VOA常速英语2016--英国投资数十亿资金应对俄罗斯在网络安全方面的威胁

Britain Invests Billions in Cybersecurity in Face of Russian Threat 英国投资数十亿资金应对俄罗斯在网络安全方面的威胁

LONDON — 

Britain says it will spend more than $2 billion on cybersecurity and recruit 1,000 more intelligence officers as the country’s intelligence services warn of increasingly aggressive espionage 1 tactics by Moscow, a charge the Kremlin denies.

The $2.3 billion investment is aimed at countering emerging threats to national security. British Chancellor 2 of the Exchequer 3, Philip Hammond, said this week that key infrastructure 4, such as air traffic control systems and electricity grids 5, could be targeted by what he called "hostile foreign actors".

这23亿美元投资旨在应对国家安全面临的新兴威胁。英国外交大臣菲利普.哈蒙德本周表示，主要基础设施，比如空中交通控制系统和电网，可能被他口中所谓的“敌对的外国演员”盯上了。

“It is our duty to demonstrate that they cannot act with impunity 6. So we will not only defend ourselves in cyberspace 7, we will strike back in kind when we are attacked.”

“我们有责任向大家说明，这些人不可能逍遥法外。因此我们不仅会在网络空间捍卫自己，一旦受到攻击，我们也一定会以牙还牙回敬给他们。”

Hammond did not mention Russia by name.But writing in the Guardian 8 newspaper the same day,the head of Britain’s domestic intelligence service known as MI5 accused Moscow of increasingly aggressive cyber attacks, espionage, propaganda and subversion 9.

哈蒙德并没有指名道姓的提到俄罗斯，不过就在当天，《卫报》报道称，英国国内情报机构，又称军情五处（MI5）的负责人指责莫斯科变本加厉地实施网络攻击，并开展间谍、宣传和颠覆活动。

“I think that in MI5 for a very long time they were very consumed with counterterrorism.This has been the absolute No. 1 priority.And it’s taking them a bit of time to get tooled up again to dealing 10 with the threat from Russia.”

“我觉得长期以来，军情五处都从事反恐怖主义的工作，这也绝对是他们任务的重中之重。而如今他们又要整装待发，拿出一点儿时间来应对俄罗斯造成的威胁了。”

Those tools can defend but also act as a deterrent 11, argues John Lough of policy institute Chatham House.

在英国皇家国际事务研究所任职的约翰.洛表示，军情五处所采用的方法不仅可以进行防御，还能够起到威慑的作用。

“The challenge for Western countries is to show, if you like,a degree of resolve for dealing with Russia, showing the instruments they have available,showing how in fact those can be sharpened if needed if things were to get worse,for example, in Ukraine or elsewhere on the periphery 12.”

“西方国家面临的挑战，换句话说，就是把自己在应对俄罗斯时所采取的某种程度上的解决办法展示给大家看，亮出他们可用的工具，实际上也就是让大家知道，需要用到他们各自的方法和工具时，这些国家该怎样让这些东西派上用场，比如乌克兰或其周边任何地区事态恶化的时候。”

Critics like Edward Lucas of the Economist 13 say Britain and the West lack a cohesive 14 policy to counter the Russian threat.

就职于《经济学人》的爱德华.卢卡斯和其他评论家表示，英国和西方各国家在对抗俄罗斯的威胁时，缺少一条统一的政策。

“We need a joined-up response to Putin’s joined-up threat which links money, propaganda, espionage, the use of energy, or subversion, military saber-rattling, all these things.But certainly one of the weakest links is the bankers, lawyers and accountants in the West who help the Russian elite 15 dispose their money in our big financial centers.They should be facing prosecution 16 and extradition 17 to the United States in those prospects 18 of long prison terms.”

“面对普京手法老练的威胁，我们应该有同样成熟的应对策略，普京方面的威胁包括金钱、宣传和间谍活动、能源利用、颠覆活动、军事武力叫嚣等等一系列事情。当然了，在所有联系中最弱的一环要数西方银行家、律师以及会计人员，因为他们还要在我们的大型财政中心为俄罗斯的精英分子管理财富。这些人现在应该正在接受起诉，并被引渡回美国，未来等待着他们的可能就是长期监禁。”

Much of that Russian money passes through banks in London.Lucas, a veteran Moscow correspondent argues this trade must be tackled simultaneously 19 as Britain fends 20 off cyber attacks.

而俄罗斯这些资金当中的大部分都是经由伦敦各银行流通出去的。曾驻莫斯科的资深记者卢卡斯称，英国在抵御网络攻击的同时，也应该解决这类交易。