科学美国人60秒 SSS 2014-01-31
时间：2018-12-24 作者：英语课 分类：2014年Scientific American(一)月
英语课
You see it when you watch almost any game:there’s a touchdown, a home run, a goal. An athlete has triumphed! And then,almost instantly they raise their arms over their shoulders, shout aggressivelyand push out their chest. Like an animal in the wild or, according to a newstudy, like an athlete not simply winning, but also publicly assertingdominance.
Researchers examined footage of judoathletes from more than a dozen countries in Olympic competitions. Acrosscultures and genders 1, the athletes demonstrated similar victorious 2 bodylanguage.
And lest you think the behavior is observedand learned, the researchers also looked at blind Para-Olympians. They toodisplayed many of those same actions, leading the investigators 3 to conclude thebehavior is innate 4. The study is in the journal Motivation and Emotion.
The researchers say the victorious bodylanguage, known as dominance threat display, may stem from an evolutionary 5 needto display order. As in who gets to do the ordering.
Thanks for the minute for ScientificAmerican 60 Seconds Science. I am Erika Beras.
1 genders
n.性某些语言的（阳性、阴性和中性，不同的性有不同的词尾等）( gender的名词复数 )；性别；某些语言的（名词、代词和形容词）性的区分
- There are three genders in German: masculine, feminine and neuter. 德语中有叁性：阳性、阴性和中性。 来自辞典例句
- Japan was fourth among the genders of foreign students. 日本在二十个留美学生输送地中列第四位。 来自互联网
2 victorious
adj.胜利的，得胜的
- We are certain to be victorious.我们定会胜利。
- The victorious army returned in triumph.获胜的部队凯旋而归。
3 investigators
n.调查者，审查者( investigator的名词复数 )
- This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
- The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 innate
adj.天生的，固有的，天赋的
- You obviously have an innate talent for music.你显然有天生的音乐才能。
- Correct ideas are not innate in the mind.人的正确思想不是自己头脑中固有的。
5 evolutionary
adj.进化的；演化的，演变的；[生]进化论的
- Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
- These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。