时间:2019-02-16 作者:英语课 分类:英语听力文摘 English Digest


英语课
肌肉生而不等


Don:It’s not fair!


Yaël: What’s not fair?


D: I was rereading the Constitution of the United States. It says here that “All people are created equal.”That’s just not true!

 
 
Y:What do you mean?

 
D: Well, it’s always being my dream to become the Olympic champion in the 100-meter-dash. But no matter how hard I train, I’m just not fast enough.

 
Y:You just realize this now.

 
D:Some guys are simply faster than everyone else.

 
Y:That’s because some people are born with more faster twitch muscle fiber 1 than others.

 
D:With what?

 
Y:That’s a big part of what make people faster than others. Muscles are made of two kinds of fibers 2–fast twitch and slow twitch

 
D:What’s the difference?

 
Y:Slow-twitch fibers use energy aerobically 3 and can work for long periods of time before getting tired. 

 
D:So they can contract more slowly, but can keep going without burning themselves out.

 
Y:Right! Slow twitch fibers have a lot of myoglobin, a protein that helps transfer oxygen into the mitochondria, the power houses of the cell that produce cellular 4 energy. 

 
D:So Marathon runners must have a lot of slow twitch muscle fibers.

 
Y:Exactly, since they have to keep going for long periods. 

 
D:So sprinters have a lot of fast twitch muscle fiber.

 
Y:Right! Fast twitch fibers consume energy quickly and are good for short, powerful bursts of movement like sprinting 5 and jumping. World-class sprinters typically have about 80% fast twitch muscle fiber.

 
D:Luck dogs!

 
Y:And, of course, they train incredibly hard to develop their natural gifts. Olympic gold is not won by muscle fiber alone.

 
D:But it certainly helps!
 
 


短跑“外星人”博尔特
Don:真不公平!

 
 
Yaël:什么不公平?

 
D:我又读了一遍《美国宪法》,上面写着:“人人生而平等。”事实并非如此!

 
Y:你想说什么?

 
D:成为奥运会的百米短跑冠军一直是我的梦想。可是,无论我多么努力,我就是跑不了那么快。

 
Y:你才意识到啊!

 
D:有些人就是比别人都跑得快。

 
Y:那是因为他们天生比他人多快收缩肌纤维。

 
D:有更多什么?

 
Y:快收缩肌纤维大大地决定了跑步速度。肌肉有两种纤维构成:快收缩肌肉纤维和慢收缩肌肉纤维。

 
D:有什么不同吗?

 
Y:慢收缩肌肉纤维用于有氧耗能,适合耐力性运动。

 
D: 所以慢收缩肌肉纤维收缩更慢,但是持续时间更长。

 
Y:说的对,因为马拉松耗能耗时长。

 
D:那么,短跑健将有很多快收缩肌肉纤维了。

 
Y:没错!慢收缩肌肉纤维富含肌红蛋白。肌红蛋白可帮助肌细胞将氧转运到线粒体,而线粒体是细胞能源工厂。

 
D:那么,马拉松选手肯定有很多慢收缩肌肉纤维了。

 
Y:对,快收缩肌肉纤维耗能快,特别适合短而有力的爆发性动作,比如短跑和跳跃,世界级短跑健将体内80%肌肉都是快收缩肌肉纤维。

 
D:真是幸福!

 
Y:当然,他们不仅仅靠天赋,还有艰苦地训练来完善技能。获得奥运金牌可并非肌肉纤维就可以。

 
D:但是不得不承认肌肉纤维起了作用。
 

Constitution of the United States:《美国宪法》


dash:短跑


fiber:纤维


aerobical:有氧的



n.纤维,纤维质
  • The basic structural unit of yarn is the fiber.纤维是纱的基本结构单元。
  • The material must be free of fiber clumps.这种材料必须无纤维块。
光纤( fiber的名词复数 ); (织物的)质地; 纤维,纤维物质
  • Thesolution of collagen-PVA was wet spined with the sodium sulfate as coagulant and collagen-PVA composite fibers were prepared. 在此基础上,以硫酸钠为凝固剂,对胶原-PVA共混溶液进行湿法纺丝,制备了胶原-PVA复合纤维。
  • Sympathetic fibers are distributed to all regions of the heart. 交感神经纤维分布于心脏的所有部分。
adv.aerobic(需氧的,需气的,生存于氧气中的)的变形
  • Nitrate was aerobically reduced to nitrite. 硝酸盐去氧后转化为亚硝酸盐。 来自互联网
  • The main thing is to pick something you can aerobically, and do it! 重要的是挑个有氧活动,并且去做! 来自互联网
adj.移动的;细胞的,由细胞组成的
  • She has a cellular telephone in her car.她的汽车里有一部无线通讯电话机。
  • Many people use cellular materials as sensitive elements in hygrometers.很多人用蜂窝状的材料作为测量温度的传感元件。
v.短距离疾跑( sprint的现在分词 )
  • Stride length and frequency are the most important elements of sprinting. 步长和步频是短跑最重要的因素。 来自互联网
  • Xiaoming won the gold medal for sprinting in the school sports meeting. 小明在学校运动会上夺得了短跑金牌。 来自互联网
学英语单词
adsorption precipitant
Archimedes spiral
asteromphalus heptactis
atmospheric radioactivity
bidirectional laminate
calcium soap
captaine
carbon granule
castellet
centurians
charge with
Chon Thanh
cierne klacany
CMSN
Cratognathodus
criosphinxes
cucumber tree
Cymbopogon flexuosus
digital test equipment
DOCA
double-barrelled
Dow cell(for bromine)
electric hand planer
empathies
error bound
esodic nerve
femalish
fibrinous
following error in servo system
Fuji Electric
genus Bletia
gists
gnu goats
gog
gyro wheel
hand fire alarm
herget
hold well
IGF-1
impedance mismatching
interleaves
intransitiveness
invested center
isopropenyl benzene
jiffin'
kallur
Killamarsh
Korat cat
lira da braccio
mantaro
marlstone rock
medical fiber
method of monthly averages
microtiter complement fixation test
modulo-three counter
moisture content alarm
molecular layer of cerebellum
multiitem multisource system
mussorgsky
mute of malice
mwangi
neutron powder profile
non-transfer expenditure
output power
Owens River
paeonin
plain radiography
pleinge
polymer homologous range
post-meal
principle of ability to pay
programtracer
ptychodium
Quidde, Ludwig
rahad
range acquisition
reptility
rough plank
Schizodonta
secondary porosity index
secondary standard reference surface
set theories
siphonic water collection
straight tube boiler
stupidities
surface electric double layer
tadpole-like
take our eyes off
tathra
thermochemistry of organometallic compounds
timing schedule
to the front
tribrompthenyl salicylate
ultra-sound
urians
vanilla essence
venom fang
wheldons
wonkery
wrathiest
zeuzera coffeae nietner
zig-zag type