2010年ESL之日常生活 08 Shopping for Produce

08 Shopping for Produce

GLOSSARY

supermarket – a large store that sells many types of food to be cooked orprepared at home

* Please go by the supermarket on your way home from work to pick up bread,milk, and eggs.

fresh – recently picked; recently made or cooked; not old, stale, or rotten

* Wouldn’t it be great to have our own orange tree, so that we could have freshoranges each morning?

to resolve – to make a firm decision to change something, usually to improveone’s quality of life

* Each New Year’s Eve, Miles resolves to stop smoking, but he always startsagain within a few weeks.

to make a beeline for – to go directly to a particular person or place, withoutstopping to look at anything or anyone else

* At the library, the kids made a beeline for the comic books.

produce – fresh fruits and vegetables; fruits and vegetables that are not cooked,canned, or prepared in any other way

* My doctor said that one of the best ways to prevent cancer is to eat more freshproduce.

to ripen off the vine – to continue to mature and become ripe (ready to eat)after something is picked from the plant

* Does cantaloupe ripen off the vine, or is it important to buy cantaloupe that’salready ready to be eaten?

green – unripe; not yet fully mature or ready to be eaten

* These plums are still green, but I think they’ll be ready to eat within a few days.

picked over – with many items already selected for purchase, so that theremaining items aren’t very desirable

* The store had a great sale, but by the time we got there most things hadalready been picked over and we couldn’t find anything we liked.

organic – grown naturally, without the use of chemical pesticides or fertilizers

* If we had a garden in our backyard, we could make sure all our fruits andvegetables were organic.

wilted – with leaves that are weak and bent, not crisp, usually because they aretoo dry or old

* These houseplants are really wilted. We need to water them more often.

to pass on – to decide not to buy, use, or have something

* Alexey decided to pass on the movie and instead stay at home to study allevening.

to rot – to decay and decompose when something has been dead or separatedfrom a plant for a long time

* All the vegetables in our refrigerator are rotting. We should really clean it outmore often.

checkout stand – the part of a grocery store where one pays for everything onewants to buy

* This checkout stand is “express,” so you can use it only if you are buying 12 orfewer items.

aisle – row; one of the long parts of a store that one can walk through, looking atthe products for sale on both sides

* Peanut butter and jam are in aisle eight.

to weaken – to become less strong

* Julia’s eyesight has gradually weakened over the years, and now she canhardly see anything.

cart – shopping cart; a large metal basket on wheels that one uses inside a storeto carry all the things one wants to buy

* Victor’s cart was filled with ice cream, cookies, and chocolate candies. I guesshe really likes sweets!

impulse buy – something that one buys without having planned to buy it, justbecause it looks good when one sees it in the store

* Lucas bought that sweater as an impulse buy, but he’s really glad he did!

all in one sitting – all at once; all at one time

* Have you ever eaten an entire half-gallon of ice cream all in one sitting?

to fall off the wagon – to resume a bad habit when one has been trying to stopit, usually used when talking about drinking alcohol

* Hal had stopped smoking for almost two weeks when he fell off the wagon andstarted again.

______________

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. What does “to make a beeline for the produce department” mean?

a) To buy honey in the produce department.

b) To be scared by a bee in the product department.

c) To go directly to the produce department.

2. Which of these things is most likely an impulse buy?

a) Bananas.

b) Lettuce.

c) Candy.

______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?

green

The word “green,” in this podcast, means unripe, or not yet fully mature or readyto be eaten: “My sister likes to eat green peaches, but I think they’re toocrunchy.” The word “green” is also related to environmental protection andconservation: “Do you think the green movement is as important as reducingpoverty?” If a person is “green,” it means that he or she is very young and/ordoesn’t have very much experience doing something: “Nick is pretty green rightnow, but if we hire him, I think he’ll learn quickly.” Finally, the phrase “to have agreen thumb” means to be very good at making plants grow and stay healthy: “Ifyour plants are dying, ask Tomas for advice. He has a green thumb.”

to pass on

In this podcast, the phrase “to pass on” means to decide not to buy, use or havesomething: “Why did you pass on such a great offer?” The phase “to pass(something) on” means to make someone else pay the cost of something: “If theprice of fuel increases, airlines just pass the cost on to the passengers throughhigher airfare.” The phrase “to pass (something) on” also means to shareinformation with another person: “Could you please pass my telephone numberon to your roommate?” The phrase “to pass (something) on” can also mean togive one’s child a physical characteristic or a disease through one’s genes: “I hope I don’t pass my big nose on to my children.” Finally, the phrase “to pass(something) down” means to give something to a member of a future generation:

“This ring was passed down to Greta from her great-grandmother.”

______________

CULTURE NOTE

The National Organic Program was created in 2002 to develop “standards”

(regulations and rules) for organic products. Previously, farmers and foodmanufacturers followed many different “guidelines” (recommendations for how todo things) in labeling their food as organic. Some products were sold as organicif they were grown without chemical pesticides. Others were sold as organic ifthey didn’t use any chemical pesticides or fertilizers. And “still” (additionally)others were sold as organic only if the land hadn’t been “exposed to” (been incontact with) chemicals for a certain number of years. There were also differentrules about organic meat, which generally must come from animals that havebeen fed only organic “grain” (cereals) without any antibiotics or hormones.

Under the National Organic Program, a farmer or food manufacturer must be“certified organic” (officially having documents proving it is organic) before it can“label” (put a name or description on something) its products as organic. Rightnow there are 56 agencies in the United States that have the authority to provideorganic certification for the National Organic Program.

Today, the official “seal” (a small logo or design) of the National Organic Programhas a white-and-green design saying “USDA (United States Department ofAgriculture) Organic” inside a reddish-brown circle. A product can have that sealonly if at least 95% of its “ingredients” (the things used to make a food ormedicine) are organic.

Farmers and food manufacturers who label a product as organic when it actuallyisn’t may have to pay a “fine” (money paid as a punishment) of up to $11,000 foreach “offense” (each time someone does something wrong). However, this isvery difficult to enforce, because the National Organic Program has a very small“staff” (the number of people working for an organization).

______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – c; 2 –c

COMPLETE TRANSCRIPT

Welcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 574: Shopping forProduce.

This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 574. I’m your host, Dr.

Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development inbeautiful Los Angeles, California.

Our website is eslpod.com. You can go there to learn the secret of life! You canalso download a Learning Guide for this episode that contains information,including a complete transcript to help you improve your English even faster.

This episode is called “Shopping for Produce.” “Produce” includes fruits andvegetables. Let’s get started.

[start of story]

On my way home from work, I stopped at the supermarket. My doctor has beentelling me to eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, so I finally decided to followher advice. I resolved to eat better, so I could feel better. I made a beeline forthe produce department.

First, I looked at some bananas. Since they ripen off the vine, I picked out somethat were already ripe and others that were still green. Next, I looked for sometomatoes. They looked picked over, but then I saw some organic tomatoes anddecided to give those a try. Then, I went to look for the spinach. I found it, but itdidn’t look fresh at all. The leaves were brown and wilted. I decided to pass onthe spinach and checked out the mushrooms. The mushrooms didn’t look anybetter. In fact, some were beginning to rot. I picked up some lettuce instead andheaded for the checkout stand.

I was feeling pretty good about my new decision to eat better. But then, I passedthe cookie aisle. My resolve weakened. I spotted my favorite type of cookies.

Before I knew what I was doing, I’d put a bag of those cookies in my cart.

I know I should be able to resist impulse buys, especially of things I’m likely toeat all in one sitting, but don’t forget, I’m eating more fruits and vegetables. Withmy new healthy diet, aren’t I allowed to fall off the wagon now and then?

[end of story]

Our story begins with me coming home from work. I decide to stop at the“supermarket,” which is a large store that sells many types of food. A “market” isa general word for a store, especially a story that sells food. A supermarket isjust a big market. “My doctor,” I say, “has been telling me to eat more fresh fruitsand vegetables.” “Fresh” is, in this case, an adjective that means recently picked– recently taken from the trees or the fields where they were grown. These arefruits and vegetables that are ready to be eaten or to be cooked; in other words,they’re not in a can, they’re the actual vegetable right from the farm.

I say that I was going to eat more fruits and vegetables because my doctorrecommended that to me. I resolved to eat better, so I could feel better. “Toresolve” here means to make a firm decision to change something in yourbehavior, usually to change something in your life. The noun is “resolution.” It’svery common for people to make New Year’s resolutions. When the first ofJanuary comes up every year they say, “Okay, I’m going to stop smoking,” or“This year I’m going to stop eating a pound of chocolate every day,” somethinglike that. That’s a resolution; the verb is “to resolve.” “To resolve” can also meanto solve a problem or a conflict, an argument, something like that.

I say next that I made a beeline for the produce department. The expression “tomake a beeline (beeline – one word) for (something)” means to go directly to aparticular place or to a particular person without stopping to look at or to talk toanyone else; you go directly to that person. When children go to the library,some of them make a beeline for the comic books. They walk in the door, andthey run over to the comic books; they don’t stop and look at anything else.

Some men, when they walk into a bar, make a beeline for the beautiful women.

Of course, I did not make a beeline for any women; I made a beeline for theproduce department. “Produce” means fresh fruits and vegetables; it’s a generalterm.

First, I looked at some “bananas,” those are yellow pieces of fruit that are longand they grow on trees – I think. I say that since bananas, or because bananasripen off the vine, I picked some that were already ripe. “To ripen (ripen) off thevine (vine)” means that they continue to mature and become “ripe,” or ready toeat, after they are removed from the plant. So there some fruits, for example,that you can take it off of the tree, like a banana, and you wait a couple of days,and it will turn from green to yellow indicating it is now ready to eat. There aresome fruits that do not ripen off the vine, meaning you have to wait until they areready – until they are ripe before you remove it from the tree or the plant. A“vine” technically is a plant that grows certain kinds of fruit. Grapes, for example, and tomatoes, grow on what we call vines. “To ripen off the vine,” however, is ageneral term referring to fruit that matures after it has been picked, or removedfrom the plant or tree where it was growing. So because bananas ripen off thevine, you can pick those bananas that are still green. A green banana indicates itis not yet ripe.

Next, I looked for some tomatoes. They looked picked over. When we saysomething is “picked over,” we mean that other customers have come and takenthe best ones, so the ones that are left are not very good. That’s what it meansto be picked over. Before I forget, the word “green” has other meanings inEnglish, and those are in the Learning Guide.

I say that the tomatoes were picked over, but then I saw some organic tomatoes.

“Organic” is a very popular adjective describing food nowadays. Usually itmeans that it is grown naturally, without any chemicals, anything that mightdamage your health. Organic food is supposed to be more healthy because itdoesn’t have these different chemicals that are normally used when we arefarming – and by “we” I mean other people, not me!

Then I look for some spinach, after I get my organic tomatoes. I found thespinach, but unfortunately it didn’t look fresh at all. It was old; it was not recentlyarrived from the farm. The leaves on the spinach, the part of the spinach that isflat and large, were brown and wilted. When we say something is “wilted”

(wilted), we mean that the leaves of the fruit or vegetable are not fresh, they’reweak, they are bent. For example, lettuce if put in the oven will very quickly wiltwith the heat. Things often wilt in the heat, and that means that they are nolonger hard, crisp; they are weak instead, and they start to look bad, and that’swhat happened to leaves of the spinach.

I decided to pass on the spinach. “To pass on (something)” here means todecide not to buy or not to use something. If you’re at a dinner and someoneoffers you some hot dogs, and you don’t really like hot dogs – although I can’tunderstand why, I love hot dogs! But you decide, well, hot dogs, they’re not veryhealthy, so you say to the person, “I think I will pass on the hot dogs,” meaningI’m not going to have any. “To pass on” has other very different meanings, andthose are in – everyone together – the Learning Guide.

So, I pass on the spinach, and I decide to “check out,” or go look at (investigate)the mushrooms. The mushrooms didn’t look any better. In fact, some of themushrooms were beginning to rot (rot). “To rot” is when something that is living,like a plant or a vegetable or a body begins to decay and decompose. When something dies it begins to fall apart, whether it’s a body or a banana. Usually itbegins to have a bad smell and it begins to come apart physically. So that is themeaning of to rot; it’s when something that was once living dies and begins tosmell and look ugly.

The mushrooms, I say, didn’t look any better because they were beginning to rot,so I picked up some lettuce – I took some lettuce and I put into my cart. My“cart” is another word for a shopping cart, which is a large metal basket onwheels that you use in a store; you push it. I picked up some lettuce and put it inmy cart, and I then headed for the checkout stand. “To head for” means to go inthe direction of. The “checkout stand” is the part of the grocery store where youpay for your food.

I was feeling pretty good about my new decision to eat better. But then, I passed(I walked by) the cookie aisle. In a store, you have usually several “aisles.”

These are basically rows where you have food on both sides, usually on shelves.

So I pass by the cookie aisle, the aisle that had the cookies in it, and my resolveweakened. Remember we mentioned “resolve” as being your decision to dosomething – to change something. Here it’s used as a noun: my resolveweakened. “To weaken” means to become less strong, to become weaker. Ispotted (I saw) my favorite type of cookies. Before I knew what I was doing, I’dput a bag of those cookies in my cart. So, I saw the cookies, I could not resistthem. I needed the cookies I thought, so I got them and I put them in my cart.

Finally I say, “I know I should be able to resist impulse buys.” An “impulse(impulse) buy (buy)” is something that you buy that you were not planning onbuying. You did not have the idea before you got to the store, but you saw it andyou decided to buy it. I say, “I know I should be able to resist impulse buys(meaning not buy those things), especially of things I’m likely to eat all in onesitting.” “All in one sitting” means all at once, at one time. If you give me a bagof potato chips I will eat them all in one sitting. “But,” I say, “don’t forget, I’meating more fruits and vegetables. With my new healthy diet, aren’t I allowed tofall off the wagon now and then?” The expression “to fall off the wagon” meansto resume a bad habit, to start doing something that you stopped doing such as,for example, smoking. If you say, “I’m going to stop smoking,” and then twomonths later you have a cigarette, you’ve fallen off the wagon. This is often usedfor people who are alcoholic, stop drinking, but then a few weeks, or months, oreven years later they start drinking again. They fall off the wagon.

Now let’s listen to the story, this time at a normal speed.

[start of story]

On my way home from work, I stopped at the supermarket. My doctor has beentelling me to eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, so I finally decided to followher advice. I resolved to eat better, so I could feel better. I made a beeline forthe produce department.

First, I looked for some bananas. Since they ripen off the vine, I picked out somethat were already ripe and others that were still green. Next, I looked for sometomatoes. They looked picked over, but then I saw some organic tomatoes anddecided to give those a try. Then, I went to look for the spinach. I found it, but itdidn’t look fresh at all. The leaves were brown and wilted. I decided to pass onthe spinach and checked out the mushrooms. The mushrooms didn’t look anybetter. In fact, some were beginning to rot. I picked up some lettuce instead andheaded for the checkout stand.

I was feeling pretty good about my new decision to eat better. But then, I passedthe cookie aisle. My resolve weakened. I spotted my favorite type of cookies.

Before I knew what I was doing, I’d put a bag of those cookies in my cart.

I know I should be able to resist impulse buys, especially of things I’m likely toeat all in one sitting, but don’t forget, I’m eating more fruits and vegetables. Withmy new healthy diet, aren’t I allowed to fall off the wagon now and then?

[end of story]

You should never pass on a script written by our scriptwriter, the wonderful Dr.

Lucy Tse.

From Los Angeles, California, I’m Jeff McQuillan. Thank you for listening. Comeback and listen to us next time on ESL Podcast.

English as a Second Language Podcast is written and produced by Dr. Lucy Tse,hosted by Dr. Jeff McQuillan, copyright 2010 by the Center for EducationalDevelopment.