时间:2019-01-16 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语


英语课

   在考研英语的复习中,虽然考研英语语法在研究生英语考试中不再单独考察,但是考研英语语法知识贯穿在整个考研英语考卷中。完型填空题会直接考查考研英语语法知识;考研英语阅读理解题和考研英语英译汉中有大量的长难句,这些句子只有具备一定的考研英语语法知识才能正确分析;考研英语作文中要写出正确无误的句子,也需要语法知识。所以说,语法知识是英语学习的基础。


  有很多同学知道自己的语法基础不好,甚至连一个句子中的状语,定语成分都分不清楚,也不大懂状语从句,定语从句等。类似这种情况的同学有很多,基本上对语法处于半罐子的阶段,不知完全不懂,又有不是完全懂。
  语法的作用或者说用处到底是什么呢?请看下面的句子:
  Government has encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization 1 of used fiber 2.
  分析:面对这么长的句子,如何明白这个句子的意思?从哪里着手分析?这就涉及到了语法知识。我们用语法知识来分析下这个句子。这个复合句可以从and处将句子分成两个相对较短的句子:and前面是一个简单句;and后面的句子有一个由that引导的定语从句,充当new recycling technologies的定语。经过这样的拆分,长句子就变成了短句,理解起来就不困难了。这句话可以翻译为:政府鼓励了废纸的回收和分类计划,同时造纸工业也通过开发新的回收技术作出了反应,这个回收技术为更大程度地利用已经使用过的纤维铺平了道路。
  通过以上的例子,我们可以看出语法在理解句意的作用。通过语法知识我们可以将一个晦涩难懂长句划分成几个短句,再将短句子的主干找到,然后把几个短句分别翻译出来,再串成一个成句。这就是我们遇到长难句的解决方法,也就是如何应用你所学的语法点过程。
  典型例题分析:
  1.The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.
  A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied
  答案D. with +名词(代词)+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时,其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词“手”与分词“绑”是被动关系,因此用过去分词,选D.
  注意:
  1)独立主格结构使用介词的问题:
  当介词是in时,其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(如物主代词或冠词),也不用复数,但with的复合结构不受此限制。
  A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.(hand前不能加his)
  2)当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时,及物动词用现在分词,不及物动词用过去分词。
  He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched 3, his eyes looking straight up.
  2.Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.
  A.permitted B.permitting C.permits D.for permitting
  答案B. 本题中没有连词,它不是复合句,也不是并列句。句中使用了逗号,且we 小写,可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断,本句中使用的是独立结构,其结构为:名词+分词。由于permit在这里翻译为天气允许,表主动,应用现在分词,故选B.
  如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式,不妨将句子改为条件句,例如本句改为If weather permits,we'll go out for a walk.然后将if 去掉,再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。
  本文由在线英语听力室整理编辑。

n.利用,效用
  • Computer has found an increasingly wide utilization in all fields.电子计算机已越来越广泛地在各个领域得到应用。
  • Modern forms of agricultural utilization,have completely refuted this assumption.现代农业利用形式,完全驳倒了这种想象。
n.纤维,纤维质
  • The basic structural unit of yarn is the fiber.纤维是纱的基本结构单元。
  • The material must be free of fiber clumps.这种材料必须无纤维块。
v.紧握,抓紧,咬紧( clench的过去式和过去分词 )
  • He clenched his fists in anger. 他愤怒地攥紧了拳头。
  • She clenched her hands in her lap to hide their trembling. 她攥紧双手放在腿上,以掩饰其颤抖。 来自《简明英汉词典》
标签: 考研英语 语法
学英语单词
absoes
Acid Red 3B
acute bisector
adipomatosis
apogon aureus
back coating
be in blossom
become interested in
berds
bituminize
bottle-nose drip
cam of variable lift
cooling blood for resolving macula
curtailer
dash off
decrescendoing
degree of a term
dietze
disarmoured
dobroslavs
double rhombic antenna
duhat
dumbwaiter shaft
election campaign
embrios
epoxypregnanolone
error of calculations
Esophageus
evonymine
Feitu
ferrophosphor
file snake
foodmarket
frontal axis
gastroparietal
geobotanical prospecting
glass fibre reinforced plastic boat
Global Industry Classification Standard
gnidimacrin
gradual convergence
greenwares
grow-ing
if anything should occur...
impact cleaning
inband distortion
input state vector
instant dimmer memory
job and time control system
jobs in operation
jump correlation
jurisdictional agency
k'vith
land leveller
length comparator
lens-like medium
Linocin
lyuba
market-cap
minutesized
mofongo
multi-flow evaluator (mfe)
negative knives linear
Newhalem
nozzle guide vanes
parasitic nutrition
pavement thickening
plastic molding
platform agnostic
Plow-
put one's oar into
recollar
regional difference index (rdi)
republi
rhyniophytes
ringadoos
rowing boats
run that by me again
sale(s) branch
saturation vapor pressure in the pure phase with respect to ice
Scyth
sediment concentration
segregationists
Seitz's metamorphosing respiration
shake 'n' bake
show ... in
shuttertract
speed-changer motor
Stauntonia obcordatilimba
summary of cost of returned goods
superior cornu
surgical instrument stand
take the sacrament to upon something
tragicus
trust inter vivos
turbinated
tuuelf
unconnected depositor
undrunk
unsere
up cut shear
walnutty
yushkin