时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
acetylenic link(age)
acid nitrile
antimony spot
antitwilight
approved list
Balgheim
batch filte
Biedermeier style
boomeranglike
burnt flavour
can burner
cataclesis
cazzo
cellulose propionate
Chandler motion
cheating coloration
cheatsheet
classical picture
con-di (convergent-divergent) nozzle
control tool
cottony rot
data inputting methodology
data monitoring system
deexcitation effect
defuze
devernalization
double full
double indemnities
dyshemopoietic
emergency medical technician
encrypt data
Erevan
ethnopharmacologist
explosive agent
external database
felonious murder
fluproquazone
flush joint
flutter checker
gain one's laurels
general disturbance
go on watch
Gramalote
hatch bar
HB-S
heat-forming food
house-painting
human treatment
hypsographic tinting
I-2
impounded level
interpersonal role
intersexed
itacolumites
kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth)
kkk
lights-out management
macebearer
magnitude of physical quantity
mahfuckas
manpower ratios
marisat (marine communications satellite)
merit review summary
methane-steam process
microwave holography
optimal searching method
orthros
out-rove
paid sick leave
pill-rolling
Plot-survey
prefabricated platform
primary lymphedema
propensed
Protochoanites
protonation equilibrium
railway tunnel work
ramus dorsalis recurrens n. vagi
ratio of net income to net worth
real-time Doppler imaging system
reverse-pickpocketed
Rhona
sanitude
sap displacement process
scabre
set a countenance
spinuss
standard stimulus
start stop time
system of defence
theodolite photo
thiopeptin
time-invariant channel
traffic information
triradiate ridge
universal time scale
weigh little
Window Rock
wunderkinders
yearths
you what?
Zhumulangma