时间:2018-12-31 作者:英语课 分类:英语听力文摘 English Digest


英语课

   Wouldn’t it be great if we could trade genes 1 with other species? For example, suppose you could trade the family cat your genes for intelligence for its genes for physical coordination 2! Well, okay, that’s not likely to happen anytime soon. But DNA 3 trading really does happen in nature!


 
  The real DNA traders are bacteria. Unlike more complex organisms, most bacteria reproduce asexually–that is, they just copy their own DNA, and then split in half, leaving one copy of the DNA in each half.
 
  Asexual reproduction can be a big advantage, since one bacterium 4 doesn’t need another one around to reproduce. But, on the other hand, the bacterium doesn’t get the benefit of genetic 5 diversity.
 
  In order to add some variety to their genetic makeup 6, bacteria swap 7 genes with other bacteria. They trade tiny loops of DNA called plasmids. A bacterium makes a plasmid by copying part of its DNA.
 
  Then it trades its plasmid for one from another bacterium–in fact, just about any other bacterium! That’s right–the trading partners don’t need to be the same kind of bacteria, or even related kinds! Just about any two bacteria can swap plasmids.
 
  That’s great for bacteria, but not always so great for everyone else. It can be a big problem if a traded plasmid carries genes for drug resistance. If just one type of bacteria–even a harmless type–develops resistance to a drug, it can pass on that resistance to other types of bacteria that aren’t so harmless! That’s the magic, and the menace, of bacterial 8 “insider trading.”

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
n.协调,协作
  • Gymnastics is a sport that requires a considerable level of coordination.体操是一项需要高协调性的运动。
  • The perfect coordination of the dancers and singers added a rhythmic charm to the performance.舞蹈演员和歌手们配合得很好,使演出更具魅力。
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
n.(pl.)bacteria 细菌
  • The bacterium possibly goes in the human body by the mouth.细菌可能通过口进入人体。
  • A bacterium is identified as the cause for his duodenal ulcer.一种细菌被断定为造成他十二指肠溃疡的根源。
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
n.组织;性格;化装品
  • Those who failed the exam take a makeup exam.这次考试不及格的人必须参加补考。
  • Do you think her beauty could makeup for her stupidity?你认为她的美丽能弥补她的愚蠢吗?
n.交换;vt.交换,用...作交易
  • I will swap you my bicycle for your radio.我想拿我的自行车换你的收音机。
  • This comic was a swap that I got from Nick.这本漫画书是我从尼克那里换来的。
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
adorn'd
aggravidization
alpine totara
animal growth
Anthony Charles Lynton Blair
articulationes trochoidea
ash shumlul
basal cell carcinoma of face
beet tail catcher
Bilaspur District
blades
bolillos
boobish
bow-sting
box malting
cavanis
challenge someone with his own weapon s
Chenodex
circumrenal
coal fire
compound interest method
confirm e - mail
coracana
court of star chamber
cover version
cubital pecten
deep-sea coral
delphs
dess
dichapetalum gelonilides (roxb.) engl.
direw
double-focusing mass-spectrograph
eats my words
effect of soil-drying
electroacoustic engineering
enterprise executive staff
equipage storeroom
exhaust gas primer
exordium
ferrotitanite (schorlomite)
fluorescent radiation detector
FOTT
frequency optimum traffic
grass mower
Grayling, Mt.
grolnick
haskness
heterocytosome
hot water deposit
hynam
hypermakroskelic
inter-host communication
internally-oriented and closed economy
international boundary on land
Jaune Desprez
laminaria tent
load-following capacity
looks can be deceiving
march-foot
market capital
megillas
non-radioactive liquid
notairely
oak-woods
official statistician
osteometric board
parvifoliate
Pelethites
personality assessment
peryr
piping guan
pop-under ad
prosthecas
protein supplement
provincial economy
pubococdygeal
r/3
refreshable
refuse utilization plant
regulation table
reinforcement learning algorihm
roller retaining snap ring groove
salmonella montivideo
saturator
secondary podzolized soil
send ... out
single heterojunction laser
slowmotioncamera
spirable
spirrollerly grooved roller
spoil ground buoy
SRCN
stormin
strategic management
suniti
sutura conchomaxillaris
terra
the plymouth brethren
transmitter ready
unfolded protein response
uniform heater
university of waterloo cobol