时间:2019-02-18 作者:英语课 分类:阅读空间


英语课

 It seems like every sleep expert has reduced the fascinating topic of sleep to a boring set of rules:


    * Keep your room dark.
    * Take a warm bath.
    * Keep the bedroom for sleep and sex only.
    * Avoid caffeine x hours before bedtime (where x depends on who you ask).
    * Don’t drink alcohol.
Et cetera, et cetera, yadda, yadda…
Sleep is much more interesting than that. Now don’t get me wrong, the above points are valid 1. Some of it is great advice.
But it isn’t the half of it.
Obtaining super-quality sleep has become a (somewhat nerdy) passion of mine, and I personally don’t think the standard set of rules like the ones listed above really do justice to the nuances of better sleep.
Sleep is no doubt a critical ingredient in a healthy lifestyle. If I sleep poorly, I feel like an irritable 2, unproductive, unmotivated, unhappy, sick, deprived zombie.
But if I have “10 out of 10″ sleep, I feel like superman. My consciousness becomes crystal-clear. I feel more self-aware. And I get more creative work done than I would as a sleep-impoverished drone.
In this article I will describe five “unusual” sleep tricks that can give you that “10 out of 10″ super-quality sleep.
1. Dawn Simulation
As many of you know, melatonin is a key hormone 3 in sleep quality. It promotes deep sleep, which not only makes it easier to wake up in the morning, but gives you that superman energy during the day.
Your body, however, only produces melatonin when triggered by a dark environment. And since this production occurs somewhat slowly, it makes sense to get a “head start” on melatonin production before actually turning in for the night.
The “trick” I use is called dawn simulation. One hour before bedtime I dim the lights as much as possible to simulate our pre-industrial environment. If I’m reading, I’ll do so by dim light. Or if I’m meditating 4, I’ll make my room completely dark.
However, I’m almost always on the computer during the last hour of the day. So what I do is turn down the monitor brightness all the way and put on sunglasses — yes, sunglasses. After an hour or so of sporting sunglasses on a dim monitor I’ll feel a sudden and heavy wave of drowsiness 5 — that’s the melatonin kicking in. This wave of drowsiness is the brain’s way of saying it’s time for bed, and an indicator 6 that going to sleep at that time is a “shortcut” into the deepest stages of sleep.
2. Anticipate the morning wake-up
Many people have great difficulty waking up in the morning. To a large extent this may be because of sleep deprivation 7 or an out-of-sync circadian rhythm. But a groggy 8 morning might be due to something else entirely 9 — lack of alertness hormones 10.
Naturally, your body spikes 12 alertness hormones — such as cortisol and ACTH — in the morning to help you get out of bed and give you a morning jolt 13 of energy. Difficulty in waking up can simply be from a weak or mistimed hormone spike 11!
If your body intends to wake up at 9:00am, but your alarm goes off at 6:00am, you won’t get the morning dose of cortisol and ACTH. Fortunately, we can fix this problem.
One study showed that by simply anticipating a wake-up time, your body will spike alertness hormones precisely 14 at that time. So if you go to bed stressing over waking up early (say, for an early flight), your brain’s built-in alarm clock gets “set” to that time and will release hormones to help wake you up.
On the other hand, if you go to bed with the intention of eternal slumber 15, the alertness spike might occur too late or too weak.
This might explain why simply being excited about the waking life makes getting out of bed easier. And it might explain why those using sleep as an escape from the real world have more difficulty waking up.
Although the basic psychological trick of “anticipating” a waking-up time seems to work, alternatively you can keep your wake up time consistent day to day so that your brian’s internal alarm clock is programmed through habit.
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3. Light in the Morning.
Did you know that sunlight exposure in the early morning is better than exposure at later times in the day?
Light exposure helps regulate our “circadian rhythms”. If our circadian rhythm runs in tune 16 with the 24-hour day, our sleep quality is highly optimized 17. However, many of us are pushing our body clocks to run on a 25-hour day, which gives us the tendency to stay up later and later each night, making it harder and harder to wake up on time the next morning.
To “reset” a 25-hour body clock back to a 24-hour period, we need to understand how light regulates this body clock.
Studies have shown that light in the early morning has a strong “resetting 18” effect on the body clock, while light later in the evening “advances” the body clock. It’s the first hour or so after waking up where the “resetting” effect is strongest.
Although a healthy dose of sunlight at any time of day is good for our health, it’s impractical 19 for most of us to spend our lives outside soaking in the sun. The better solution is to focus on when light has the best resetting effect on our circadian rhythm — during the morning, right after waking up.
I simply go for a morning jog for that dose of morning sun, but people also use light boxes or wide-spectrum lightbulbs with success.
4. Brain stimulation 20.
You’ve probably heard that “sleep improves memory” or that “sleep makes you smarter”. Nothing could be more accurate!
Our brain is an incredible machine. Recent research into neuroplasticity shows just how adaptable 21 our brain can be.
We all know that the enemy of a healthy brain is routine. To keep the brain sharp, it must be exposed to new challenges and new environments. Use it or lose it, as they say.
However, daytime mental stimulation is only half of the equation. The other half is sleep.
A bit of “brain fitness” during the day primes your brain for growth, such as through memory consolidation 22 (rewiring) and neurogenesis (cell growth). But that’s all. It only primes the brain. It’s stage 3 and stage 4 sleep where the actual rewiring and cell growth occurs!
For a highly creative individual who wants to maximize cognitive 23 abilities, maximizing stage 3 and 4 amount is critical. Without proper deep sleep, any skills that were “practiced” during the day will be tossed out the window.
I almost feel guilty spending a day just surfing the web, or just watching TV. Every day we have an opportunity to take advantage of the brain-enhancing process that will occur the following night. And for every day we stick to the old routine we miss that opportunity.
Whether its learning a language, playing a musical instrument, working on math problems, or simply exploring new locations, a bit of mental challenge will help you get the most out of sleep’s brain-enhancing functions.
5. Wake up to Euphoric Music.
An obnoxious 24 buzz from an alarm clock is no way to start the day.
A trick I’ve been using for some time is waking up to mood-enhancing music. It’s a simple trick, but can be very powerful in determining your morning state-of-mind.
If you set euphoric music as an alarm it does two things.
First, the clear mental slate 25 during those first few moments of consciousness is, I think, more impressionable to external emotional cues. Waking up to euphoric music instantly triggers a positive emotional response before negative thoughts can take over. This is a great way to start the day.
Second, if you set the music volume just right it will only wake you up at the end of a sleep cycle, which is a natural wake-up opportunity for your body anyway. It takes some experimenting — not too loud so that you don’t wake up in stage 2 or REM sleep, but not so quiet that you won’t move out of stage 1 sleep and into consciousness. If you get this right, waking up will be much easier.
If you try these sleep hacks 26 for a week or two, don’t be surprised if you start getting that “on top of the world” feeling after a good night’s sleep.

adj.有确实根据的;有效的;正当的,合法的
  • His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
  • Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗?
adj.急躁的;过敏的;易怒的
  • He gets irritable when he's got toothache.他牙一疼就很容易发脾气。
  • Our teacher is an irritable old lady.She gets angry easily.我们的老师是位脾气急躁的老太太。她很容易生气。
n.荷尔蒙,激素,内分泌
  • Hormone implants are used as growth boosters.激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。
  • This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body.这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
a.沉思的,冥想的
  • They were meditating revenge. 他们在谋划进行报复。
  • The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics. 这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。
n.睡意;嗜睡
  • A feeling of drowsiness crept over him. 一种昏昏欲睡的感觉逐渐袭扰着他。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This decision reached, he finally felt a placid drowsiness steal over him. 想到这,来了一点平安的睡意。 来自汉英文学 - 骆驼祥子
n.指标;指示物,指示者;指示器
  • Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
  • His left-hand indicator is flashing.他左手边的转向灯正在闪亮。
n.匮乏;丧失;夺去,贫困
  • Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous.多实验都证实了睡眠被剥夺是危险的。
  • Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.错过假日是极大的损失。
adj.体弱的;不稳的
  • The attack of flu left her feeling very groggy.她患流感后非常虚弱。
  • She was groggy from surgery.她手术后的的情况依然很不稳定。
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地
  • The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
  • His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。
n.长钉,钉鞋;v.以大钉钉牢,使...失效
  • The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
  • They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。
n.穗( spike的名词复数 );跑鞋;(防滑)鞋钉;尖状物v.加烈酒于( spike的第三人称单数 );偷偷地给某人的饮料加入(更多)酒精( 或药物);把尖状物钉入;打乱某人的计划
  • a row of iron spikes on a wall 墙头的一排尖铁
  • There is a row of spikes on top of the prison wall to prevent the prisoners escaping. 监狱墙头装有一排尖钉,以防犯人逃跑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
v.(使)摇动,(使)震动,(使)颠簸
  • We were worried that one tiny jolt could worsen her injuries.我们担心稍微颠簸一下就可能会使她的伤势恶化。
  • They were working frantically in the fear that an aftershock would jolt the house again.他们拼命地干着,担心余震可能会使房子再次受到震动。
adv.恰好,正好,精确地,细致地
  • It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
  • The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。
n.睡眠,沉睡状态
  • All the people in the hotels were wrapped in deep slumber.住在各旅馆里的人都已进入梦乡。
  • Don't wake him from his slumber because he needs the rest.不要把他从睡眠中唤醒,因为他需要休息。
n.调子;和谐,协调;v.调音,调节,调整
  • He'd written a tune,and played it to us on the piano.他写了一段曲子,并在钢琴上弹给我们听。
  • The boy beat out a tune on a tin can.那男孩在易拉罐上敲出一首曲子。
adj.最佳化的,(使)最优化的v.使最优化,使尽可能有效( optimize的过去式和过去分词 )
  • We are often asked whether consumer Web sites should be optimized for beginners or intermediates. 我们常常被问到这样的问题:消费类网站究竟应该为新手而优化,还是应该为中间用户而优化? 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • GOOGLE Advertising optimized sequence, greatly increasing the advertising effect. 优化了GOOGLE广告位排列顺序,大大增加了广告效果。 来自互联网
v.重新安放或安置( reset的现在分词 );重拨(测量仪器指针);为(考试、测试等)出一套新题;重新安置,将…恢复原位
  • Range represents the maximum strain which can be recorded without resetting or replacing the strain gage. 量程表示无需重调或重装应变计就能记录到的最大应变。 来自辞典例句
  • Adding weight to the puddle jumper by resetting its inertial dampeners. 通过调节飞船的惯性装置来增加重量。 来自电影对白
adj.不现实的,不实用的,不切实际的
  • He was hopelessly impractical when it came to planning new projects.一到规划新项目,他就完全没有了实际操作的能力。
  • An entirely rigid system is impractical.一套完全死板的体制是不实际的。
n.刺激,激励,鼓舞
  • The playgroup provides plenty of stimulation for the children.幼儿游戏组给孩子很多启发。
  • You don't get any intellectual stimulation in this job.你不能从这份工作中获得任何智力启发。
adj.能适应的,适应性强的,可改编的
  • He is an adaptable man and will soon learn the new work.他是个适应性很强的人,很快就将学会这种工作。
  • The soil is adaptable to the growth of peanuts.这土壤适宜于花生的生长。
n.合并,巩固
  • The denser population necessitates closer consolidation both for internal and external action. 住得日益稠密的居民,对内和对外都不得不更紧密地团结起来。 来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源
  • The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy. 国家保障国营经济的巩固和发展。 来自汉英非文学 - 中国宪法
adj.认知的,认识的,有感知的
  • As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大,他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
  • The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。
adj.极恼人的,讨人厌的,可憎的
  • These fires produce really obnoxious fumes and smoke.这些火炉冒出来的烟气确实很难闻。
  • He is the most obnoxious man I know.他是我认识的最可憎的人。
n.板岩,石板,石片,石板色,候选人名单;adj.暗蓝灰色的,含板岩的;vt.用石板覆盖,痛打,提名,预订
  • The nominating committee laid its slate before the board.提名委员会把候选人名单提交全体委员会讨论。
  • What kind of job uses stained wood and slate? 什么工作会接触木头污浊和石板呢?
黑客
  • But there are hacks who take advantage of people like Teddy. 但有些无赖会占类似泰迪的人的便宜。 来自电影对白
  • I want those two hacks back here, right now. 我要那两个雇工回到这儿,现在就回。 来自互联网
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