英语听力文摘 English Digest 278、形态各异的狗
时间：2019-03-09 作者：英语课 分类：英语听力文摘 English Digest
Man’s Best Friend—in All Shapes and Sizes
Scientists are making great strides in understanding the genes 1 that allow such a wide range of shapes, sizes and personalities 2 in different dog breeds.
Did you know domestic dogs were bred from wolves about 15,000 years ago? That's pretty recent in evolutionary 3 terms, isn't it? Very. Humans have sped up the diversification 4 of dogs by selecting for particular physical or behavioral traits such as size, coat type, trainability, and hunting or herding 5 ability. But dogs still show greater variety than any other domesticated 6 animal, and for a long time this variance 7 has largely been unexplained.
A group of genetics researchers collaborated 8 with dog breeders and veterinarians to study the DNA 9 from 148 different dog breeds. With such a large sample of genes from very different kinds of dogs, they were able to identify regions in the dog DNA that are important in regulating some key traits that differ between breeds.
Four regions were found that may regulate life span, a breed characteristic that usually decreases with increasing body size. Regions associated with some behavioural stereotypes 10 like herding, pointing and boldness were also identified.
The study could have far-reaching benefits for dogs and their owners. With further research, dog owners and vets 11 could use this information to customize the care, diet and medicines to the particular needs of their breed, and to identify and perhaps prevent breed-specific diseases.
- You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
- There seemed to be a degree of personalities in her remarks.她话里有些人身攻击的成分。
- Personalities are not in good taste in general conversation.在一般的谈话中诽谤他人是不高尚的。
- Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
- These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。
- The seminar was to discuss diversification of agriculture. 该研讨会讨论的是农业多种经营。 来自辞典例句
- Firm diversification is increasingly achieved by the means of takeover and merger. 通过接管和兼并，厂商经营范围日益多样化。 来自辞典例句
- The little boy is herding the cattle. 这个小男孩在放牛。
- They have been herding cattle on the tableland for generations. 他们世世代代在这高原上放牧。
- He is thoroughly domesticated and cooks a delicious chicken casserole. 他精于家务，烹制的砂锅炖小鸡非常可口。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The donkey is a domesticated form of the African wild ass. 驴是非洲野驴的一种已驯化的品种。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The question of woman suffrage sets them at variance. 妇女参政的问题使他们发生争执。
- It is unnatural for brothers to be at variance. 兄弟之间不睦是不近人情的。
- We have collaborated on many projects over the years. 这些年来我们合作搞了许多项目。
- We have collaborated closely with the university on this project. 我们与大学在这个专案上紧密合作。
- DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
- Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
- Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes. 这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。
- It makes me sick to read over such stereotypes devoid of content. 这种空洞无物的八股调，我看了就讨厌。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- I helped train many young vets and veterinary nurses too. 我还帮助培训了许多年青的兽医和护士。 来自互联网
- In fact, we've expanded mental health counseling and services for our vets. 实际上，我们已经扩大了退伍军人的心理健康咨询和服务。 来自互联网