时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
abacarus machilus
adenain
after washing
ameboid cell
arc without contact
aspirest
back slope
bank scale
big base plough
bismjol
blink fencer
Bond-equivalent basis
bud-sport
canonical random variables
casimire
cathouses
Ch'ǒnma-gun
cnap
come into
conaire
corpulence
cyberindustry
Da Fano bodies
Dalbayn Hural
diabetophobia
diads'
dizzardly
Doppler ultrasound fetal beat detector
double-compound engine
electric explosion tested locomotive
eosentomon coruscoculi
Equisetinae
Finidim
fraena
fuel pellet
garroters
genotron
give the sonsure to
gray-scalest
heap storage management
immersion thermocouple
individual sample
inductance measurement
industrial enterprise management
intertrochanteric fossae
irradiation switch
kidnapping
La Jibarera
labouredly
Liceales
local membrane stress
Luis Bunuel
malignant ulcer
Malila
maudlinness
mesenchymes
Mexcalapa, Ar.
moza
multinight
neurulations
nndp
nonequilibrium flow
outdoor insulation
ovis
padouk
parapristipoma trilineatum
particular form
peridontal anesthesia
physical instructor
point intention of movement
pragmatic reasoning schema
progression drier
rate of both profits and taxes on entire funds
Reserve Officer Training Corps
rhind-mart
rosette forming cell
scolytus multistriatuss
Sedum przewalskii
seela
senecas
spike driver
spleet-new
stainless steel sheath
subluxation of carpus
subtitles
Talisiipites
tattooees
tessier
thermofor
tricoline
trigeminal neuralgia
trilamellar membrane
tuner
Uintatheriidae
unamortized expense
underilluminated
vanderbeck
vertically challenged
warningfully
Weigert's metnod
white lead powder
worksome