时间:2019-03-02 作者:英语课 分类:雅思英语


英语课

   首先,我们来看TRUE的涵义。题目选TRUE的情况一般不难判断。当题目和原文对应的信息表述一致时,此题即判断为TRUE。这里所谓的表述一致有 两个层面的判断:一、主题信息要对等;二、句中关于主题信息的论述和说明也要一致。因为任何英语句子,其句义无非就是两个方面:主题(topic) 以及对主题的说明(How),所以只要这两点符合,即可判断为TRUE,试举一例说明:


  (剑IV/TEST2/19)
  题目:In the past, Australians had a higher opinion of doctors than they do today.
  原文:The high standing 1 of professionals, including doctors, has been eroded 2 as a consequence.
  定位完成后先看主题信息的对应,题目中医生在原文中能找到对应,而澳大利亚人虽然原文中没有对应,但从前句的信息来判断,原文的范围确实是在澳大利 亚。主题信息对应上了,接着就看两者对主题的论述是否一致了。题目说过去人们对医生有更高的评价,言下之意也就是说现在的评价下降了,而原文中的 “has been eroded”正是此意,两者完全匹配,所以选TRUE。
  另外需要补充的一点是,所谓选TRUE,并不意味着题目和原文百分之百的相等,只要两者的表述是在同一个方向上的便可,例如“same”和“similar”这两个表述就可以等同为是一致的。
  下面重点讲FALSE和NOT GIVEN的差别。先来看一看Vanessa Jakeman和Clare McDowell这两位雅思界的泰斗对FALSE和NOT GIVEN的区别做出的说明:
  “If you write “False” as your answer, you are saying that the information expressed in the question is the opposite of that presented in text. This is quite different from a “Not Given” answer, which says that you can find nothing in the text about the information.”
  这段话中的“opposite ”一词点出了“False”和“Not Given”的根本差别。也就是说选False还是选Not Given,关键是看题目的表述和原文的表述是否对立,若判断为对立,那就应该选False,而选Not Given的情况是两者表述并不对立,只是题目的信息在原文中找不到相对等的表述。这里简单举一个小例子就可以说明这一点:
  原文:The water is cold.
  题目1:The water is hot.
  题目2:The water is dirty.
  题目1判断为False,因为hot和cold是完全矛盾对立的,题目2判断为Not Given因为dirty和cold并不对立,只是原文中没有涉及而已。
 

n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
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