时间:2019-02-19 作者:英语课 分类:实用英语


英语课

    1.何谓"rest room"?

    某校的"教师休息室"被译为"Teachers' Rest Room",一家"开心休闲屋"被译为"Happy Rest Room"。但"rest room"指的是"a public lavatory 1; cloakroom,公用盥洗室,衣帽间"。翻译这类型的场所可考虑"lounge"、"lobby"、"vestibule"或"foyer"。据说那所学校一个新来的外教有一天火急火燎地冲进去,结果可以想象;如此想当然的字面翻译真是令人尴尬。

    2.是"wineshop"还是"restaurant"?

    一些"酒家"被译为"Wineshop"。在英文里,"wineshop"指的是"a cafe or tavern 2 that specializes in serving wine",专指供人喝酒、小憩之处,而中国人所说酒馆、酒楼、酒肆或酒家其实就是饭店、餐馆,英文都应是"restaurant"。

    3.是"high school"还是"middle school"?

    大多数有高中的"中学"被译为"middle school",此词实际只指初中和高一的阶段,"a school between elementary school and high school."。有高中的中学应译为"high school",用"middle school"其实是把自己将格了。

    4.何来"purchase center"?

    某"购物中心"英译为"???PURCHASE CENTER",这是不规范的自创表达法。笔者查询牛津、剑桥、韦氏和朗文工具书都查不出"purchase center" 这样的词条,也咨询了英美人士和留学海外的学子,却都认为没有此说法。英语有"shopping center",但所指购物场所很大,而且常在市郊;而该"购物中心"一则占地与规模都很小,二则地处市中心附近,因而也不宜这么翻,充其量就是"department store"(百货商店)。

    5."corporation"是什么?

    某"国际机场集团公司"被译为"International Airport Group Corporation"。"corporation"指"Groups of persons authorized 3 to act as an individual,eg,for Business purposes",实际上该词本身有总公司的意味,因而"group"是多余的,有些总公司就是用这个词来表示。查一些影响较大的词典都没有发现"group corporation",但有"group company"之说。

    6."square","plaza"分别指什么广场?

    "square"意为"four-sided open area,eg,in a town,used as a garden or for recreation,or one enclosed by streets and buildings","buildings and street surroundings","blocks of buildings bounded by four streets; distance along one side of such a block",所能指的广场大概相当于"天安门广场"、"五一广场"之类。现在新出现的众多的冠以"广场"名称的商业性质的写字楼群应该用"plaza",意为"a complex of stores, banks and movie theatres, etc"。目前我国广场,如"国贸广场","财经广场",大都源于该词。

    7."store"、"shop"规模有多大?

    "store"是一个卖东西的地方,"shops selling many varieties of goods""shop"意思相近,指"building or part of a building where goods are shown and sold retail 4",规模并不大。目前,这两个词被滥用了,结果往往是把自己降格了,不能表达许多商业场所本身所具有的规模。多功能的商场,比如带有娱乐场所或银行分点的,宜用"plaza"或"mall",后者指"a large retail complex containing stores and restaurants in adjacent buildings, or in a single large building"。当然,"store"在国外也有用来指很大的商店,有的建筑面积达二十几万平方米,服务员上班时穿溜冰鞋工作,但此时所用的是合成词"hyperstore",目前我们国内能冠以该词的店铺可能还非常少,8.是"city area"还是 "downtown area"?

    路牌"市区"被英译为"City Area"。中文所说的"市区"指的是人口和房屋建筑比较集中的闹市区,而"city"指的是整个城市,既包括了闹市区,也包括了郊区。闹市区在国外称"Downtown Area"或"Downtown District"。

    9.“出差”是on business还是on evection?

    一个学生把“我的朋友去北京出差了。”译成 “My friend went to Beijing on evection.”。查《英汉大词典》evection果然解释为“出差”,但仔细看,这是一个天文学词汇,是指“由于太阳的吸引而在月球轨道上引起的摄动”。我想这位学生大概是背诵GRE词汇时,只记中文解释,而不理解其真正意思造成的。其实,这句话只要译成; “My friend went to Beijing on business.”就行了。此“出差”非彼“出差”,做翻译查词典,千万不可粗心大意,有时最好要看看其原文解释。



n.盥洗室,厕所
  • Is there any lavatory in this building?这座楼里有厕所吗?
  • The use of the lavatory has been suspended during take-off.在飞机起飞期间,盥洗室暂停使用。
n.小旅馆,客栈;小酒店
  • There is a tavern at the corner of the street.街道的拐角处有一家酒馆。
  • Philip always went to the tavern,with a sense of pleasure.菲利浦总是心情愉快地来到这家酒菜馆。
a.委任的,许可的
  • An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。
v./n.零售;adv.以零售价格
  • In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
  • These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。
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acate pneumonic tuberculosis
air tanker
Allen key
amynologic
AOEL
AORTF
aperture-field method
Bactris
benzene hexachloride (bhc)
cage structure
camcorders
caraca
carved wooden necklace
ccr(current cell rate)
centerbody
charge turbulent fluctuation
circle shear
circular shelf dryer
closed cycle
coefficient of self oscillation
conjugate locus
conservations of mass
corrosion resisting property
cost utility analysis
cross-adaptation
crumpacker
cryogenic heat pipe
crystalliser
diacetyl-dihydroxydiphenylisatin
dimethyl tartrate
double punch and blank-column detection
dower and courtesy interests
Duhring's diagram
enteric bacillus
epistatic gene
EPO-R
family Lobotidae
Fleet vehicle
fuze firing mechanism
gets along
graduated hopper-charging
gynaeco-
Hall flowmeter
hindshanks
honey glands
Johnny on the spot
lehmannite
listenest
literary critics
make one's escape
marieclaude
mechanization of maintenance
miniatus
molecular absorption band
mounting metallurgical specimens
musculus extensor digitorum longus pedis
network-connected
neutral phosphate
NIH-7519
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paddle type agitator
papillary foramen
paris-journal
Phyllomahaleb
pitching change
platform barrier
POPSIPT
Porlezzina
propeller-regulating mechanism
pulpiform
rassling
recovery flap
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resistance-weld mill
rock bolting jumbo
S.S.P.
spheriflex hub
spring gage
stopine
sturrocks
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superpredicate
switching line
tail throat of a hump yard
teeming stage
tetralogies of fallot
the Met
The sands are running out.
theater air priority number
Themar
tie-in line
tin plate printing
tinamidaes
trachodonts
transfer target
turning block
turpentine wood oil
universal cutter and tool grinder
weather search radar
zahava
Zarp