强 调的是影响。
eg：I came 2 to Beijing in 1995.
I have stayed in Beijing since 3 1995.
(2)过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与段的时间状语连用，或无时间状语; 一般过去时常用时间状语：y esterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October…(具体时间)
现在完成时常用时间状语：for, since, so far…(长期的段时间)
eg：He had 4 dinner with me yesterday.
I have played basketball for 3 hours.
(3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know;过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die 5, finish, become, get married 6等;
eg：He got 7 married two years ago.
I have lived in Beijing for 10 years.
用于现在完成时的句型
(1)It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was 8 the third time that the boy had been late.
(2)This is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.
This is the best film that I’ve (ever 9) seen 10.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the first time (that) I’ve heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。< /p>
典型例题
---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it’s the first time I ___ here.
A. even 11, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中， 从句要用完成时。
adj.完成的，精湛的；v.动词finish的过去式和过去分词
- We finished up everything there was on the table. 我们把桌上的东西全吃完了。
- We can certainly have the job finished on time.我们肯定能按时完成任务。
v.动词come的过去式
- I was surprised why he came here so early.他为什么那么早到这里，我很惊奇。
- The doctor came in time to save his life.医生及时来抢救他的生命。
adv.后来；conj.既然，因为，自从；prep.自从
- He's been working in a bank since leaving school.自从毕业后，他就一直在一家银行工作。
- I have known him ever since I was a child.我自孩提时代起就已经认识他了。
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有
- I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
- The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
v.(get的过去式)得到，猜到，明白
- I just got some bad news.我刚得到一些坏消息。
- I have got far too much work to do.我要做的事太多了。
adv.曾经；永远；不断地；在任何时候；究竟
- Have you ever been to hangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗？
- I will be young and strong and beautiful for ever.我将永远年轻、强壮，永远漂亮。
vbl.(see的过去分词)看见
- Since I left college, I have not seen him.自从我离开大学以后，就没有见过他了。
- I hope to have seen the film next week.我希望下星期能看到这部电影。
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