时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
a calcium compound
a date
anorectal syphiloma
Antitanil
axis of flow
caries carnosa
carr boyd ra.
CCC plant growth regulant
chadwyck-healey
Chapaevo
chiefer
chimney rock
complete break
crevette
cross-profile
CT (current transformer)
customer retention
demand competition
demarcation point
dioxolanes
e-textiles
economic difficulty
effective rights
EPDH (equivalent planned derating hour)
epimyocarditis
esophageal forceps
espad
fire-cracker welding
flux function
foo fighter
Franklin stoves
fredriksen
free-denize
getphyscoord
hairgrip
horse traffic
humpedness
hydrazine-oxygen fuel cell
induction burner
instruction array
Japan Nuclear Ship Development Agency
keycap
kick about
King of Swing
Kookmin Finance Asia Limited
law of learning efficacy
lescuraea mutabilis
liveliness
longshaw
lupus livido
make short shrift of sth
mica cloth
miscellaneous liabilities
movement of the pole
muirfield
multiple break contacts
mycospheric
najass
nested logit model
Newfoundland Seamounts
of draft
one's word is as good as one's bond
outlet of pelvis
pelitic hornfels
perrella
petrolhead
physiological balanced solution
planar array antenna
Polyosma
posturometer
preliminary transformations
production train control panel
proliferative fascitis
rationalistical
re-booking
Reddish-Brown Lateritic soil
relative time error
resoaks
scorched-earth policy
scottsville
Sekihoku-tōge
shock-absorbing wagon
siccanin
snaper
Spetsai
swineries
tazir
teacher-training
tizanne
topicalizations
triffins
unfinished surface
unreflectings
unsurfeiting
urban green coverage rate
varnished paper
Vedanga
vehicle maintainability
veole
volcanic mudflow
wiper lubrication