时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
acephalus dibrachius
air leakage test
allelomimicry
amine transporter
assortment breadth
balase
blame game
blank with qualified name
blew her own trumpet
blood poisonings
browst
Cellulone
child-murder
Chiungchus-suan Age
citric dehydrogenase
clutch foot lever bracket
cogman
colo(u)r fastness grading
computer systems administrator
consistent axioms
contingent credit risk
counter-electromotive-force inverter
crowned republics
denialists
double end mill
DP (dynamic programming)
dynamic differential calorimetry
elongation of internode
engine support bracket
Eutrema lancifolium
export contract
focile minus antibrachii
foregrasp
freakout
geepoo
gerling
ground hog
heavy aggregate concrete
HHTA
Hoeyang
house service boiler
Housing bond
huntii
hystricids
imbrued
imidazolidinethione
impedance voltage
influence-peddling
inhalation anesthesias
intasuchid
irmagi
Irurita
Kubu
Lazzaro Spallanzani
lead tee T
Left turn!
Mallearis
mayson's hygrometer
methyl-tryptophane
mitreblock
moderate-to-high
molar gland
non-timber product forest?
normal complex
palona
patrilicality
payment-in-kind
perflates
photoeceptor structure
political criminal
ponderator
pressure-gradient force
pump storage unit
putridae epixylophytia
realtor.com
Redingensians
reverse-current release
right of pre-emption
ring section
rustons
Scutechiniscidae
senior control operator
sfz.
shared server
shindig
soskices
substantial shareholder
summit meeting
sunrise service
Tanintharyi
theologians
thighboots
tileman
to close the meeting
unspilts
untrend
unwritten code
wage push inflation
wakes
wedgeworth
wholesale-sponsored voluntary chain
you and yours