VOA英语教学：美语训练班 043

 　　A: 大家好! 我是王怡茹欢迎来到...

　　B：欢迎来到美语训练班!我是Kat, 我来介绍一下节目内容。今天...
　　A: Kat! Why did you steal my line? 你怎么抢我台词啊？
　　B: Oops!被你发现了。
　　A: 行吧，你要是愿意，就来介绍今天的节目吧!
　　B：好! 今天，咱们要去健身， 买些有机食品，要去赌场试试手气，还要告诉大家用美语怎么说“崩溃”。
　　A: 行啊 Kat, 介绍得不错!
　　B: Thanks!
　　A: 不过在节目一开始，咱们先来学个词儿!
　　Learn A Word #1445 powerhouse
　　学个词 for 02/19/2012
　　YangL/Lin
　　今天我们要学的词是powerhouse. Powerhouse is spelled p-o-w-e-r-h-o-u-s-e, powerhouse. Powerhouse 强大的集团或组织。本周中国国家副主席习近平访美。奥巴马提出了两国间贸易不平衡的问题 。Obama said that with China's rise as an economic powerhouse came a responsibility to ensure balanced trade flows. 奥巴马说，随着中国崛起为经济强国，中国有责任确保贸易流的平衡。Illinois remained an agriculture powerhouse in 2011. 2011年，伊利诺依州保持农业大州的地位。哈佛大学毕业生林书豪在NBA掀起了一场旋风。不过，Harvard is not a basketball powerhouse. 哈佛大学并不是篮球球星的高产地。好的，今天我们学习的词是powerhouse, powerhouse, powerhouse.
　　B: See Yiru, you can't blame me for stealing your lines. I'm just a radio powerhouse! I can't control myself when it comes to being an amazing host! Why are you so upset?
　　A: 我就是不喜欢老被人打断。 I have a friend who never lets me finish a sentence- she's always talking right over me.
　　B: Ah, I understand. I could see how you would have a bit of a chip on your shoulder from always having someone cut you off.
　　A: Chip on my shoulder? chip 不是指什么东西碎了，破了么？Kat, 她只不过是打断我的话而已，她可没把我打坏呀!
　　B: Hahaha, that's not the kind of "chip" we're talking about here. You'll understand once you listen to this episode of Words and Idioms!
　　Words and Idioms Chip on one's shoulder
　　现在播送<美国习惯用语>第 956讲。我是杨琳。
　　M：我是 Douglas Johnson.
　　女: 今天晚上我们准备去姐姐家吃饭，可是我一点也不想去。原因是这样，一个月前，我男朋友想要重新粉刷房子。虽然我侄子很想赚这个钱，但我男朋友还是找了个更有经验的粉刷工。闹得我侄子到现在都耿耿于怀。现在每次我们看到他都很尴尬。让我想到一句习惯用语，那就是：
　　M：Chip on one's shoulder. Chip is spelled c-h-i-p, and shoulder; s-h-o-u-l-d-e-r. Chip-on-one's shoulder.
　　女: Chip是木块的意思，而chip on one's shoulder，就是心里有根刺，怀恨在心的意思。上面我提到，因为我男朋友没有把粉刷工作交给我的侄子，他一直心里有根刺。他一直在生我们的气，这也就是为什么我不想去姐姐家吃晚饭的原因。下面这个例子里，我们来看看这名年轻学生遇到了什么困难。
　　M: "When I first went to private school, I had a hard time. I wasn't used to being around kids who came from wealthy families. And that upset me. Years later, my classmates told me how I always had a CHIP ON MY SHOULDER. That's because I felt they treated me badly because I wasn't rich."
　　[这段话是说: 我最开始到私人学校上学的时候，特别不适应。我不习惯跟那些富裕家庭的孩子在一起。很多年之后，我的同学告诉我，他们总觉得我非常冷漠，心里有根刺似的。这可能是因为我觉得自己不够富有，所以老觉得其他人对我不友善。]
　　女：这也能够理解，如果总觉得自己不如别人，很容易就会变得性格古怪。一般来说在比赛中，输掉的一方都会have a chip on its shoulder. 可是今年的女子世界杯，美国女足给大家树立了一个好榜样。In interviews after the game, the American team showed how to be graceful in defeat. Team members didn't seem to have a CHIP ON THEIR SHOULDERS. 在赛后接受采访时，美国队显示了如何从容地面对失利。她们一点也没有怀恨在心。好了，我们再来听听刚才那段话:
　　M: "When I first went to private school, I had a hard time. I wasn't used to being around kids who came from wealthy families. And that upset me. Years later, my classmates told me how I always had a CHIP ON MY SHOULDER. That's because I felt they treated me badly because I wasn't rich."
　　女：大家都希望有个好的工作环境，这对每个人也确实非常重要。但是同事之间难免存在竞争，就像下面这个人 ，他在竞争中胜出了，可是还有什么可为难的呢? 我们来听听他对同事讲的一番话:
　　M: "We've both wanted to move up in the company. So I'm sorry that the boss promoted me and not you. Every time I try to talk to you, you've got a CHIP ON YOUR SHOULDER. But if you want to be mad at someone, it should be with her. She made the decision."
　　[这段话是说: 我知道咱俩都想升职。所以对于老板没有给你升职我感到很遗憾。但是每次我跟你说话的时候，你都好像对我怀恨在心似的。如果你要生谁的气，应该也是老板的气。因为是她做的决定。]
　　同事间相互竞争向来是个难以处理的问题。升职了当然高兴，可是也难免遭到其他人的嫉妒。上面的例子中，My co-worker always has a chip on his shoulder because the boss didn't give him a promotion. 我的同事因为老板没给他升职而怀恨在心。好的，我们再来听听刚才那段话:
　　M: "We've both wanted to move up in the company. So I'm sorry that the boss promoted me and not you. Every time I try to talk to you, you've got a CHIP ON YOUR SHOULDER. But if you want to be mad at someone, it should be with her. She made the decision."
　　今天我们学习的习惯用语是CHIP ON ONE'S SHOULDER，意思是“心里有刺，怀恨 在心”。好的，这次[美国习惯用语]就到此结束，我是杨琳，我是 Douglas Johnson。谢谢各位的收听。
　　A: 我有个朋友，就只因为有一次我没去她的生日party, 她到现在都不理我! She always has a chip on her shoulder just because of such a little thing!
　　B：Hmm....那你向她道歉了吗?
　　A: 当然了! 我又写邮件，又发短信，又打电话，可她就是不理我。我也听别的朋友说，她经常有一点小事就大惊小怪的。
　　B: Yeah. Some people are like that. They tend to freak out over little things- they're so high-maintenance! You can't do a single thing wrong when you are around them.
　　A: Totally! 说起 freak out, 正好今天咱们的美语怎么说就要提到这个词儿!
　　Freak Out
　　Jessia 在北京学中文，她的中国朋友要是遇到了不知道用美语怎么说的词，就会来请教她。今天是怡茹要问的：崩溃。
　　Jessica：Morning 怡茹! Oh..you don't look so well, are you sick?
　　YR: 生病倒没有，就是精神快崩溃了。老板让我做调研，一共需要1000多个样品数据! 我已经做了两个星期，头昏脑胀，可还是没做完! I am going crazy!
　　Jessica: Don't freak out yet. 怡茹，咱们一块想想办法!
　　YR: Wait a second...你说，freak out?
　　Jessica: Freak is spelled f-r-e-a-k, freak; freak out 就是崩溃的意思。
　　YR: OMG! That's totally me! I'm freaking out! 你说想办法，我已经上网找，问朋友，去图书馆查，都没有现成的数据，完全要自己一点一点搜集! 我觉得我已经走投无路了....
　　Jessica: Yeah... seems like you are at the end of your rope. This phrase basically means you are out of options. I'm so sorry 怡茹!
　　YR: At the end of my rope? 真形象。绳子到头了，没有别的办法。I'm SO at the end of my rope! Jessica，你说要是我无法按时完成任务，那可怎么办呀! 老板都催我两次了，我现在感觉如履薄冰。
　　Jessica: Yeah, being on thin ice is definitely not the best feeling in the world.
　　YR: On thin ice 就是中文里说的如履薄冰吧？太形象了。
　　Jessica: You know what? I'm not worried about you. I think you can definitely finish the assignment on time!
　　YR: 真的吗？好，那我加油，一定按时完成，做得漂漂亮亮的！
　　Jessica: That's the spirit!
　　YR: 我去了！ Bye Jessica!
　　Jessica: Wait 怡茹！ Before you go, tell me what you've learned today!
　　YR: 第一，崩溃可以用 to freak out;
　　第二，走投无路，无技可施是 at the end of someone's rope;
　　第三，如履薄冰是 on thin ice.
　　B： 我知道那种感觉。 Sometimes it just feels like nothing ever goes right and everything that could go wrong DOES go wrong! But other times, I feel like people purposefully find things to be upset about.
　　A: 阿? 故意找麻烦? 你说的是不是那种一点小事就大惊小怪的人?
　　B: Exactly. My sister is always freaking out about little things that I think shouldn't matter. For example, she hates when I buy non-organic detergent!
　　A: 洗洁精还有有机的吗? 我以为这些都是化学品呢!
　　B: Well, actually here in America, we have all sorts of organic products. 下面的美语三级跳讲的就是这个!
　　A: Let's listen and find out!
　　Food: Intermediate
　　今天我们为您播出“美语三级跳”节目“食物”单元的中级课程。
　　Professor: Doug and Liz are at a supermarket buying food to cook for dinner. In the last episode they ate a lot of fast food, so now they want to buy some healthy organic food.
　　MC: 不过，professor Bowman, organic food--有机食品价格比较贵，不知道 Doug和Liz 舍不舍得买。
　　Professor: Let's listen and find out.
　　Liz: Alright Doug, first we need to buy some produce. What kinds of fruits and vegetables should we get?
　　Doug: Wow, look how big those oranges are! Let's get some of those.
　　Liz: No let's not get those. They put all kinds of artificial things into them to make them grow that big. Let's get some organic ones.
　　Doug: But the organic ones are much smaller and more expensive.
　　Liz: Doug, it's worth it to pay more for healthy food.
　　Doug 想买那些又圆又大的橙子， 可Liz说，这些橙子是人工助长的，不健康，她想买纯天然的有机食品。对了，Professor, 什么是produce?
　　Professor: "Produce" is a general word for fruits and vegetables. If you go to a store and want to buy fruits and vegetables, you can ask where the produce section is.
　　我明白了，produce就是蔬菜水果这些农产品。
　　Liz: Alright, next we have to go to the dairy section. We need milk and cheese.
　　Doug: Great! I have a coupon for milk. It's only 2 dollars per gallon!
　　Liz: No way! I want all-natural milk. The Happy Cow Milk Company gives its cows massages every day and lets them listen to music.
　　Doug: Yeah, and it's three times more expensive! Who cares if the cows are really happy and relaxed?
　　Liz: A happy cow is a healthy cow, and a healthy cow produces the best milk!
　　MC: Professor Bowman, dairy在这里是指奶制品吧？
　　Professor: Exactly. And remember, in America, milk is usually sold in gallons.
　　噢，在美国，牛奶按“gallon”，“加仑”卖。Doug 说，他有一张牛奶的coupon--优惠券，可是 Liz不要这种便宜牛奶，她要一家给乳牛按摩、听音乐的公司出的牛奶。
　　Professor: Can you believe that? I think buying organic food is good, but massages for cows are a little ridiculous.
　　Liz: Alright, now let's go get some soap. Can you go get me some all-natural deodorant?
　　Doug: All-natural deodorant? Oh come on, Liz. Deodorants with chemicals in them work much better.
　　Liz: No way! All those chemicals are really bad for your health. I don't want to get cancer.
　　Doug: Yeah, but I don't want to have a girlfriend who smells really bad. Liz, you can buy all-natural food, but I draw the line at personal hygiene.
　　哇，Liz 连deodorant--香氛剂都要all-natural--纯天然。
　　Professor: She seems to be worried that the chemicals in other deodorants will give her cancer.
　　可Doug 说“draws the line at personal hygiene”是什么意思呢？
　　Professor: Winnie, when you draw the line at something, it means you will not tolerate it. For example, it's good for people to be nice to their pets, but when they treat them like children, that's where I draw the line.
　　我明白了， draw the line at something就是“拒绝接受”的意思。Doug 说，Liz可以买全天然食物，但不能买全天然的香氛剂，因为没有化学成分的香氛剂根本不香，Liz会变得臭臭的，Doug可受不了这样的女朋友。
　　Professor: Exactly. Now let's listen to them paying the cashier.
　　Cashier: Would you like paper or plastic?
　　Doug: We'll take plastic bags.
　　Liz: Doug, what are you doing? We can't use plastic bags. They're bad for the environment!
　　Doug: OK fine. Can you put them in paper bags please?
　　Liz: Doug, paper is bad for the environment too! They have to cut down trees to make paper bags.
　　Doug: Well what are we going to do? We need some kind of bag to bring the groceries home.
　　Liz: Let's buy a cloth bag that's reusable. They're only 10 dollars.
　　Doug: I was afraid you would say that!
　　Professor: So Winnie, why doesn't Liz want to put the groceries in paper or plastic bags?
　　她觉得塑料袋和纸袋都对环境有害，所以要买个可以反复用的布袋子。Professor，Doug和Liz买这么多菜，不知道会做些什么好吃的!
　　Professor: Listen next time to find out!
　　A: 看来Liz是个有机产品的铁杆粉丝，她不仅要买organic food 有机食品，all natural milk 纯天然牛奶，还要买all-natural deodorant, 纯天然香氛剂。不过，虽然说这种纯天然的产品对健康有利，但是如果什么都要纯天然的，还真是挺麻烦的。
　　B: 对啊，什么都要适度嘛。 Maybe she's obsessed with organic products because she has an addictive personality.
　　A: Addictive personality? 就是很容易对一样东西上瘾的性格么？
　　B：Exactly. A lot of gamblers or drug users have addictive personalities! Once they start something, they can't stop.
　　A: 对啊，嗜赌如命的人身上就有这种上瘾的性格成分。这期business etiquette正好讲到赌博，咱们来听一听!
　　礼节美语---BE-229 Gambling I
　　PATRICIA去找同事Kelly。
　　PATRICIA: Hey, Kelly...the boss just called me into his office. You and I have to go to Macau for a meeting with our international marketing department. The meeting is on a Friday afternoon so I was thinking we could spend the weekend down there!
　　Kelly: Macau, eh? So I guess you're thinking about doing some gambling, right?
　　P: Well, it is legal in Macau. We might as well take advantage of this golden opportunity! Oh, there's John. John and I used to win some serious money in Las Vegas.
　　PATRICIA告诉Kelly，老板让他们两人星期五去澳门出差，跟公司的国际营销部同事开会，问Kelly愿不愿意索性在澳门待一个周末，去赌场试试手气。这时候，另外一位同事John走过来，PATRICIA说，John和他以前就曾在美国的赌城拉斯维加斯赢过不少钱，他说的some serious money意思是可观的数额。John说，
　　John: Yep, Pat and I used to go to Las Vegas at least twice a year. Gambling can be a lot of fun.
　　K: I've never really seen the appeal of gambling. I know it's possible to win big, but I've never won. I really hate losing money.
　　P: I hear you....but if you ever hit a jackpot you'll be addicted for life!
　　J: Winning is a pretty good feeling, but a lot of people can take it too far. PATRICIA, did you hear about Joe?
　　P: You mean Joe Klein? How's he doing?
　　J: Not so good. He lost his house and his wife left him. We didn't know it at the time, but he actually had a serious gambling problem.
　　John 和 Patricia 以前每年至少一起去两次拉斯维加斯。Kelly说自己逢赌必输，所以赌钱对她没有appeal吸引力。PATRICIA说，虽然win big赢大钱的机会不多，但是if you ever hit a jackpot, you'll be addicted for life. 一旦中了头奖，就会一辈子上瘾。John说，赢钱感觉是不错，但千万不能 take it too far 玩过头，他们有个朋友Joe Klein had a serious gambling problem. 就是赌钱上瘾，结果输了房子不说，老婆也不要他了。
　　P: Really? That's too bad.
　　J: He was over $75,000 in debt...so eventually the bank took his house. As you can imagine, his wife wasn't too happy about that.
　　K: See? These are exactly the kind of stories I'm talking about! I think gambling can be as addictive as illegal drugs!
　　J: And I would have to agree. I don't have an addictive personality by nature so I'm generally able to control myself. But...I have lost more money than I can afford on more than one occasion.
　　Kelly 觉得，gambling can be as addictive as illegal drugs. 赌博跟毒品差不多，让人上瘾。John 表示赞同，他说自己虽然自控能力比较强，and don't have an addictive personality by nature 也不是那种做事喜欢上铎d的人，但是赌钱的时候，还是不止一次输得超出了自己的承受能力，这里说的 more than one occasion 意思是不止一次。
　　A: 中国人说，小赌怡情，大赌伤身! 不过我看，有时间还是多运动运动，才是健康的生活方式!
　　B: I agree! Let's go to the gym and do some exercise to keep fit!
　　American Sports English Keeping Fit 健美
　　Y: Hey Patrick, 我今天才发现你很健美，you look fit, masculine, macho.....
　　P: Well that goes without saying, Yang Chen. I'm just awesome.
　　Y: 你简直就像Arnold Schwarzenegger.
　　P: You mean I look like an old man? Thanks so much, Yang Chen.
　　Y: No, 我是说你像健美先生Mr. Fitness。Hey, seriously, 你是怎么样 keep fit? Doing Kungfu?
　　P: No Kungfu panda.
　　Well, I actually I lift weights.
　　Y 举重
　　P And I do cardiovascular C-A-R-D-I-O-V-A-S-C-U-L-A-R exercises.
　　Y: Cardiovascular exercises 都包括什么?
　　P: Cardiovascular ━ or just cardio ━ is exercise that helps burn calories by working the heart, such as running, biking, and hiking.
　　Y: Ok, stop. 跑步，骑车，爬山，太多了吧，虽然我想减肥 可是well I really don't like cardio
　　P: You look OK. But if you can shed a couple of pounds here and there, that would be perfect.
　　Y: Shed a couple of pounds? 你是说我太胖? Gee, thanks I guess. 可是我不想加入健身俱乐部。
　　P: Why not?
　　Y: I can't afford the membership fees. 一年要好多年费。太贵了。
　　But I do exercise.
　　P: How?
　　Y: Shopping. I get to do some cardio by walking around, and my arm muscles get exercise from all of the things I have to carry that I bought!
　　Macy百货商店在大降价。我走了。Bye.
　　A: Kat, 这几天天气真好，感觉春天来了! 真想出去活动活动!
　　B: You should join me for a jog after work! It's fun and refreshing, and a great way to enjoy the weather!
　　A: Good idea! 今天下班就去和你一起慢跑! 好了, 这次节目时间到了。这次的撰稿人是小北，编辑是蔚然。同学们，我们下次再见！
　　B：See you !