时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(六)月


英语课

Each of us harbors a unique collection of bacteria, on our outsides and our insides. Now, scientists are finding that the bacteria you get at birth may depend on how you got here. Because babies born vaginally have a different set of microbes than those that arrive by Caesarean-section. The work appears in the Proceedings 1 of the National Academy of Sciences.


The uterus is a sterile 2 environment. So, in the womb, babies don’t have any bacteria to call their own. It’s only once they enter the world that they begin to collect the microbes that will colonize 3 their bodies and help shape their immunity 4. But where do these bugs 5 come from?


Scientists sampled the bacterial 6 flora 7 from nine newborns and their mothers. And they found that babies who passed through the birth canal harbored bacteria that matched their moms’ vaginal microbiota. Whereas babies delivered by C-section had microbes typically found on the skin.


The scientists say the results could help explain why babies that arrive by C-section are more susceptible 8 to certain infections. Vaginal microbes might be quicker than skin bugs at snagging all the best bodily real estate, a land grab that could keep harmful infections from getting a foot in the door.


Thanks for the minute for Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I’m Karen Hopkin.

 



1 proceedings
n.进程,过程,议程;诉讼(程序);公报
  • He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
  • to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼
2 sterile
adj.不毛的,不孕的,无菌的,枯燥的,贫瘠的
  • This top fits over the bottle and keeps the teat sterile.这个盖子严实地盖在奶瓶上,保持奶嘴无菌。
  • The farmers turned the sterile land into high fields.农民们把不毛之地变成了高产田。
3 colonize
v.建立殖民地,拓殖;定居,居于
  • Around 700 Arabs began to colonize East Africa.公元700年阿拉伯人开始把东非变为殖民地。
  • Japan used to colonize many countries in Asia.日本曾经殖民过许多亚洲国家。
4 immunity
n.优惠;免除;豁免,豁免权
  • The law gives public schools immunity from taxation.法律免除公立学校的纳税义务。
  • He claims diplomatic immunity to avoid being arrested.他要求外交豁免以便避免被捕。
5 bugs
adj.疯狂的,发疯的n.窃听器( bug的名词复数 );病菌;虫子;[计算机](制作软件程序所产生的意料不到的)错误
  • All programs have bugs and need endless refinement. 所有的程序都有漏洞,都需要不断改进。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The sacks of rice were swarming with bugs. 一袋袋的米里长满了虫子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
7 flora
n.(某一地区的)植物群
  • The subtropical island has a remarkably rich native flora.这个亚热带岛屿有相当丰富的乡土植物种类。
  • All flora need water and light.一切草木都需要水和阳光。
8 susceptible
adj.过敏的,敏感的;易动感情的,易受感动的
  • Children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
  • We are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。
标签: SSS vaginally
学英语单词
a noise
aerodynamic characteristics of nose
afrocentrisms
application for transfer
asparagyl
automatic belt blending conveyer
azo-initiator
beekman
Bokota
bottle gentians
call sth in question
children's game
clonograph
co-existences
conditional duty free importation
conical cap
continente
corn-powder
cut eye
Cycas revoluta Thunb.
daill
darleys
data collection platform
deafnesses
deductive operation on structured object
dilettis
directimaging mass analyzer
drive-end bearing
ductus vitellinus
dump box
durnstein
El Dorado, Eldorado, eldorados
fire retardants
Frome
Hoar Edge Grits
human nutriology
humping gradient section
ice-patterned glass
ideome
impact shearing strength
injection of boundary layer
Itamos
jerrymandered
jodfenphos
ketosuria
kmetia fici
laue background
level of organization
Lyencephaly
machine reel
magnetic tape file formatter
matters of fact
Megacarpaea delavayi
micco-nijector
misdefining
misstayed
monkey screw wrench
mucro sterni
non-star
Nymphaea tetragona
obsessive compulsive disorder
open centre hydraulic system
organization function
partial system
perch basin
phatic communion
pierre teilhard de chardins
poland-china swine
program exit hub
psychobiography
pteris inaequalis mettenius
puffback
Q score
raffaellas
re-frenzy
recovery pegs
reflex horn
removal of marine growth
response ratio
retail store cooperative
scorpionfish
self-bonding material
semen foenigraeci
Sigismund I
soap star
soi-disant
standard hydrogen electrode
stingfish
stretcher strain markings
striated zone
superpersonality
tectaria dissecta
town-and-country
transaction selection
traveling screen
tremella pulvinalis
turpentining
vegf
venona
video-display adaptor
wages pressure
Ybycui