时间:2019-01-14 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

  今天要学的习惯用语都包括这个词:whip。 Whip可以当名词,解释为鞭子,但是它也可以是动词,意思是鞭打,而且通常是惩罚性的鞭打。今天要学的第一个习惯用语是: whipping boy。Whipping boy这个说法来自十六世纪的英国。当时的传统是在宫廷里专门设一名whipping boy, 当小王子任性行为不检点,不得不处罚他的时候,这个whipping boy就得代替王子挨鞭打。

随着英国皇室日渐开明,whipping boy早已不存在了,但是这个历史遗迹却留在英语中。它用来比喻什么呢?我们听个例子吧。这段话是关于一名年青的空军上尉。他在军内的一宗丑闻案中遭到了不公正的指控。

例句-1:He claims he was the whipping boy in the air base scandal. Well, it's probably true. He was only a captain and he had to obey the colonel's orders. I think the colonel is the real guilty party.

这个空军上尉声称自己在空军基地丑闻中只是个替罪羊,那可能真是这样。他只是个上尉,必须服从上校的命令。所以说话的人认为真正有罪的是上校。

从这段话可见whipping boy这个习惯用语被用来比喻任何为他人担当罪责、代人受过的人。

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再来听个也使用了whipping boy这个习惯用语的例子。这段话描述一个可怜的孩子不幸的家庭生活。

例句-2:Tom says his mother uses him as the whipping boy at home. She's an alcoholic 1 and whenever his dad gets mad at her for getting drunk, she turns all her anger at him onto her son.

Tom说:他母亲把他当成家里的受气包,母亲酗酒,每当父亲为母亲喝醉酒发火的时候,母亲就迁怒于儿子。

母亲自知理亏,当然不能冲父亲发火,却把火发在Tom身上,可见这里的whipping boy是指受气包或者替罪羊。

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今天要学的第二个习惯用语是: crack the whip。 Crack the whip原本的意思是打响鞭,也就是挥动鞭子发出清脆响亮的爆裂一般的声音。

这个习惯用语起源于十九世纪移居美国的人们前往西部开辟新天地的时候。他们把全部家当都装在骡子或者牛拉的大车里,而赶大车的多半是经过千锤百炼的好手,挥鞭的技巧好到能一鞭子打死叮骡子臀部的马蝇,却不伤骡子的一根毫毛。所以车把式打响鞭是为了警告并且管教牲口,让它们乖乖地听从命令,不会真的伤害牲口。当然如今这个习惯用语已经转用到日常生活的各方面,而且多半跟牲口无关了。我们听个例子。这是个爸爸在为儿子近来发生的变化担心:

例句-3:Unless I crack the whip, he doesn't do anything, even brush his teeth these days. This is a big change - he used to be such a good helper and so well organized and hard-working.

他说:儿子近来无所事事,要是他不管教的话,甚至连牙也不刷。这和以前大不相同,因为儿子曾经那么乐于助人,而且办事井井有条、勤勤恳恳。

这里crack the whip这个习惯用语意思是管教或者提出口头警告。

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再听个例子。它说的是办公室里的事情。有些主管特别居高临下,时而会对下属宣布一些强硬措施。下面说的就是这样一个主管。

例句-4:I hate the way the boss cracks the whip at us. He just told us, 'From now on you have to submit a written slip to me before you take more than an hour off. Without this, I'll regard you as AWOL.'

他说:我最讨厌那主管对我们耍威风。他刚才对我们下令说:‘从现在开始,你们凡是请假一小时以上,事先都得给我写假条,不然我就作擅离职守处理。’

这段话里的习惯用语crack the whip意思显然是耍威风。



adj.(含)酒精的,由酒精引起的;n.酗酒者
  • The alcoholic strength of brandy far exceeds that of wine.白兰地的酒精浓度远远超过葡萄酒。
  • Alcoholic drinks act as a poison to a child.酒精饮料对小孩犹如毒药。
学英语单词
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adoral zone of membranelles
aerial cable guide
aircraft return
amphibian stage
answer tone
ash determination
auxiliary line of sight
barrel shroud
Baryatino
be sunk
becket(t)
Belamcanda sinensis
boundary electrophoresis
Bracewell
bullion trade
cardiopath
catawbas
certification hierarchy
Chernak
clean-up plant
Cru.
cyst of kidney
date format characters
Disko Bugt
duoservo
eastern-rite
easting
electronic ignition system coil
elimination salt
excrementizes
exemplificative
fontanne
germ centers Flemming's
glycerol-lacto-palmitate
gypsum insulation
head lice
hybrid propulsion
ignaz
incendiary article
infinite recursion
isabella dun
isotopic ratio in Mars atmosphere
joweler
kathode-anode
ligamentum teres uteris
lightning channel
live-tweets
low-pressure counter
Mahonia japonica DC.
Mandelin reagent
maternity and infant healthy institute
merry inn
mistake of facts
Neuber's tubes
nonstockholder
objective examination
oceanic bank
on the one hand
Osage
overall regulation
philsons
plays away
plexus pharyngicus
police actions
post-needling sensation
pregermlayer stage
pseudocolorized
ptashnes
ragouting
rainbow fish
rasped
Redcastle
reflected core
resourcezation of three wastes
retwisted
Riemann zeta-function
rolling contact
rondos
sea-urchin paste
semiconducting specimen stage
shock generator
shvets
sleave
spicas
static disturbances
stream-borne material
sugar mercaptal
superlogarithmic
surface activity
susceptibility curve
Tharp Fracture Zone
threading and unthreading operation
tramp screen
triplex system
tubular bridge
Volkswagen AG
Volt-Ohm-Meter
water resistance meter
xanthosis of septum nasi
yuichiro
zippiness