时间:2018-12-28 作者:英语课 分类:初学者听力文摘精选


英语课

Fingernails. They’re good for scratching, biting, clipping, and polishing. But what are they, in fact?

手指甲可以被用来划,咬,剪,磨。但是事实上,它们究竟是什么呢?



Although nails may look simple, they actually have various parts: a root buried beneath the skin at the base of the nail, the nail matrix, part of which is seen through the nail body as the white, half-moon shape where the nail meets the skin, the nail body–the part on the outside–and a nail bed that connects the nail to underlying 1 tissue.

虽然指甲看起来很简单,但是实际上它们由几个不同的部分组成:深埋在甲根处皮肤下的根基、指甲基质(指甲基质部分由甲体上的白色部分组成,也就是指甲和皮肤连接处的半月形状)、甲体(也就是我们能看到的外面的部分)以及甲床(连接指甲和底部组织的部位)。



Nail growth begins at the root, which produces the cells that form the nail body. As these cells form they produce keratin, the substance that makes the nail body hard and durable 2. As new cells form, the existing keratin-filled cells are pushed forward, away from the root. When these cells lose contact with the root and form the nail body, they die. That’s why it doesn’t hurt when you trim your nails.

指甲的生长从根基处开始,那里可以产生形成甲体的细胞。这些细胞形成后会产生角蛋白,正是这种物质使得我们的指甲坚固且耐用。随着新细胞的形成,被角蛋白 填充的已有的细胞被向前推进,逐渐远离根基。当这些老化的细胞失去和根基的联系时,它们便形成了甲体,此时它们已经死亡。这就是你修剪指甲时不会感觉到痛 的原因。



Once nails start growing, they don’t stop. Nails grow continuously, and if not trimmed can become extremely long. Nails protected from wear will eventually grow in long, twisted shapes, like a ram’s horn.

指甲一旦开始生长便不会停止。指甲不断地生长,如果不修剪的话会变得非常的长。耐磨损的指甲最终会长成长而弯的形状,就像羊角一样。



When kept at a proper length, nails can be useful in many ways, including acting 3 as a barometer 4 of a person’s health. Because the nail root is sensitive to changes in the body, the appearance of nails can sometimes provide clues to certain illnesses.

如果被修剪成适当的长度,指甲也会有很多的用途。例如,指甲可以作为健康的晴雨表。因为指甲的根基对于身体的变化非常敏感,所以指甲的外观有时候可以告诉我们是否患有某种疾病。



During extreme stress, extended fever, or in response to poisonous drugs, fingernails can crack, become thinner or thicker, and can even be shed.

在承受极大压力时,高烧持续不断时,或者人体是对有毒药物作出反应时,手指甲会破裂,变得更薄或者更厚,甚至有可能会脱落。

 



1 underlying
adj.在下面的,含蓄的,潜在的
  • The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
  • This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。
2 durable
adj.持久的,耐久的
  • This raincoat is made of very durable material.这件雨衣是用非常耐用的料子做的。
  • They frequently require more major durable purchases.他们经常需要购买耐用消费品。
3 acting
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
4 barometer
n.气压表,睛雨表,反应指标
  • The barometer marked a continuing fall in atmospheric pressure.气压表表明气压在继续下降。
  • The arrow on the barometer was pointing to"stormy".气压计上的箭头指向“有暴风雨”。
学英语单词
acanthochiton
acception of persons
act according to
actvs
aetr
Akropong
ann c.
arteriae ulnaris
Asian cholera
atmosphere analyser
automatic monitoring
b-complex vitamins
barrow's
bill of lading copy
blow-run method
bricked it
brown smoke
chassepots
chewability
chirometer
civil time
clowers
Cogolin
consciousness-threshold
counterlaths
diameter ratio
differential block
doner kebabs
electronic journalism
ELEP (expansion-line end point)
employee business expenses
endomesoderm cell
euaugaptilus mixtus
factor of evaluation
finish gauge
fire extinguisher system
fordwine
globeflowers
GM_past-perfect-continuous-i-had-been-working
granoblastic texture
gross thickness
heavy-liddeds
horny-handed
hutzpah
hwyls
included angle
instantaneous frequency stability
insulating soft wire
isogermidine
Khārchok
land use mapping
lazy leucocyte syndrome
line of engagement
link (li)
Lithocarpus jenkinsii
lower end of duct
mediumfit
microscopics
microviscosity
mini-burgers
monotonic functional
morning draughtboard
nipponium
oligarchies
operatorship
Orissi
pharmacological compound
phosphatidylinositol(PI)
pole trawl
private listing
proton stream
psychorrhagia
qualified director
qualitative property
quartz watch
radio-thermoluminescence
Rhododendron jinxiuense
Sankt Gallenkirch
sarcinodes yeni
saturation patrols
scrap metals
shamshir
shyryf
specified point
Stewartia gemmata
sun-burned
super-huge turbogenerator
supply-demand relation
sylph-like
tandem milking parler
theos
thirled
trachy-pitchstone
two-way omnibus
unregimented
unvailing
valeryl phenetidine
washed down
whisenhunt
Wilkins Micawber
wintams
Zabud