高中英语人教版2000年高二上09

[00:09.30]Jackie is talking to Yang Pei about a conference 1 which Jackie has just been to.

[00:16.67]What was the conference like?

[00:20.01]Very interesting.It was called "Saving 2 the earth"

[00:25.05]and it was all about the damage that is being caused to the world.

[00:28.11]What did you do at the meeting?

[00:31.35]Well,we listened to lectures about pollution,

[00:36.31]agriculture,nuclear waste,radiation and so on.

[00:42.19]It's a good idea to hold such conferences 3.

[00:46.63]Yes.If we go on polluting the world,it won't be fit for us to live in.

[00:53.79]I agree with you.We've got to do something about pollution.It's getting worse.

[01:00.45]Yes,it certainly is.

[01:03.82]If people don't stop polluting the seas and rivers,there will be no fish left.

[01:10.06]That's quite true.

[01:13.12]We've got to think of ways of changing people's habits.

[01:17.87]Well,what else did you hear about at the meeting?

[01:22.23]There was a good talk about the increase in the world's population.

[01:27.28]If the population keeps growing so quickly,

[01:31.51]there will only be standing 4 room left for us next century!

[01:36.47]That's a problem we Chinese must pay special attention to.

[01:41.51]Lesson 34  2 Reading comprehension 5

[01:52.46]Read the three passages.

[01:55.83]Find the places on the map of the world where the damage has happened.

[02:01.18]EARTH

[02:03.74]The area of desert in the world is growing every year.

[02:08.71]Many parts of the world,

[02:11.94]which once had large populations and produced plenty of crops,

[02:17.40]have become deserts.

[02:20.46]Dunhuang in China,deep in the heart of the Gebi Desert,was once a great city.

[02:27.44]Cattle 6 are one cause of the problem.

[02:31.20]In good years,farmers increase the numbers of their cattle.

[02:36.55]Then one year,the rains fail to come.

[02:40.91]The farmers do not want to kill any of their cattle,

[02:45.28]so the cattle eat all the grass and anything that grows on poorer land.

[02:51.44]If this continues for several years,

[02:54.79]the grass never grows again and the land becomes a desert.

[02:59.83]One suggested answer is for farmers to limit the numbers of their cattle.

[03:05.50]Another problem is that good soil is gradually 7 lost.

[03:10.46]When trees are cut down,

[03:13.70]there is nothing to hold the soil in place on the hillside.

[03:18.45]So when it rains,the soil is washed down the hills and into the rivers.

[03:24.51]Strong winds can also blow away the valuable soil that lies on the top of the fields.

[03:30.08]AIR

[03:32.53]Air pollution comes from factories,power stations and cars.

[03:38.59]Chemicals in the smoke from power stations cause a lot of damage.

[03:44.26]They can travel hundreds of miles in the wind,

[03:48.62]before falling to the ground in the rain

[03:52.46]But this "chemical rain" gradually destroys trees in the forests

[03:57.82]and kills fish in the lakes.

[04:01.79]In Germany,over 50% of the country's trees had been damaged by the year 1986.

[04:10.44]Time and time again there are serious accidents that pollute the air.

[04:16.68]In 1986 there was a bad accident at a nuclear power station in Russia.

[04:24.15]A cloud of radiation crossed the whole of Europe.

[04:29.30]It is said that 125,000 people died in Russia

[04:35.36]as a result of illnesses caused by this accident.

[04:40.11]In 1984 there was a serious accident at a factory in India

[04:46.35]and a cloud of dangerous gas covered the town of Bhopal.

[04:51.81]Over 2500 people were killed that night,

[04:57.40]and hundreds of thousands of people were injured 8.

[05:01.66]Many of the injured lost their sight.

[05:05.61]WATER

[05:08.17]Water pollution is caused by waste from factories and cities.

[05:14.23]Oceans are able to clean themselves,

[05:18.80]but certain seas,once they become dirty,are not able to do so.

[05:25.56]One example is the Mediterranean 9 which lies between Europe and Africa

[05:32.23]It has only one narrow entrance to the ocean in the west.

[05:37.58]One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean are polluted 10

[05:43.22]and are no longer safe for swimming,as a lot of diseases 11 are present in the water.

[05:49.99]In most places it is not safe to eat the fish.

[05:55.03]Lakes also have the same problems.

[05:58.97]Lake Baikal in Asia was once the cleanest in the world,

[06:04.54]with over 700 different kinds of plant and animal life.

[06:10.29]Now,however,the waters of this great lake,

[06:15.43]which is also the world's deepest (over 1,740 metres),

[06:22.38]have been dirtied by waste from a chemical factory.

[06:27.34]In 1989 an oil tanker 12 hit a rock off the northwest coast of Alaska.

[06:35.21]35,000 tons of oil poured into the sea.

[06:40.77]The accident was one of the worst in history.

[06:45.32]More than 34,000 birds and 10,000 animals were killed.

[06:52.08]4,800 square kilometres of ocean were polluted.

[06:58.25]Lesson 35 1 Reading comprehension

[07:09.32]ANIMALS IN DANGER

[07:12.77]Three billion years after life began,

[07:17.24]the earth is now the home to many different kinds of living things

[07:22.80]perhaps five to ten million kinds.

[07:27.06]However,many of these are dying 13 out.

[07:31.21]It is thought that between the years 1550 and 1950

[07:37.38]an average of one kind of living thing died out each year.

[07:42.94]By 1985 this had risen to one per day.

[07:48.40]Between 1980 and 2000

[07:53.26]we may lose another half a million different kinds of living thing.

[07:59.03]There are many reasons for animals dying out,

[08:03.47]but the most important one is the part that humans have played.

[08:08.83]First,many animals have been killed for food.

[08:13.51]many of the places where these animals used to live have been destroyed.

[08:19.36]Dry lands have been watered.

[08:22.83]Wet lands have been turned into fields.

[08:27.09]Forests have been cleared.

[08:30.43]Much land has either been changed to farmland 14 or used for building.

[08:36.36]Polluted rivers and lakes have also been a cause of death.

[08:41.64]One example of an animal in danger is the tiger.

[08:46.50]There are three types of tiger living in China:

[08:50.76]the South China,the Northeastern,and the Bengal.

[08:55.93]In all there are probably no more than a total of 400 tigers left in China.

[09:02.98]Many of the forests where they lived were destroyed.

[09:07.55]Also,tigers were hunted

[09:11.91]and killed until in many areas the entire population had disappeared.

[09:17.48]In 1900 there were about 100,000 tigers in Asia.

[09:23.36]In 1970 when the shooting 15 of tigers was stopped there were just 5,000 left.

[09:30.91]In India,however,the population of tigers has increased,

[09:36.37]from 2,000 in 1972 to about 5,000 in 1989.

[09:43.84]Perhaps the same progress can be made in China.

[09:48.38]3 Reading comprehension

[09:52.64]Read the text and mark all the past participles which you can find in it.

[09:58.91]A DAY IN THE FOREST

[10:02.07]Last Monday our class went on an organized trip to a forest to study the wildlife.

[10:09.44]We travelled by bus.

[10:12.60]It took us two and a half hours to get to the forest.

[10:17.35]When we arrived,we were given printed question papers 16.

[10:22.81]We had to fill in the answers in our notebooks.

[10:27.17]The purpose of the trip was to record all the wildlife

[10:32.35]and plants that we could find in the forest.

[10:36.60]Whenever we found an unknown plant,we had to describe it in our notebooks.

[10:42.85]If none of us knew the name of the plant,we wrote "unknown" in our notebooks.

[10:49.82]The gate into the forest was open,so we entered it.

[10:54.55]We all started looking for new types of plant.

[10:58.78]Sun Yao,our monitor and I remembered a programme

[11:03.74]that a well-known film director 17 had made about the forest.

[11:08.89]She had shown pictures of a plant that had recently been discovered.

[11:14.35]She had not said,however,where it could be found.

[11:19.21]She said it was a well-kept secret.We decided 18 to try and find this plant.

[11:25.87]We had our picnic lunch in the forest next to a fallen tree

[11:31.33]After lunch we put some water into a bottle

[11:35.80]and did tests to see if it was polluted.

[11:40.06]We were all very interested to see the results.

[11:44.50]In fact,the water was not at all polluted.

[11:49.04]In the afternoon,we all went off separately 19 to look for new plants.

[11:55.08]At five o'clock we started walking back to the entrance to the forest.

[12:00.82]Suddenly someone said,"Has anyone seen Sun Yao? He must be lost."

[12:07.59]Three of us walked back about one kilometre and found Sun Yao.

[12:13.05]He was busy measuring a plant and taking photographs of it.

[12:18.40]Pointing to the young plant,

[12:21.64]he asked me if that was the type of plant we had seen in the film.

[12:26.79]To my great joy,the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for.

[12:33.14]All of us felt very happy.

[12:36.90]Words and expressions Unit 9

[12:42.36]damage               lecture              pollute              pollution

[12:46.22]vt.& n.毁坏损害      n.讲课演讲           vt.污染              n.污染

[12:50.09]nuclear              nuclear waste        radiation            fit

[12:54.46]adj.原子核的         核废弃物             n.放射,放射物        适合的

[12:58.84]be fit for           hear about           room                 standing room

[13:02.93]适合于               听说                 n.空间地方余地       立足之地

[13:07.02]turn...into...       desert               area                 limit

[13:11.25]把……变成……       n.沙漠               n.面积,地区          vt.限制

[13:15.48]gradually            in place             hillside             blow away

[13:19.50]adv.逐渐的           在适当的位置         n.山腰,山坡          刮走,吹走

[13:23.53]power                power station        mile                 chemical

[13:27.11]n.力,动力,电力       发电站               n.英里               adj.化学物,化学的

[13:30.68]chemical rain        time and time again  Russia               Bhopal

[13:35.06]酸雨                 多次,不断的          n.俄罗斯             博帕尔(印度中部城市)

[13:39.43]sight                lose one's sight     the Mediterranean    shore

[13:43.86]n.视力               失明                 n.地中海             n.滨,岸

[13:48.29]present              Lake Baikal          dirty

[13:51.32]adj.在场的,出席的    贝加尔湖             vt.弄脏

[13:54.35]tanker               Alaska               pour

[13:57.47]n.油船               n.阿拉斯加           vi.倾泻

[14:00.59]square               square kilometres    living               die out

[14:05.01]adj.n.平方的         平方公里             adj.活着的;现存的    消失,灭亡

[14:09.42]human                farmland             probably             entire

[14:13.51]n.&adj人的,人类(的)  n.农田;耕地          adv.很可能;大概      adj.整个的,全部的

[14:17.60]text                 notebook             monitor

[14:20.53]n.课本,课文          n.笔记簿             n.班长

[14:23.45]test                 go off               separately

[14:26.64]n.试验,测验;检查     走开                 adv.单独的,各自的

[14:29.83]point to             joy                  to one's joy

[14:33.00]指向                 n.欢乐高兴           令人高兴的是