时间:2018-11-29 作者:英语课 分类:雅思英语


英语课

   雅思阅读的选择题的水究竟有多深,今天和同学们来共同探讨。


  首先
  雅思阅读的选择题目的类型有:四选一,五选二,八选三和十选五的。就是分单选和多选。考的最多的是四选一的,我们就先来探讨一下四选一的选择题。
  我们觉得,四选一的选择题目就是判读题目的变体。这是为什么呢?你看,选择题是不是给你一个题干,下面给出A. B. C. D四个选项,如果你选了B,你会发现B选项的信息与题干的信息组合后,与原文对比后,跟原文是一致的,就相当于是一道TRUE题。A选项和原文比较后,是和文章矛盾的就相当于是一道FALSE题,C.D和原文对比后,很可能是找不到的,就相当于是两道NOT GIVEN题。所以,做选择题会比较耗费时间,一定要注意时间控制。
  那么,选择题有哪些规律呢?选择题的出题规律是:1. 按顺序出题;2. 一段考一题。在剑桥9里面有一篇叫做“The development of museums”的文章中,原文有6个段落,后面出来6道选择题,那说明什么?是不是在告诉你一段一道题呀!当然,如果一篇文章里只出三道选择题,在第二题和第三题之间间隔一段或几段是有可能的。
  选择题的做题步骤是:首先读题干,划出定位词,再读一下选项,根据如下几个原则看是否有选项可以先排除。原则一是:有绝对词例如:only, all, every, always的选项先排除;原则二:逻辑不通的先排除,例如在剑桥8里有篇文章讲日本的数学教育成功的文章里,有个选项时:“学生被鼓励抄作业”,逻辑是不是很不通?可以排除。最后一个排除原则是:负面陈述可以排除,例如在剑桥6里的一篇讲电影发展历史的文章中,有一个选项是:“观众没有鉴赏能力”,陈述非常负面,可以排除掉。有了定位词,排除可能的错误选项后,下一步就是读文章,根据原文最终锁定答案了。
  从选择题考察的目的来看,可能有如下几个类型:
  1. 单句理解型
  是最简单,最好做的选择题了,所谓单句理解就是指题目对应于原文中的一句进行考察,只要读懂了原文中带有定位词的一句话,就可以出答案了。
  我们看一道剑桥例题:
  The writer suggests that newspapers print items that are intended to
  A. educate readers
  B. meet their readers expectations
  C. encourage feedback from their readers
  D. mislead their readers
  读题干,定位词是newspapers,看选项,D的逻辑有问题可以排除。接着找原文:Newspapers and broadcasters are there to provide what the public wants. 是不是等于B选项啊?所以答案就是B. 读懂原文一句话就可以了,比较简单吧!
  2. 考举例意图
  有些题目会问作者文中为啥会举例,你想如果你是作者,举例是不是为了说明自己的观点呀,所以考举例意图的选择题要重点读两种前后的观点句。
  请看真题例子:
  The writer quotes from the worldwide fund for nature to illustrate 1 how
  A. influential 2 the mass media can be.
  B. Effective environmental groups can be.
  C. The mass media can help groups raise funds
  D. Environmental groups can exaggerate their claims
  原文对应的是:Understandably, perhaps, they sometimes overstate their arguments. In 1997, for example, the worldwide fund for nature issued a press release entitled: “ two thirds of the world’s forests lost forever”. The truth turns out to be nearer 20%.原文中世界自然基金是带fro example后作为例子出现,所以重点要看前面的观点句,就是:they sometimes overstate their arguments他们有时会夸大他们的主张,与D选项一致,所以答案为D。
  3. 全段理解型
  考整段理解的会比较难,因为必须把整段读完,领会出内部逻辑后,才能最终锁定答案。
  请看真题例子:
  What does the writer say about America’s waste problem?
  A. it will increase in line with population growth
  B. it is not as important as we have been led to believe
  C. it has been reduced through public awareness 3 of the issue
  D. it is only significant in certain areas of the country
  原文:The fourth factor is poor individual perception. People worry that the endless rise in the amount of stuff everyone throws away will cause the world to run out of places to dispose of waste. Yet, even if America’s trash output continues to rise as it has done in the past, and even if the American population doubles by 2100, all the rubbish America produces in the 21st century will still take up only one-12000th of the area of the entire US.原文的前半段讲的是人们的糟糕观念,认为地球会没有处理垃圾的地方了将来,后半边说即使关于美国的两个假设实现了,整个美国在21世纪生产的垃圾也只占国土面积的12000分之1,所以答案应该是B就是不像我们原来被引导的认为的那么严重。
  所以,在做选择题时,同学们要先识别其类型,在锁定答案。最后提醒同学们,选择题会比较耗时,切记控制好时间,不可恋战。

1 illustrate
v.举例说明,阐明;图解,加插图
  • The company's bank statements illustrate its success.这家公司的银行报表说明了它的成功。
  • This diagram will illustrate what I mean.这个图表可说明我的意思。
2 influential
adj.有影响的,有权势的
  • He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
  • He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。
3 awareness
n.意识,觉悟,懂事,明智
  • There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
  • Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。
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akasic
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antipyrino-caffeinum citricum
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Axenfeld's test
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X-Machine
You never know your luck.
zinc dichromate