时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
216
account-receivable programme
amphibious objective study
annalises
anti-vices
antigones
aromatic pepsin
at one's own pace
back up in parsing
bazzs
beam directional stability
benzyl methyl ether
binimen
black-market of foreign currency
Burretiodendron kydiifolium
check strap guide
confined concrete
cue-induced
D. Cx.
dihydroxycholanic acid
domingues
double rail-type hoist
dracons
drum sticks
drying shed
easing fishplate
East Sheba Ridge
elastic storativity
elongated eye
endosmosis-mose
flow cast
fluphenaxine
full-rates
gerris lacustriss
group maintenance leader
guaranteed person
guilmant
gwyniads
gynocentrism
helvarg
hemmorhoide
heterologous vaccine
Hvalfjördhur
hydronephrosis of pregnancy
imipenem
immediate association
induction motor type synchronous motor
interference dialatomer
klaunig
leafields
local pressure reducing chamber
maser amplifier
Megacles
Mesoarchean
micromelo guamensis
microprogram addressing
Microsoft Word file
misadvice
multirow roller bearing
n-ary composition
nematogenic
Neyraudia fanjingshanensis
nonbracketed
normal representation
one-address computer
orangutan
oscillating tooth
pacquet
paralyzings
pars ossea tubae auditivae
photoluminescences
piggin
pneumatic pressure regulator
popliteal artery entrapment syndrome
power removal
preciouses
psychologic theme
Pterospermum yunnanense
pyridium
quantity paper
quincupedal
random access ds-cdma
reefer car
roman catholic popes
Romeral
salmon
Savusavu B.
scheduled frequency
security alerting system
sphaeraestbesia
stream channel
target information
the other one
Torrent-regulation
turbulence method
twistor
U9889
unbalanced magnetic pull
unhate
unripened mash
western regions
working temperature difference