时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
Accept Record
actor-oriented
afterdrying
algesl receptor
assagaiing
avascular necroses
banded-mail
biotite melilitite
bromouracils
bureaucratise
bursattee
cane joint
capuzzi
carboxyl(ic) group
centring bolts
claims assessor
classification by special function
completely continuous
compurgator
cytotoxicity assay
distributing centre
dyou
elastic top
electronic valve
ement
etine
externally fired fire tube boiler
freebuf
friendings
functionallization
gas turbine performance
geomorphic equilibrium
geoscopy
glide plane
Griffith crack
ground truth
heuristic method of teaching
horizontalized
horn-plate
Horus names
idle worker
impeller assembly
interaction phase
iodocompound
jots down
khalif, khalifa
Kwando (Cuando)
lead article
Li Shangyin
limit gage
lycctonine
malever
marine products bureau
Meas/Vac(inactivated)
medical research center
mixed power plant
naawi
ohias
other numerical methods
oxofangchirine
PAYE pay as you earn
Poly(ribitol-phosphate)beta-glucosyltransferase
post-tussic
product release
pseudopolyp
punching powder
Quigualagua
radial shaft seal
resplendent quetzel
retransmission still being attempted
river community
roarie
seniority pay
Shantarskoye More
sieve scheme
sinusoidal sweep
skin temperature
slowbreak
stained preparation
Stenje
sundriest
survey handbook
terminal character mapping
tertiary prevention
Tetragoga
Tométikondji
top blown converter steelmaking
torques off
ultra-violet ray intercepting glass
undought
unpops
unprided
unwhirled
uranolites
vecchione
VHF (very high frequency)
Villaseco de los Reyes
Volturno, Fiume
whip-like
xoo
yeehaw