时间:2018-12-31 作者:英语课 分类:英语听力文摘 English Digest


英语课

   Wouldn’t it be great if we could trade genes 1 with other species? For example, suppose you could trade the family cat your genes for intelligence for its genes for physical coordination 2! Well, okay, that’s not likely to happen anytime soon. But DNA 3 trading really does happen in nature!


 
  The real DNA traders are bacteria. Unlike more complex organisms, most bacteria reproduce asexually–that is, they just copy their own DNA, and then split in half, leaving one copy of the DNA in each half.
 
  Asexual reproduction can be a big advantage, since one bacterium 4 doesn’t need another one around to reproduce. But, on the other hand, the bacterium doesn’t get the benefit of genetic 5 diversity.
 
  In order to add some variety to their genetic makeup 6, bacteria swap 7 genes with other bacteria. They trade tiny loops of DNA called plasmids. A bacterium makes a plasmid by copying part of its DNA.
 
  Then it trades its plasmid for one from another bacterium–in fact, just about any other bacterium! That’s right–the trading partners don’t need to be the same kind of bacteria, or even related kinds! Just about any two bacteria can swap plasmids.
 
  That’s great for bacteria, but not always so great for everyone else. It can be a big problem if a traded plasmid carries genes for drug resistance. If just one type of bacteria–even a harmless type–develops resistance to a drug, it can pass on that resistance to other types of bacteria that aren’t so harmless! That’s the magic, and the menace, of bacterial 8 “insider trading.”

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
n.协调,协作
  • Gymnastics is a sport that requires a considerable level of coordination.体操是一项需要高协调性的运动。
  • The perfect coordination of the dancers and singers added a rhythmic charm to the performance.舞蹈演员和歌手们配合得很好,使演出更具魅力。
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
n.(pl.)bacteria 细菌
  • The bacterium possibly goes in the human body by the mouth.细菌可能通过口进入人体。
  • A bacterium is identified as the cause for his duodenal ulcer.一种细菌被断定为造成他十二指肠溃疡的根源。
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
n.组织;性格;化装品
  • Those who failed the exam take a makeup exam.这次考试不及格的人必须参加补考。
  • Do you think her beauty could makeup for her stupidity?你认为她的美丽能弥补她的愚蠢吗?
n.交换;vt.交换,用...作交易
  • I will swap you my bicycle for your radio.我想拿我的自行车换你的收音机。
  • This comic was a swap that I got from Nick.这本漫画书是我从尼克那里换来的。
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
6-APA
adjustable peg rate of exchange
alkyl aryl ether rearrangement
altitude assignment
apathetical idiocy
aythya fuligula
azeglios
Baguirmiens
barbatol
batch task
be pleased
bow length
Brachychiton rupestris
buphanisine
Bury Saint Edmunds
bush-cheney
Citymart
closing sleeve
confluent smallpox
connectionless Network Protocal
conway's microdiffusion mehtod
Cramlington
crankcase section
cross cut test
Dee-ron
despising
didemnin
electrochromism spectrometer
Filipinize
fund for improvement and expansion
Gardinol
Gentiana picta
genus leontocebuss
geological formation
gingerbread tree
Glyptorthis
handtamped
heavy-media separation
heterozygous
historical-geographical
inertia reel seatbelt
interoperate
isoetess
jet exhaust
junior year
Labylinth seal
lavatur
left-cutting binder
linearly varying stress field
lining arch
lithium lactate
magnitude-balancing circuit
malacotic
megascleres
methionyl-
modern geology
Mpumalanga Prov.
natural draft ventilation
needlework club
Nerlove's partial adjustment model
norist
north-american
oligomania
orgle
parisite- (ce)
pericephalic
piston underside pumping(pup)
pistoning
Pomona
pressure rise rate
pseudoacid
Rana goliath
reose
reverse limiting valve
San Nicolò Gerrei
semen in urine
SGCI(special grade cast iron)
simultaneous feedback error component
solar energy engine
standard purchase content
storaxes
Stubenberg
supplemental unemployment benefit payments
swollen consumption demand
symmetrical lattice stack
symmetrices
terminal area sequence and control
timers(food)
toll switchboard
tool-post for front and rear slide
tooth brush
triploidite
Tsuiki
two dimensional problem
uncle
ungerine
unmingled
utendus
watch like a hawk
wendlandia chinensis
wind technology
xilinx