科学美国人60秒 SSS Blood Cells Remember Your Mountain Vacation
时间：2018-12-24 作者：英语课 分类：2017年Scientific American(二)月
Head to the mountains, and if the steep trails don't slow you down, the thin air will. There's less oxygen up there—so strenuous 1 activity can leave you dizzy, out of breath…or worse. But even though you're beat, biochemical processes are already busy at work, acclimating 2 your body.
Scientists investigated those pathways in humans and mice. They found that exposure to low oxygen depletes 3 stores of a red-blood-cell protein called eENT1. That's a good thing. Because now other substances that protect your body against low oxygen are free to rapidly accumulate and help the body adapt.
But here's the kicker—once the eENT1 protein goes away, it doesn’t come back. Meaning red blood cells kind of 'remember' their altitude exposure. And that means if you hit the mountains again soon enough, you can acclimate 4 faster than you did the first time. The findings are in the journal Nature Communications. [Anren Song et al., Erythrocytes retain hypoxic adenosine response for faster acclimatization upon re-ascent]
There is one caveat 5. "In humans the red blood cell lifespan is 120 days." Study author Yang Xia, a biochemist with the UT Health Science Center in Houston. "So the longer you stay at sea level before you re-climb to high altitude, then such memory will gradually disappear." So unless you're a frequent mountain climber—there's really no shortcut 6 to acclimatization. Then again, there's no shortcut to the summit, either.
—Christopher Intagliata
- He made strenuous efforts to improve his reading. 他奋发努力提高阅读能力。
- You may run yourself down in this strenuous week.你可能会在这紧张的一周透支掉自己。
- Stress depletes both energy and motivation. 压力不仅消耗体力而且让你丧失动力。
- Scientists refute a longstanding theory of how HIV slowly depletes the body's capacity to fight infection. 科学家驳倒一个爱滋病毒如何慢慢地耗尽身体容量对抗感染的长时间理论。
- I help them acclimate to living in the U.S.我帮助他们适应在美国的生活。
- How much time does she need to acclimate?她需要多少时间才能适应？