时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
aeroguns
alpha-active conditions
Ancerville
army engineers
askeys
attack aircraft carriers
banana quits
cat-cracker
cathode-ray tube modulation meter
certificate number
checkable code generating unit
chuck arbor
Clematis orientalis
Compiano
consound
cropmarks
crosscoupled
cutify
deadline scheduling
depurator
digitigrade
drying hopper
easy-blends
eightpences
electron-beam parametric amplifier
engelmannia
Erythraean Sea
fibrestock
Flat database
Francie
haematospectroscope
hardening yield value
harmonic-mean
has ya
have the ability to do sth
horizontal polka
human exposure
hydrallantois
industrial viscometer
inside-pages
inter-american commercial arbitation commission
kinin system
label (in organization of data)
lanthanum ion
law and regulation of sea
Liquid metal fast breeder reactor
loading capacity of vehicle
local matter
lung marking increase
mammary artery
mannagrass
morbus gallicus
MPWS
multibreathers
native materialism
neb
negate novelty
nonsine
noranhydroecgonine
normal maintenance operating plan
optical repeater power
optimum reorder point
performance concept
pharmaceutical manufacturer
proper value of a matrix
pushpole
quartz-latite
radio communication for train relieving
Rankin's Springs
read/write waiting time
safforne
sales value
sand boil
schoolish
scomberomorus maculatuss
service rivet
Shaxi
shunt nephritis
siege block
sliding throttle valve
spherical four-bar
steeple fair
stichocytes
straight welding
stress-controlled direct shear apparatus
superluminal expansion
synchroclock
tertium quid
threshold illumination
tide-rock
torture-chamber
traversing equipment
Truman State University
unassignable pumped
unpredictability
upcasts
usuginu
venae transversae colli
vertical investment
wind warmth
X type engine
yobibyte