时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
a low range of prices
aircraft instrument
anti-pornographies
arancino
awareness message
bills of quantities
bushed bearing
char-a-banc
conioscypha bambusicola
crowded in on
cyanizing
death sentences
debris bag
defiliations
dendrophile
drawn clause
drop something in someone's lap
Early County
electron crack
electrostrictive coupling
family ruscaceaes
Fargesia solida
feeding place
final condition
genetic testing
guide bead
guizards (scotland)
gun steel
half-wild
have command of
hide one's face
honeyfugled
hot bar method
hydrogen system trouble
idomeneos
intercondylar area
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
kryptomerous (crypotmerons)
layovers
leaf chopper(mulberry)
left margin detect
ligamenta collateralia interdigitalia
loose-leaf accounting book
lumber core construction
lunary
maintenance control system
Maxwellian viewing system
MCTS
meat curing
medium and very high frequency direction-finding station
molding allowance
naevi papillomatosus
Naninne
navigation console
neuropterus
news cast
NOx
nylon 12
Open Host Controller Interface
oppressings
outskiing
overemotive
parties involved
party-lining
Phamacopoeia
plant-wide
Quercus malacotricha
removable discontinuity
Rogationtide
RPTD
scandalised
sidden
silver arsenite
similar projective representations
software trap
solution of difference equation
spheroid colony
squamosity
strip width controller
surface etching
surte
swing on
symphystemonous
talks turkey
temperate rainy climate
thiobacilli
three-way rope position system
thumb impression
Tineola
tires out
title of account
transactivists
umpires'boat
Vanadio-ardennite
variable stage
visible-range monitor
watchers
waveform separation
writing-ups
Wüstenrot
zero-day exploit
zymogram