时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:2017年Scientific American(一)月


英语课

 


LSD is one of the most potent 1 hallucinogenic drugs—active at just around 100 micrograms…a miniscule amount. That fact has fascinated pharmacologists for decades. Namely, how can it have such long-lasting effects…12 hours or more…at such tiny doses? 


To find out, researchers legally obtained LSD. And built copies of the receptors it binds 2 to in the brain—serotonin receptors. They mixed the LSD and the receptors together, and crystallized the result. They then imaged the structure, using x-ray crystallography.


And they found that when LSD linked up with the serotonin receptor, a sort of "lid" formed over it. Almost like the drug went in, then pulled the door shut behind it. "You could think of the top part of LSD as a hand, holding onto the latch 3 and pulling it down." Bryan Roth, a pharmacologist at University of North Carolina in Chapel 4 Hill involved in the research. 


"This explains why LSD is so potent, why such a small amount of it is active, and secondly 5 why it lasts for such a long period of time. Because basically once it gets in there it takes hours to come off the receptor." The study is in the journal Cell. [Daniel Wacker et al., Crystal Structure of an LSD-Bound Human Serotonin Receptor]


The result may also explain why microdosing—taking even smaller amounts of LSD, at sub-psychedelic levels—might work as a mood enhancer, as some users have reported. "It's clear from the data we have that these small doses can engage these receptors, and of course we know that the receptors that LSD interacts with, they're the same receptors that are thought to be involved in antidepressant drug action." 


Roth does not advocate trying it out. But he says the discovery of the "lid" might someday lead to the development of novel antidepressants—ones with long-lasting effects, at just the tiniest of doses.


—Christopher Intagliata



1 potent
adj.强有力的,有权势的;有效力的
  • The medicine had a potent effect on your disease.这药物对你的病疗效很大。
  • We must account of his potent influence.我们必须考虑他的强有力的影响。
2 binds
v.约束( bind的第三人称单数 );装订;捆绑;(用长布条)缠绕
  • Frost binds the soil. 霜使土壤凝结。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Stones and cement binds strongly. 石头和水泥凝固得很牢。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 latch
n.门闩,窗闩;弹簧锁
  • She laid her hand on the latch of the door.她把手放在门闩上。
  • The repairman installed an iron latch on the door.修理工在门上安了铁门闩。
4 chapel
n.小教堂,殡仪馆
  • The nimble hero,skipped into a chapel that stood near.敏捷的英雄跳进近旁的一座小教堂里。
  • She was on the peak that Sunday afternoon when she played in chapel.那个星期天的下午,她在小教堂的演出,可以说是登峰造极。
5 secondly
adv.第二,其次
  • Secondly,use your own head and present your point of view.第二,动脑筋提出自己的见解。
  • Secondly it is necessary to define the applied load.其次,需要确定所作用的载荷。
学英语单词
4-h club advisor
A-light
address match circuit
air reversal valve
Alexandria paper
alkali metal grease
ampere conductor
automatic stacker storage systems
benzyrin
bills book
bismuth sodium thiosulfate
bon accueil
bouffant
bowlsbey
burnt flavour
burp
Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome
calcium ammonium phosphate
Calvi, Mte.
capacity load
chicken mite
co-tutor
coachmen
Colpitts
come near
Common-wealth of Nations
cut to ribbons
dat's
data layer
DBF in
desmoplastic reaction
Deutsche Schiffs-Revision und Klassifikation
fauxminist
genu of facial nerve
glycomimetic
grass roots approach
handy-tackle
helicism
hell-cats
humanrights
hyperacusia
impregnated insulating fabric
index blade
isosensitization
Javari
jazzpeople
Kennedyesque
leaks detecting with sound signal
Lectopam
long-horned grasshoppers
looked after
maker segment
marsh pedology
measuration
melamine plastic
Mempakul
meterage
mondos
needle clutch
niatt
nussed
oocyte nucleus
organocaesium
over-bow
piderit
pre-prove
provincially
Pulsatilla vulgaris
pulse-amplitude-modulated sample
rain chart
ratio irradiance
real time process control system
reciprocating rolling mill
redundant construction
remote takeover
resetting
ring the bells backward s
roches moutonnee
Rubus ellipticus
salt heap
sedimentary dynamics
shockt
silicate scale
sliced vencer
small anvil
small cap
space nuclear power
stre
supraphysiological
telegram multiple
tertiary risks
testing-bed test
three station duplex transmission system
to give me a hand
Tokusaga-mine
unimperiled
universal precision microtome
wage-cost
white-painted
whopperjawed
yave