美国国家公共电台 NPR Exercise Wins: Fit Seniors Can Have Hearts That Look 30 Years Younger
时间：2019-02-21 作者：英语课 分类：2018年NPR美国国家公共电台12月
STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:
We know that exercise benefits health - kind of obvious. And we're learning more about that. Researchers find people who exercise regularly throughout their lifetimes may be able to keep their hearts and muscles decades younger. NPR's Patti Neighmond reports on the study published in the Journal of Applied 1 Physiology 2.
PATTI NEIGHMOND, BYLINE 3: It started in the '70s - running, aerobics 4 - an exercise boon 5 that produced today's 70-somethings who've exercised most of their adult life like 74-year-old Susan Magrath, a retired 6 nurse practitioner 7 who started running as a young mother.
SUSAN MAGRATH: And have spent about 45 years running. I still run.
NEIGHMOND: It's addictive 8, she says, because no matter how the day goes, she can always run and feel better.
MAGRATH: I ran today actually. There was little snowflakes coming down, and it was down by the river. And it's just wonderful. I think it's also become more of a contemplative meditative 9 process for me.
NEIGHMOND: And it turns out an important boost for her physical health as well. Magrath was part of a study at Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana, headed by exercise physiologist 10 Scott Trappe, who divided 70 people into three groups - those in their mid-70s who exercised on average for over 52 years, those in their mid-70s who didn't do structured exercise, and those in their mid-20s who did. Trappe compared the three groups with the goal of answering these questions.
SCOTT TRAPPE: One, what was their cardiovascular health? Number two, what was their skeletal muscle health?
NEIGHMOND: To measure cardiovascular health, all participants cycled on a stationary 11 bike for increasingly challenging sessions and exhaled 12 into a mouthpiece that measured oxygen levels, an indicator 13 of cardiovascular strength.
TRAPPE: Lifelong exercisers did very well. Their cardiovascular system looked more like that of 40- to 45-year-olds.
NEIGHMOND: And when it came to muscles, the news was even better.
TRAPPE: Well, if I showed you the muscle data that we have, you wouldn't know that it was from an older individual.
NEIGHMOND: Because it looks more like the muscles of a 25-year-old. Trappe took pea-sized biopsies of muscles and examined capillaries 14 that produce blood flow and a number of enzymes 15.
TRAPPE: The capillaries and enzymes we're talking about were maintained relative to the young individuals. So it looks like full preservation 16 with the lifelong exercise.
NEIGHMOND: So Trappe says if you want to maintain health in later years, exercise routinely. Walking 30 to 45 minutes most days of the week can be highly beneficial. Patti Neighmond, NPR News.
(SOUNDBITE OF KHURANGBIN'S "PEOPLE EVERYWHERE (STILL ALIVE)")
- She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
- This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
- He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
- He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。
- His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
- We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。
- Doing aerobics is a good way to improve one's health.做有氧健身操是改善健康状况的一个好方法。
- Aren't you going to the aerobics class this morning?今天上午你不是去上有氧运动课吗？
- A car is a real boon when you live in the country.在郊外居住，有辆汽车确实极为方便。
- These machines have proved a real boon to disabled people.事实证明这些机器让残疾人受益匪浅。
- The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
- Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。
- He is an unqualified practitioner of law.他是个无资格的律师。
- She was a medical practitioner before she entered politics.从政前她是个开业医生。
- The problem with video game is that they're addictive.电子游戏机的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。
- Cigarettes are highly addictive.香烟很容易使人上瘾。
- A stupid fellow is talkative;a wise man is meditative.蠢人饶舌，智者思虑。
- Music can induce a meditative state in the listener.音乐能够引导倾听者沉思。
- Russian physiologist who observed conditioned salivary responses in dogs (1849-1936). （1849-1936）苏联生理学家，在狗身上观察到唾液条件反射，曾获1904年诺贝尔生理学-医学奖。
- The physiologist recently studied indicated that evening exercises beneficially. 生理学家新近研究表明，傍晚锻炼最为有益。
- A stationary object is easy to be aimed at.一个静止不动的物体是容易瞄准的。
- Wait until the bus is stationary before you get off.你要等公共汽车停稳了再下车。
- He sat back and exhaled deeply. 他仰坐着深深地呼气。
- He stamped his feet and exhaled a long, white breath. 跺了跺脚，他吐了口长气，很长很白。 来自汉英文学 - 骆驼祥子
- Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
- His left-hand indicator is flashing.他左手边的转向灯正在闪亮。
- The blood flows from the capillaries back into the veins. 血从毛细血管流回静脉。
- While Joe sleeps, a large percentage of his capillaries are inactive. 当乔睡觉时，他的毛细血管大部分是不工作的。
- It was said that washing powders containing enzymes remove stains more efficiently. 据说加酶洗衣粉除污更有效。
- Among the enzymes which are particularly effective are pepsin, papain. 在酶当中特别有效的是胃朊酶、木瓜酶。
- The police are responsible for the preservation of law and order.警察负责维持法律与秩序。
- The picture is in an excellent state of preservation.这幅画保存得极为完好。