SSS 2011-07-26
时间：2018-12-24 作者：英语课 分类：Scientific American(七)月
英语课
This is Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I’m Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.
Antibiotics 2 don’t work against viruses, but doctors sometimes give antibiotics to patients who have what turns out to be a viral infection, which adds to the growing problem of antibiotic 1 resistance. Tests to tell a bacterial 3 infection from a viral one take one to two days and don’t always return a clear prognosis, so researchers in Israel have developed a rapid test – using a CSI tool.
The chemical Luminol is used at crime scenes because it fluoresces in the presence of blood. When we get an infection, white blood cells called phagocytes leap into action. In the process, they consume oxygen and produce what are called Reactive Oxygen Species, or ROS. Luminol makes the ROS glow.
But bacterial and viral infections produce different ROS’s and so have different types of glows. By evaluating the infections of 69 patients, the researchers were able to create different Luminol signatures for bacterial versus 4 viral infections. In blind tests, the scientists achieved 89 percent accuracy. The research was published in the journal Analytical 5 Chemistry.
The scientists hope to fine-tune the test to make it more accurate, which could help doctors make better diagnoses—and reduce the use of unnecessary antibiotics.
Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American’s 60-Second Science, I’m Cynthia Graber.
1 antibiotic
adj.抗菌的；n.抗生素
- The doctor said that I should take some antibiotic.医生说我应该服些用抗生素。
- Antibiotic can be used against infection.抗菌素可以用来防止感染。
2 antibiotics
n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
- the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
- The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 bacterial
a.细菌的
- Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
- Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
4 versus
prep.以…为对手，对；与…相比之下
- The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。
- The most exciting game was Harvard versus Yale.最富紧张刺激的球赛是哈佛队对耶鲁队。
5 analytical
adj.分析的；用分析法的
- I have an analytical approach to every survey.对每项调查我都采用分析方法。
- As a result,analytical data obtained by analysts were often in disagreement.结果各个分析家所得的分析数据常常不一致。