时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
alight on the lure
arrowslits
arthritics
asyntactic
boscotrecase
botrytis allii-fistulosi
brammall
carbonyl sulphide (ocs)
carrier frequency oscillator
changing line of slopes
code (in computer programming)
comparably
competent organization
computer simulation of intelligence
construction surveying
cyathus stercoreus
data exchange control
diaphragm-seal pressure gauge
division of ship
double decker box bag
eco-labellings
economic reprisal
electrode prong
Euphrasia regelii
facetectomies
finger on
fiserv
functional coating
gallo tannin acid
Genabilin
genus Antrozous
Germfask
greater alar cartilage
high demand for investment
hoisting fall
incoherent scattering radar
infrared scanning system
intelligent ship
inter-array
intermediate center office (or station)
internal-threading tool
interrupted speech
itis
job roles
legal talent
Libral Well
link popularity checker
lossel
low-context culture
low-energy neutron source
luxurious
manual rate
marine plywood
maximum recorded flow
mek
meningohydro-encephalocele
mystic
night or day
niphona yanoi yanoi
nonhumanity
off year election
old-man cactus
out gas
perogi
plate diaphragm
platinocyanic acid
primary paper
primordia
principle of checks and balances
Queen Maud Land
radiant flux illuminance measurement
relief in the form of money
rod in tension
schizophreniacs
Schottky diode
service register
Smilax ferox
spirit-self
staple industry
stem the flood
stick one's neck out
strengite
Stuartia
stuff
Suretka
swivel-vice
synchronous trap operation
tape coating
the upper portion of the embryo axis
Tosno
Ulmus sarniensis
unforeseeability
urticaria tuberosa
USAT
vertical flight path
vnement
W-Z-chromosomes
wading through
walbrook
whiteleather
wrawling
X-ray powder diffractometer