改革推动古巴的发展

改革推动古巴的发展

 HAVANA, Dec. 30 (Xinhua) -- The Cuban government continued to implement 1 reforms in 2013 as part of its efforts to modernize 2 its social system and spur economic development.

All year through, officials continued to make progress on more than 300 reforms spearheaded by Cuban leader Raul Castro, who said in the middle of the year that the preliminary results were encouraging, though much more remained to be done "to modernize our economic and social model."

The most anticipated reform came in January, when the government passed a new immigration law scrapping 3 requests for Cubans to produce exit permits and letters of invitation before traveling abroad.

May was a month of major economic reforms as the government agreed to give more autonomy to state-run companies. It also began to create several non-agricultural cooperatives, or some 200 semi-private enterprises, most in the field of transportation, construction, and the recycling, processing and marketing 4 of raw materials.

In June, another important reform was implemented 5, as the state-owned Telecommunications Company of Cuba opened 121 cyber cafes in the country, where Cubans could surf the Internet.

The move brought the Internet closer to Cubans. Until then, Internet access was limited to foreign visitors or residents, and mostly concentrated at hotels, as only Cuban professionals in certain fields were authorized 6 access, including academics, journalists, doctors or artists.

In July, Cubans began to discuss a new labor 7 law, which was finally approved by the National Assembly of People's Power on Dec. 20. The law particularly addresses the needs of the nearly half a million Cubans who are now self-employed, as those working in the country's budding private sector 8 are called.

Perhaps the biggest news of the year, announced in October, was the gradual move to unify 10 Cuban dual 9 currency system into a single one.

Jose Luis Rodriguez, the former economy minister, said the country would take at least three years to comply with the monetary 11 union, because it was a "complex issue intertwined with the process of an ongoing 12 program of structural 13 transformations 14, and its gradual implementation 15 will take time."

Cuba held the International Fair of Havana in early november, where Rodrigo Malmierca, minister of foreign trade and investment, presented the Special Development Zone of Mariel to potential foreign investors 16.

The development zone, located at Mariel Port, west of Havana, is a key part of the country's strategy to modernize its economy by attracting companies with incentives 17 and tax breaks, generating exports, creating jobs, and promoting the transfer of technology.

The latest data predicted a 2.7-percent GDP growth in 2013, below the the previous estimate of 3.6 percent, mostly due to a fall in foreign revenue earnings 18, incomes of manufacturing and construction.

Still, most sectors 19 registered increases compared to 2012, Economy Minister Abdel Yzquierdo said.