时间:2018-11-30 作者:英语课 分类:英语专业晨读美文


英语课

[00:02.64]Rebellion ≠ Independence

[00:05.45]It's a pretty standard failing of the young

[00:09.32]to assume that disagreement is a demonstration 1 of independence.

[00:12.98]But that can lead to a fallacious intellectual shortcut 2:

[00:16.89]I don't actually have to understand the situation

[00:19.77]in order to triumphantly 3 prove

[00:21.67]that I'm independent of my parents;

[00:23.61]all I have to do is to disagree with them.

[00:26.53]In fact, real independence requires coming to

[00:30.25]understand a situation and then making your decision

[00:33.31]without reference to how your parents may have decided 4.

[00:36.11]Sometimes that means you find yourself agreeing with them.

[00:40.01]Every generation of young people feels a need to

[00:43.37]rattle the bars and to make changes,

[00:45.85]and to rebel against their parents.

[00:48.11]This is usually healthy, but it can become pathological.

[00:51.76]However, the most common and obvious manifestations 5

[00:56.21]are usually unimportant in the long run,

[00:58.57]in things like taste in clothing and music,

[01:01.15]and part of the appeal for the young

[01:03.56]is precisely 6 the fact that their parents disapprove 7.

[01:06.24]So we had the flappers in the 1920s.

[01:09.31]In the 1930s young people were dealing 8 with the Depression

[01:13.34]and didn't have the luxury of doing this kind of thing,

[01:16.26]and in the 1940s there was the war.

[01:18.87]But in the 1950s we had greasers,

[01:21.75]and in the 1960s there were hippies.

[01:24.12]In the 1970s hippiedom led to the freaks,

[01:27.91]and that kind of thing hasn't stopped happening.

[01:30.55]Modern kids are into strange hair styles,

[01:33.86]weird hair colors, tattoos 9 and body piercing,

[01:36.77]and among the greatest appeal of all those things

[01:39.92]is the simple fact that their parents disapprove.

[01:42.98]The 1950s also saw the beatniks.

[01:45.84]Beatniks were non-conformists.

[01:48.32]They were independent; they were into cool

[01:50.93]and jazz and obscure poetry and modern art.

[01:54.05]And there was an amazing degree of uniformity

[01:57.06]amongst them in styles of clothing,

[01:59.20]and in ways of talking, and in attitudes and values;

[02:03.32]it was almost like there was some official

[02:06.24]“non-conformist” way of dressing 10

[02:08.09]and an official “non-conformist” set of attitudes

[02:11.22]and values to which these “non-conformists”

[02:13.84]all closely conformed.

[02:15.29]There was a lot of ridicule 11 about

[02:17.59]their presumption 12 of “nonconformity”.

[02:19.43]The beatniks were lampooned 13 quite a lot by Mad Magazine,

[02:23.39]for instance. Because, of course,

[02:25.87]it was not the case that they were non-conformists.

[02:28.57]They just conformed to a different standard.

[02:31.01]That basic drive to rebel,

[02:34.01]and to prove rebellion by doing things parents condemn 14,

[02:37.15]is something most of us outgrow 15 eventually.

[02:40.29]But that isn't really independence.

[02:42.87]If you can do those things,

[02:44.72]it proves that you are free—in the sense of

[02:47.61]not being externally constrained 16.

[02:49.54]It doesn't mean you are free inside your head.

[02:52.34]Real independence means making your own decisions

[02:55.80]about things without being unduly 17 influenced by

[02:59.19]what others think you should decide.

[03:00.99]For example, a woman who chooses

[03:03.46]to be a wife-and-mother is liberated 18.

[03:05.75]A woman who is forced into that role is not.

[03:08.94]What's critical is who made the decision,

[03:11.86]not what decision was made.

[03:13.65]That's what most of us learn as we mature,

[03:16.74]as we outgrow youthful rebellion:

[03:18.97]I can agree with others and retain my independence,

[03:22.37]as long as I am the one making the decision.

[03:25.40]It isn't demeaning, or a sign of slavery,

[03:28.31]to feel respect for the achievements of others,

[03:31.57]as long as it is you who evaluates

[03:33.69]what they did and decides that it is worthy 19 of respect.

[03:36.88]Being independent doesn't require you to

[03:39.68]automatically reject and condemn everything

[03:42.21]ever done by “dead white males”,

[03:44.45]or indeed to automatically reject anything whatever.

[03:48.06]In fact, you are just as much an intellectual slave

[03:52.47]if you automatically oppose everything

[03:54.30]that a certain “other” thinks and does as you are

[03:57.69]if you automatically support and agree.

[03:59.64]For when you automatically oppose them,

[04:02.35]you still let them control your position.



1 demonstration
n.表明,示范,论证,示威
  • His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
  • He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。
2 shortcut
n.近路,捷径
  • He was always looking for a shortcut to fame and fortune.他总是在找成名发财的捷径。
  • If you take the shortcut,it will be two li closer.走抄道去要近2里路。
3 triumphantly
ad.得意洋洋地;得胜地;成功地
  • The lion was roaring triumphantly. 狮子正在发出胜利的吼叫。
  • Robert was looking at me triumphantly. 罗伯特正得意扬扬地看着我。
4 decided
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
5 manifestations
n.表示,显示(manifestation的复数形式)
  • These were manifestations of the darker side of his character. 这些是他性格阴暗面的表现。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • To be wordly-wise and play safe is one of the manifestations of liberalism. 明哲保身是自由主义的表现之一。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
6 precisely
adv.恰好,正好,精确地,细致地
  • It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
  • The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。
7 disapprove
v.不赞成,不同意,不批准
  • I quite disapprove of his behaviour.我很不赞同他的行为。
  • She wants to train for the theatre but her parents disapprove.她想训练自己做戏剧演员,但她的父母不赞成。
8 dealing
n.经商方法,待人态度
  • This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
  • His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。
9 tattoos
n.文身( tattoo的名词复数 );归营鼓;军队夜间表演操;连续有节奏的敲击声v.刺青,文身( tattoo的第三人称单数 );连续有节奏地敲击;作连续有节奏的敲击
  • His arms were covered in tattoos. 他的胳膊上刺满了花纹。
  • His arms were covered in tattoos. 他的双臂刺满了纹身。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 dressing
n.(食物)调料;包扎伤口的用品,敷料
  • Don't spend such a lot of time in dressing yourself.别花那么多时间来打扮自己。
  • The children enjoy dressing up in mother's old clothes.孩子们喜欢穿上妈妈旧时的衣服玩。
11 ridicule
v.讥讽,挖苦;n.嘲弄
  • You mustn't ridicule unfortunate people.你不该嘲笑不幸的人。
  • Silly mistakes and queer clothes often arouse ridicule.荒谬的错误和古怪的服装常会引起人们的讪笑。
12 presumption
n.推测,可能性,冒昧,放肆,[法律]推定
  • Please pardon my presumption in writing to you.请原谅我很冒昧地写信给你。
  • I don't think that's a false presumption.我认为那并不是错误的推测。
13 lampooned
v.冷嘲热讽,奚落( lampoon的过去式和过去分词 )
  • His cartoons mercilessly lampooned the politicians of his time. 他的漫画毫不留情地嘲讽了他那个年代的政治人物。
  • He was lampooned for his political views. 他的政治观点使他成了受奚落的对象。 来自辞典例句
14 condemn
vt.谴责,指责;宣判(罪犯),判刑
  • Some praise him,whereas others condemn him.有些人赞扬他,而有些人谴责他。
  • We mustn't condemn him on mere suppositions.我们不可全凭臆测来指责他。
15 outgrow
vt.长大得使…不再适用;成长得不再要
  • The little girl will outgrow her fear of pet animals.小女孩慢慢长大后就不会在怕宠物了。
  • Children who walk in their sleep usually outgrow the habit.梦游的孩子通常在长大后这个习惯自然消失。
16 constrained
adj.束缚的,节制的
  • The evidence was so compelling that he felt constrained to accept it. 证据是那样的令人折服,他觉得不得不接受。
  • I feel constrained to write and ask for your forgiveness. 我不得不写信请你原谅。
17 unduly
adv.过度地,不适当地
  • He did not sound unduly worried at the prospect.他的口气听上去对前景并不十分担忧。
  • He argued that the law was unduly restrictive.他辩称法律的约束性有些过分了。
18 liberated
a.无拘束的,放纵的
  • The city was liberated by the advancing army. 军队向前挺进,解放了那座城市。
  • The heat brings about a chemical reaction, and oxygen is liberated. 热量引起化学反应,释放出氧气。
19 worthy
adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的
  • I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
  • There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned.没有值得一提的事发生。
学英语单词
3-epimerase
add fuel to the flame
adhesin
air release pipe
alphitite
alternate operating columns
anabiotic state
anaphalis margaritacea benth. et hook.
Anemone sinensis Bunge
anthophilous insect
basal
bathing place
bearing performance
bidding sheet
biostratinomy
Brunckite
burier
carinthias
centrallassite
chihuahuan
clearing error
corrugated vessel
cruzados
darwazagay (darwazahgai)
daughter-herdmate comparison
decremental chain
Dendara
direct transmission
dochmii
doxxed
economic clerk
elctrohemostasis
electromechanical coupling factor
excitation variable
film fern
genital appendage
genus grindelias
genus Todus
gingival plane
gulf stream system
have an eye for something
high-impedance receiver front end
high-quality
hispidissimus
human excrement
hunyn
Jack in a Box
labile phosphate group
lissomer
loaded freeboard
macroderma gigas
Marine Corps Intelligence Activity
metric property
minionettes
missletoe
mistake as the parties
mobile-source
net export
nonharmonic constants
nonimbedded command
OODBMS
outborrowing
part in bending
PDRB
permanent orbital station
photoelectric measuring device
pilot ladders
point-focussed electron gun
preteenage
ravenousnesses
re-romanize
remissal
rings missing
Romanicist
rossler-edelmann process
SCKL
seawater-sediment interface
singles court
skilled worker
slack feeder
slag ballast
smarty-pant
specker
Strux
strychnine glycerophosphate
supraphons
sympathetic trunk (or sympathetic chain)
tandem ion analyzer
thallium acetate
thioindigo test
transliterators
trigger-price equilibrium
tripfag
twisted hair
two-dimensional interferometry
unchauvinistic
unfertilizable
value voter
valve oil
weasel out
xoxocotlan
Zhicheng