新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第四册 Unit 1b

　　|<1>barn     |n.    |[C] a farm building for storing crops, or for keeping animals in |谷仓；牲口棚

　　| |   | |They live in a converted barn. |他们住在谷仓改建的屋子里。

　　| |   | |When he came into the barn from the brilliant sunlight outside, he was momentarily blinded. |当他从阳光明媚的外面走进谷仓，他有一小会儿什么都看不见。

　　|     |<2>bull    |n.  |[C] a male cow |公牛

　　| |   | |Several times I saw a big bull, sometimes even two together. |好几次我看到一头大公牛，有时甚至两头大公牛在一起。

　　| |   | |They did not see the sign by the gate saying "Beware of the bull". |他们没有看到大门旁“当心公牛”的标牌。

　　|   |<3>mill    |n.   |[C] a building where grain is crushed into lour |磨坊

　　| |   | |Many of these local mills remain in name alone, having fallen into disuse. |许多当地的磨坊只不过是名义上存在，已弃之不用了。

　　|    |<4>spray   |v.  |force liquid out of a container through an opening into the air |喷；喷洒

　　| |   | |Water sprayed across the room. |水洒得满房间都是。

　　| |   | |The crops are regularly sprayed with pesticide.|这些庄稼定期喷洒杀虫剂。

　　|   |<5>sunshine|n.  |[U] the light and heat that come from the sun |阳光

　　| |   | |The children were playing in the sunshine. |孩子们在阳光下玩耍。

　　| |   | |I was sitting in the garden enjoying the sunshine. |我坐在花园里享受着阳光。

　　|    |<6>canal     |n.    |[C] an artiicial river |运河

　　| |   | |We walked along by the side of the canal. |我们沿着运河行走。

　　| |   | |The Panama Canal provides a crucial shipping link between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. |巴拿马运河为大西洋和太平洋间提供了一个重要的运输纽带。

　　|@  |<7>bathe    |vi.　 |swim in the sea, a river, or a lake |游泳

　　| |   | |I like to bathe in  the sea. |我喜欢在大海里游泳。

　　| |   | |They bathed in the lake in the moonlight. |月光下，他们在湖里游泳。

　　|    |          |v.   |(BrE bath) wash oneself or sb. else in a bath |（给...）洗澡

　　| |   | |I bathed in the hot water. |我在热水中洗澡。

　　|   |<8>　<em>air conditioning</em>   |n. |a system used for keeping the air in a building or vehicle cool |空调设备

　　| |   | |My car has air conditioning. |我的车装有空调。

　　| |   | |The air conditioning was not yet in place. |空调设备还没装好。

　　|    |<9>towel  |n.   |[C] a piece of cloth used for drying sb. or sth. that is wet |毛巾

　　| |   | |She came downstairs after her shower, wrapped in a towel. |她淋浴后，裹着一个毛巾下了楼。

　　|    |<10>clay   |n.  |[U] a type of heavy sticky soil used for making pots, bricks, etc. |黏土

　　| |   | |He studied sculpture because he enjoyed working with clay. |他学习雕塑，因为他喜欢用粘土干活。

　　|    |<11>ditch    |n.   |[C] a narrow passage dug at the side of a ield, road, etc. for water to low through |水沟；渠

　　| |   | |The water drains into the ditch at the edge of the field. |水缓缓流入田边的沟里。

　　| |   | |I fell asleep on the way home and drove my car into a ditch. |我在回家途中睡着了，把车开进了沟里。

　　|   |<12>seashell |n.  |[C] the empty shell of a small sea creature |贝壳

　　| |   | |We spent the whole morning collecting seashells on the beach. |我们花了整个上午在海滩上捡贝壳。

　　| |   | |He gave us a big seashell as a gift. |他给了我们一个大贝壳作为礼物。

　　|   |<13>seaweed|n.  |[U] |海草；海藻

　　| |   | |The fossils appear to be an early form of seaweed washed up on a beach. |这些化石看上去是一种冲到海滩上海藻的最初轮廓。

　　|    |<14>crane    |n.    |[C] a tall machine used for lifting and moving heavy objects |起重机；吊车

　　| |   | |The truck was lifted up by a crane. |卡车由一架吊车吊起。

　　| |   | |The next day they decided to use a different crane. |第二天们决定用一个不同的起重机。

　　|▲  |<15>racism  |n.  |[U] the belief that some races of people are better than others |种族主义

　　| |   | |Racism is unacceptable under any circumstances. |在任何情况下种族主义都是不能接受的。

　　| |   | |The government has promised to continue the fight against racism. |政府已经承诺要继续与种族歧视斗争。

　　|@  |<16>enquire|v.   |(also inquire) ask for information |打听；询问

　　| |   | |I'll enquire about the train. |我将打听有关火车的情况。

　　| |   | |They enquired whether he would attend. |他们问他是否参加。

　　|   |<17>deposit  |n.  |1. [C] a sum of money that is paid into a bank account |存款

　　| |   | |Deposits can be made at any branch. |可以在任何分行存款。

　　| |   | |I'd like to make a deposit into my savings account. |我想存一笔款到我的储蓄账户上。

　　|    |          |    |2. [C] a sum of money that is given as the irst part of a larger payment |定金

　　| |   | |We've put down a 5% deposit on the house. |我们已为这房子付了5%的定金。

　　| |   | |They normally ask you to pay $100 as a deposit. |他们一般要你付100美元定金。

　　|   |<18>container |n.  |1. [C] sth. used for storing or holding things |容器

　　| |   | |The air pressure on the inside of the container is higher than the air pressure on the outside. |容器内的空气压力比容器外高。

　　| |   | |The increasing use of child-proof containers for medicines is helpful. |药品越来越多地使用对儿童安全的容器是有好处的。

　　|    |          |    |2. [C] a large metal or wooden box used for transporting goods |集装箱

　　| |   | |The crane lifted the container off the ship. |吊车把集装箱从船上吊下来。

　　| |   | |This is by far the largest container ship. |这是目前最大集装箱船。

　　|    |<19>coil    |n.  |[C] a length of rope or wire arranged into circles or rings |卷；盘

　　| |   | |a coil of thick rope |一卷粗绳子

　　| |   | |large coils of sheet metal |大卷的金属薄板

　　|   |<20>tray   |n.    |[C] a lat object for carrying small articles |托盘

　　| |   | |She asked Sally to take a tray upstairs. |她让萨利拿一个托盘到楼上。

　　| |   | |The door opened and the man entered carrying a tray. |门开了，那男子拿着一个托盘走了进来。

　　|    |<21>brow    |n.   |[C] the forehead |额；前额

　　| |   | |He wiped his brow with the back of his hand. |他用手背擦了擦前额。

　　| |   | |The man took out a handkerchief and mopped his brow. |那男子拿出了一块手帕，擦了擦自己的前额。

　　|    |<22>moist    |a.   |slightly wet |湿润的

　　| |   | |Leave a vent open to let some moist air escape. |让通风口开着，好让一些潮湿空气跑出去。

　　| |   | |Keep the soil moist. That way, the seedling will flourish. |使土壤保持湿润，那样，秧苗会长得好。

　　|@  |<23>amuse    |vt. |make sb. laugh or smile |使开心，使发笑

　　| |   | |We were very amused by her comments. |我们被她的评论逗得哈哈大笑。

　　| |   | |My funny drawings amused the kids. |我有趣的图画使得孩子们哈哈大笑起来。

　　|   |<24>　<em>amused</em> |a.  |thinking sth. is funny |被逗乐的；愉快的

　　| |   | |He had an amused look on his face. |他的脸上露出愉快的表情。

　　|    |<25>booklet  |n.  |[C] a thin book giving information about sth. |小册子

　　| |   | |Read a booklet about how to react in case of earthquake. |阅读一本关于地震时该怎么做的小册子。

　　|     |<26>sigh     |n.    |[C] a slow breath that makes a  long soft sound |叹息；叹气

　　| |   | |He leaned back in his seat with a sigh. |他朝后靠了靠，叹息了一声。

　　| |   | |she gave a sigh of relief. |她宽慰地叹了口气。

　　|@    |<27>relief   |n.    |[sing., U] a relaxed feeling that sth. unpleasant has not happened or has ended |安慰；如释重负

　　| |   | |We all breathed a sigh of relief when he left. |当他离开时我们都如释重负地叹了口气。

　　| |   | |Much to my relief the car was not damaged. |令我感到宽慰的是车没损坏。

　　|     |<28>heave    |vt.   |pull or lift sth. heavy with one great effort |（用力）举；拉；推

　　| |   | |He heaved the bag onto his shoulder. |他用力把那袋子举到肩膀上。

　　| |   | |All afternoon we heaved bales of hay up onto the truck. |整个下午我们都在把一捆捆的干草拖上卡车。

　　|     |<29>freight  |n.    |[U] goods that are carried by ships, planes, trains or trucks |货物

　　| |   | |The ship carries both freight and passengers. |这船既载货也载乘客。

　　| |   | |These trains haul freight between Shanghai and Nanjing. |这些火车在上海和南京两地之间运送货物。

　　|@    |<30>furnish  |n.    |1. supply or provide sth. |供应；提供

　　| |   | |Will these findings furnish more information on prehistoric man? |这些发现会对史前人类的情况提供更多的资料吗？

　　| |   | |Foreign investors furnished most of the capital for the project. |外国投资者为这项目提供了大部分资金。

　　|    |          |    |2. provide furniture for a house or room |为（房间或房屋）配备家具

　　| |   | |Having bought the house, they couldn't afford to furnish it. |他们买了这屋子，没钱给它配置家具。

　　| |   | |The house was simply furnished. |这屋子家具配置得很简单。

　　|     |<31>auction  |n.    |[C] a public occasion when things are sold to people who offers the most money for them |拍卖

　　| |   | |The painting will be sold at auction next week. |这幅画将在下周被拍卖。

　　| |   | |The house and its contents are being put up for auction. |这房子和其房内的东西正在被拍卖。

　　|@    |<32>behave   |vi.   |act in a particular way |举动；表现

　　| |   | |She always behaves well when her aunts come to visit. |她姨妈们来时，她的表现总是很好。

　　| |   | |Whenever there was a full moon he would start behaving strangely. |只要是有全月，他的举止就会开始变得怪异了。

　　|     |<33>lest     |conj. |in order to make sure that sth. will not happen |以免；唯恐

　　| |   | |They were afraid to complain about the noise lest they annoy the neighbors.| 他们不敢对这噪音抱怨，唯恐使邻居们生气。

　　| |   | |I was afraid to open the door lest he should follow me. |我不敢开门，唯恐他跟踪我。

　　|@    |<34>glue     |n.    |[C, U] a sticky substance used for joining things together |胶；胶水

　　| |   | |Wait for the glue to dry before you sit on it. |等胶水干了你再坐上去。

　　| |   | |What kind of glue should I use to stick plastic to wood? |要把塑料粘到木头上我该用哪种胶水？

　　|     |<35>porter   |n.    |[C] sb. whose job is to carry things, esp. traveler's bags at railway stations, airports, hotels, etc. |行李工

　　| |   | |There aren't any porters, so we'll have to find a trolley for the luggage. |没有行李工，所以我们只得找辆手推车拖行李。

　　| |   | |I was a porter at this hotel. |我在这家旅馆当行李工。

　　|@    |<36>initiative  |n.    |[U] the ability to decide what to do and when to do it |主动性；自主决断能力

　　| |   | |You won't get much help. You'll have to use your own initiative. |你不会得到很多帮助，你得用你自己的决断能力。

　　| |   | |She did it on her own initiative. |她是自己主动做这件事的。

　　|@    |<37>restore  |vt.   |1. make sth. return to its formal level or condition |使恢复

　　| |   | |The measures are intended to restore public confidence in the economy. |这些措施是为了恢复公众对经济的信心。

　　| |   | |Order was quickly restored after the riots. |暴乱后，秩序很快就恢复了。

　　|    |          |    |2. repair a building, piece of furniture, etc. so that it looks as good as it did originally |修复；使复原

　　| |   | |The house has been lovingly restored to the way it looked in 1900 when it was built. |这房子已被精心修复到1900年它建造时的样子。

　　| |   | |This cream claims to restore your skin to its youthful condition. |这种护肤霜声称能使你皮肤恢复到年轻状况。

　　|     |<38>liquor   |n.    |[U] (AmE) strong alcoholic drink |烈性酒

　　| |   | |She drinks wine and beer but no hard liquor. |她喝葡萄酒和啤酒，可是不喝烈性酒。

　　| |   | |He got used to drinking liquor at an early age.| 他很小的时候就已习惯喝烈性酒了。

　　|★   |<39>intent   |n.    |[U] what one intends to do |目的；意图

　　| |   | |He entered the building with intent to steal. |他进入大楼企图行窃。

　　| |   | |He is charged with possession of a gun with intent to commit a robbery. |他被指控拥有手枪，企图抢劫。

　　|@    |<40>induce   |vt.   |cause sth., esp. a mental or physical change |引起，导致

　　| |   | |Pills for seasickness often induce drowsiness. |晕船药片常常会引起磕睡。

　　| |   | |Too much food induces sleepiness. |吃得过饱会产生睡意。

　　|@    |<41>obligation   |n.    |[C, U] a moral or legal duty to do sth. |义务；责任

　　| |   | |Employers have an obligation to treat all employees equally. |雇主有平等对待所有雇员的义务。

　　| |   | |Parents are under a legal obligation to educate their children. |家长负有教育自己子女的法律责任。

　　|@    |<42>melt     |vi.   |gradually disappear |逐渐消失

　　| |   | |Opposition to the government melted away. |对政府的反对消失了。

　　| |   | |His anger slowly melted. |他的愤怒慢慢地消失了。

　　|    |          |v.  |become or make sth. become liquid as a result of heating |（使）融化；（使）熔化

　　| |   | |The snow showed no sign of melting. |雪没有融化的迹象。

　　| |   | |The sun had melted the snow. |太阳使雪融化了。

　　|     |<43>exceedingly  |ad.   |extremely |非常，极其

　　| |   | |He was clever, handsome and exceedingly rich. |他聪明、英俊，非常有钱。

　　| |   | |I've become exceedingly worried about the future of our son. |我对我们儿子的前途变得非常担心。

　　|@    |<44>meanwhile    |ad.   |during the same period of time when sth. else is happening |与此同时；在此期间

　　| |   | |Jim went to answer the phone. Meanwhile, Peter started to prepare lunch. |吉姆去接电话了，在此时间彼得开始准备午饭。

　　| |   | |The incomes of male professionals went up by almost 40%. Meanwhile, professional women saw little increase in their incomes. |男性专业人员的收入增加了几乎40%，而兼职女性的工资几乎没增长。

　　|     |<45>　<em>civility</em>    |n.    |[U] polite behavior |礼貌；谦恭

　　| |   | |Staff members are trained to treat customers with civility. |工作人员接受培训，礼貌对待顾客。

　　| |   | |She greeted them with civility, but not much warmth. |她很有礼貌迎接他们，但并没有太多的热情。

　　|     |<46>yawn     |n.    |[C] an act of opening the mouth wide and taking a big breath, usually when one is tired or bored |打哈欠

　　| |   | |Seeing the yawns of the children, she sent them to bed. |看到孩子们在打呵欠，她就打发他们去睡觉了。

　　| |   | |She stifled another yawn and tried hard to look interested. |她忍住了又一个呵欠，努力地试图显得感兴趣。

　　|     |<47>shrug    |v.    |raise and then lower the shoulders to show one does not care about sth. |耸（肩）

　　| |   | |"Where's David?" "How should I know?" replied my brother, shrugging. |“大卫在哪？”“我怎么知道？”我弟弟回答道，耸了耸肩。

　　| |   | |He shrugged his shoulders as if to say that there was nothing he could do about it. |他耸了耸肩，好象要说对此他无能为力。

　　|     |<48>barber   |n.    |[C] a man whose job is cutting men's hair |（男士的）理发师

　　| |   | |He has a friend in New York, a barber named Mario. |他在纽约有一个朋友，名叫马里奥的理发师。

　　| |   | |The young man tried to find something to complain to the barber about. |那个小伙子想找到点什么向理发师表示不满意。

　　|     |<49>　<em>barbershop</em>  |n.    |[C] a shop where men's hair is cut |（男士的）理发店

　　| |   | |He whistled as he passed the post office and the barbershop. |他吹着口哨经过邮局和理发店。

　　| |   | |He doesn't work in that barbershop any longer. |他不再在那家理发店干活了。

　　|     |<50>pave     |vt.    |cover a road, area, etc. with lat stones or bricks |铺设，铺砌

　　| |   | |The area from the shops to the beach is paved with bricks set in patterns. |从商店到海滩按图案铺设了砖。

　　| |   | |The city center streets are well paved. |市中心的街道都铺得很好。

　　<TITLE>Phrases and Expressions</TITLE>

　　||<51>pen up   |shut an animal or a person in a small area |把...关起来

　　| |   |When all the cattle were safely penned up, the farmer could stop work for the day. |当所有的牛都安全地关进了栏中，这农民就可以结束了一天的工作。

　　| |   |The whole family were penned up in one room for a month. |整个一家人在一间房间被关了一个月。

　　||<52>cool off|become cooler after being very hot |变凉快；（使）变凉

　　| |   |We cooled off with a swim in the lake. |在湖里游了个泳，我们感到凉快了。

　　| |   |By late autumn it has cooled off. |到深秋，提气已凉快。

　　||<53>enquire into|try to ind out the truth about sth. |调查；查问

　　| |   |When the authorities inquired into his background, they found he had a criminal record. |在当局调查他的背景时，发现他有犯罪记录。

　　| |   |The police are enquiring into the matter. |警方正在调查这件事。

　　||<54>on credit |buying sth. and paying for it later |赊；赊购

　　| |   |Many people have to make major purchases on credit. |许多人不得不用赊购方式购买大件商品。

　　| |   |We bought the dishwasher on credit. |我们是用赊购方式买这太洗碟机的。

　　||<55>open a/the door to|make sth. possible |使...可能；给...以机会

　　| |   |Research on genes will open the door to exciting new medical treatments. |基因研究将为新的激动人心的医疗方法打开大门。

　　| |   |These talks may well open the door to a peaceful solution. |这些会谈很可能为和平解决方案创造条件。

　　||<56>keep one's word|do what one has promised to do |履行诺言

　　| |   |I trust her to keep her word. |我对她履行诺言很放心。

　　| |   |I said I'd visit him and I shall keep my word. |我说过我会去看望他，我会说到做到

　　||<57>melt away|gradually disappear |逐渐消失

　　| |   |Her determination to take revenge slowly melted away. |他报复的决心慢慢的消失了。

　　| |   |When he heard these words, he felt his inner doubts melt away. |听到这些话时，他感到自己内心的怀疑消失了。

　　||<58>fall apart|(of an organization, system, etc.) no longer continue |（组织、制度等）瓦解，崩溃

　　| |   |Don't be reckless or your plans may fall apart. |不要鲁莽，不然的话你的方案也许会失败。

　　| |   |Their marriage fell apart when she found out about her husband's affair. |当她发现丈夫有外遇时，他们的婚姻破裂了。

　　||<59>hold up|support sb. or sth. and stop them from falling down |支撑

　　| |   |The roof is held up by four enormous pillars. |屋顶由四根巨大的柱子支撑着。

　　| |   |Her legs were almost too shaky to hold her up. |她的双腿颤抖得几乎使自己都站不住。

　　||<60>shrug off|treat sth. as unimportant and not worry about it |对...不予理会；对...不屑一顾

　　| |   |He shrugged off my thanks. |他对我的感谢不给予理睬。

　　| |   |You're a father and you can't simply shrug off your responsibilities to your children. |你是一个父亲，你不能对自己孩子们的责任满不在乎。

　　||<61>pave the way for|make  it possible or easier  for sth. to happen |为...铺平道路；为...创造条件

　　| |   |This decision paved the way for changes in employment rights for women. |这个决定为妇女就业权利方面的变化铺平了道路。

　　| |   |Scientists hope that the data will pave the way for a more detailed exploration of Mars. |科学家们希望这些数据会为更彻底的火星考察铺平道路。

　　<TITLE>Proper Names</TITLE>

　　||<62>Buck Davis | |巴克·戴维斯（人名）

　　||<63>North Carolina | |北卡罗来纳州（美国州名）