成功的关键：良好的沟通技能

 Good communication skills are key to success in life, work and relationships. Without effective communication, a message can turn into error, misunderstanding, frustration 2 or even disaster by being misinterpreted or poorly delivered.

Communication is the process by which we exchange information between individuals or groups of people. It is a process where we try as clearly and accurately 3 as we can, to convey our thoughts, intentions and objectives.
Communication is successful only when both the sender and the receiver understand the same information.
In today's highly informational and technological 4 environment it has become increasingly important to have good communication skills. While many individuals still continue to struggle, an inability to communicate effectively, will hold them back in their careers and in social and personal relationships.
The important steps to take in acquiring good
communication skills: 
Know what you want to say and why. Understand clearly the purpose and intent of your message. Know to whom you are communicating and why. Consider any barriers you may encounter such as cultural differences or situational circumstances (gender, age or economic biases). Ask yourself what outcome you want to achieve and the impression you want to leave. 
How will you say it? We're all aware by now, that it's not always what you say, but how you say it, that counts. Begin by making eye contact. You inspire trust and confidence when you look a person in the eyes when you speak. Second, be aware of your body language, since it can say so much more than your words. By standing 1 with arms easily at your side you tell others that you are approachable and open to hearing what they have to say. If, instead, your arms are crossed and shoulders hunched 5, it suggests disinterest or unwillingness 6 to communicate. Good posture 7 and an approachable stance help make even difficult communication flow more smoothly 8. Make sure you speak in a cooperative, non-adversarial tone. Be nonjudgmental.
Listen. Communication is a two way street. After you've said what you have to say, stop, listen and look for feedback and clues of comprehension. While the person is responding avoid any impulses to cut them off or listen only for the end of the sentence so that you can blurt 9 out more ideas or thoughts that come to your mind. Respectfully give them your full attention. When they are finished, to ensure that your message has been clearly and correctly understood, ask open questions and encourage discussion. Fine-tune your message if necessary.
Reach understanding, agreement or consensus 10. Once you have had to opportunity to discuss your message and the feedback to it, re-visit the purpose of the interchange. Have you reached common ground, solved a problem or clarified your position? If the purpose was to teach or instruct, have you accomplished 11 your goal? To communicate well is to understand and be understood. Make sure that your message has been received as intended and that any questions or concerns have been alleviated 12. You can even agree to disagree. There are no guarantees that your communication efforts will be meet with total compliance 13 and agreement. As long as you understand each other, are cordial and respectful, you can still have a successful exchange.  
More Tips for Developing Good Communication Skills
To obtain a better command of the English language (or any other language), expand your vocabulary by reading and writing more. Look up words you're not familiar with. The better you are able to express yourself, the better your ability to communicate. 
Practice your listening skills. Be considerate of other speakers by waiting until they are done before stating your views. Process what has being said before responding. 
Learn to understand and appreciate opposing points of view by being open-minded and making an effort to see things from others' perspective. It will in turn, gain you more cooperation and understanding. 
Avoid trying to communicate when in an emotional state. You lose objectivity and may say something inappropriate or regrettable. Take time to think your position through before speaking. 
Join an organization such as Toastmasters that encourages you to develop a variety of communication skills, as well as the opportunity to meet new and interesting people. 
When you take the time to acquire and hone good communication skills you open yourself up to better relationships, more career opportunities and increased self-confidence. You also reach higher levels of mutual 14 understanding and cooperation while achieving your goals with even greater success. All new skills take time to refine, however, with effort and practice you can develop good, even exceptional, communication skills.