科学美国人60秒 SSS Hair Cells Could Heal Skin Sans Scars
时间：2018-12-24 作者：英语课 分类：2017年Scientific American(一)月
Long ago, before Band–Aids, or even medicine of any kind, our ancestors evolved to heal cuts themselves. If you got sliced open, the body blocked it up, to prevent blood loss, water loss, infection. But as we gained that power—we sacrificed something else.
"So we've evolved to heal very quickly, or as quickly as possible, at the expense of regenerating 1 skin the way it used to be." George Cotsarelis, a skin biologist at the University of Pennsylvania who studies that newly healed skin—aka scars. "And the feature of scars is that they don't have hair follicles, sweat glands 2 or fat."
In that observation lies a clue, which Cotsarelis and his team investigated in mice. They found that, when mice were injured, hair follicles sometimes regenerated 3 at the wound site. And where hair cells appeared, fat cells did, too—the fat that sits under normal skin, as a cushion. "The bottom line is that the follicle has these almost magical powers where it's really normalizing the skin architecture." Meaning hair cells are good for reducing scarring.
In their latest work, in the journal Science, they isolated 4 a growth factor called BMP from the hair follicles. It's a signal the follicles send to neighboring cells. They then exposed human scar cells to BMP, in a dish. They found that the growth factor did indeed help to reprogram the scar cells to fat cells, nudging them down a different developmental path. [Maksim V. Plikus et al., Regeneration of fat cells from myofibroblasts during wound healing]
Cotsarelis says a magic scar-free ointment 5 is probably a ways off. "It's a very complicated process and knowing the timing 6 of when to introduce things, how to introduce them, and the delivery of the compounds is important." But if we figure that out—we might someday be able to coax 7 our skin to heal itself…without leaving visible evidence behind.
—Christopher Intagliata
- It is not proposed to deal with the detailed histology of regenerating tissues here. 这里未提出详细的再生组织的组织学。 来自辞典例句
- This is accomplished by using a thermocompressor to recycle regenerating steam through the absorber. 它用热压机使再生蒸汽经吸附器循环完成解吸过程。 来自辞典例句
- They are regarded as being enveloped in regenerated gneisses. 它们被认为包围在再生的片麻岩之中。 来自辞典例句
- The party soon regenerated under her leadership. 该党在她的领导下很快焕然一新。 来自辞典例句
- His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
- Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。
- Your foot will feel better after the application of this ointment.敷用这药膏后，你的脚会感到舒服些。
- This herbal ointment will help to close up your wound quickly.这种中草药膏会帮助你的伤口很快愈合。