最新15篇文章贯通英语四级词汇MP3 Unit5-Part1

[00:08.30]UNIT5

[00:13.98]Yip Sang, a Chinese-Canadian

[00:16.93]The British and Chinese signed

[00:22.85]the Treaty of Nanking in 1842,

[00:25.03]each providing their respective subjects

[00:29.96]with the right to benefit

[00:31.71]from full security and protection

[00:33.89]for their persons and property

[00:36.52]within each other’s boundaries.

[00:39.25]Even though China did not

[00:41.34]openly allow emigration,

[00:43.19]in 1860 a law was passed

[00:46.92]which stated that Chinese,

[00:48.78]seeking to work in the

[00:51.29]British Colonies or other places,

[00:53.37]were at liberty to do so.

[00:56.87]They had only to ship themselves

[00:59.94]and their families on board

[01:01.69]any British vessel 1 at any

[01:03.98]of the open ports in China.

[01:06.93]In 1868, another treaty,

[01:10.76]this one with the United States,

[01:13.39]gave the Chinese the right

[01:16.24]to change their home and loyalty 2

[01:18.53]from one country to another

[01:21.16]for the purposes of curiosity,

[01:23.23]of trade, or as permanent residents,

[01:27.83]thereby opening the gates

[01:29.80]for emigration from China.

[01:32.87]The gold boom in British Columbia

[01:36.26]in the 1850’s was the beginning

[01:39.54]of Chinese immigration

[01:41.29]from the U.S. into Canada.

[01:43.26]Many of these early immigrants

[01:46.64]sailed from Fujian and Guangdong provinces

[01:50.48] to San Francisco.

[01:53.21]When they heard of

[01:55.40]the gold discoveries in British Columbia,

[01:57.15]many crossed the border into Canada

[01:59.91] by moving overland through Oregon

[02:02.66]or arriving by sea in Victoria.

[02:05.06] When the gold deposits were depleted 3,

[02:09.32] these early settlers stayed,

[02:11.62]moving into occupations like gardening,

[02:14.91]farming, domestic service, road construction,

[02:18.95]and railway building.

[02:20.70]By 1871, there were

[02:25.73]approximately 3 000 Chinese inhabitants

[02:28.80] in the province,

[02:30.44]only 53 of whom being women.

[02:34.60]Since Chinese workers were known

[02:37.88]to be conscientious 4 and reliable,

[02:40.40]several companies actively 5 recruited them.

[02:45.10]As a result, it was estimated

[02:46.96]that 10 000 workers arrived

[02:49.58] between 1882  and 1884.

[02:54.73]In an effort to restrict

[02:57.02]the entry of Chinese immigrants,

[02:59.65]an act was passed

[03:01.07] in the Canadian Parliament

[03:03.37]confining the proportion to one person

[03:05.78]for every 50 tons of vessel tonnage.

[03:10.05]A head tax was also imposed.

[03:13.99] Records of those who paid

[03:16.39]the  head tax are still available

[03:18.25]for viewing in the National Archives of Canada