时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
aditi
agar diffusion
Allerton
art object
asshattery
ball-bearing steel
be all on end
beyond the means of
Blaze, Pt.
brown back rice plant hopper
butt up
buzzing
case cited
cement ceiling
chroma response
commercial registration
counter irritant
dampened down
Delphinium campylocentrum
dental lathe
detonating cord downline
east african jet
environmental objective
expandable file family
facial vaporizer
ficoid
flared joint
floozies
flow duration curve
fried rice with minced meat
gas head pressure
gloves come off
Hemoton
high resistor
housing seat
Howden-Johnson boiler
hypericum hirsutum l.
igniter plug
inner volume
Intel chipset
intermediate target
iodating agent
kachang puteh
krma
langouste
LP piping system
macronosia
manikins
marcum
meteoric body
momordicine
morphogenetic movements
movement of bowel
multibus multiprocessor
myocardial damage
nabobs
nymphes
occasional income
off plan
oil flushing plunger
orbicularis oris muscle
order of a congruence
Oxycoumarine
packed extration tower
Paromin
period of one complete turnround of locomotive
platinum(iv) pyrophosphate
programme production
pseudo-channel
pulse laser amplifier
quartz trachyandesite
residual sum of square
reules
Robinson,Sir Robert
Routh array table
sacriffice of ship
scales down
scheduled engineering time
screw terminal
sediment hydrograph
sees you
segment market
soberana
spatial linkage
speciality contract
stainless clad steel
steam-vac metnod
surveying guide
synphylogeny
tapered potentiometer
tapping tool
the world is one's lobster
thermal computing element
thin-leaved stringybarks
those days
timber grade
tower silo
twinned crystal plate
two-condition cable code
unreave
urine sugar after exercise
wholesomest