科学美国人60秒 SSS 虎鲸文化通过模仿我们而揭示出来
时间：2019-02-13 作者：英语课 分类：2018年科学美国人2月
Killer 1 Whale Culture Revealed By Mimicking 2 Us
Killer whales, also called orcas, are like dolphins and belugas—they all have a wide vocal 3 repertoire 4. But orcas also have uniquedialects among different pods. Which suggests the animals can learn new and unique sounds by imitating mom, or another whale.Researchers tested that premise 5 by asking a killer whale named Wikie to imitate novel sounds from another killer whale, like this [Wolf sound] or this [Creaking door sound].
虎鲸也被称为逆戟鲸，就像海豚和白鲸，它们都有广泛的声乐表演系统。“orca的声音”但是orcas在不同的鲸类中也有独特性。这表明，动物可以通过模仿妈妈或从另一种鲸鱼那里来学习新的独特的声音。研究人员通过询问名叫Wikie的虎鲸，来模仿来自另一只虎鲸的新颖声音，来测试这个前提，就像这样[狗叫声]或者[敲门声]。
And then: Wikie's trainers asked her to imitate them speaking English. Here's how she did: ["Amy", "Hello]Pretty impressive, especially because she's using her nasal passages to imitate sounds we make with our vocal cords.
然后：Wikie的培训师要求她模仿他们说英语。她的做法如下：[“艾米”，“你好”]非常令人印象深刻，特别是因为她用她的鼻腔，模仿我们用声带发出的声音。
And a technical acoustic 6 analysis of the original and imitated sounds showed that Wikie was doing a reliable job of mimicry 7, suggesting orcas do indeed possess the ability of vocal imitation. The study is in the Proceedings 8 of the Royal Society B.
对原始的和模仿的声音进行的技术性声学分析表明，Wikie正在做一个可靠的模仿工作，这表明虎鲸确实具有模仿声音的能力。 这项研究结果发表在《英国皇家学会会议》杂志上。
So how long before Wikie's fluent in English? Well: "This is not our goal." Study author José Zamorano-Abramson, a comparative psychologist. "We are focusing on one aspect of vocal language, which is the capacity for vocal imitation." Because the ability to imitate implies a way to transmit culture… and preserve each orca pod's unique repertoire.
那么，Wikie要说出流利的英语还有多长时间呢?那么：“这不是我们的目标。”研究作者JoséZamorano-Abramson——比较心理学家。“我们专注于声乐语言的一个方面，这就是声音模仿的能力。”因为模仿能力意味着一种传播文化的方式......并且保留每个虎鲸的独特特点。
- Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
- The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。
- She's always mimicking the teachers. 她总喜欢模仿老师的言谈举止。
- The boy made us all laugh by mimicking the teacher's voice. 这男孩模仿老师的声音，逗得我们大家都笑了。 来自辞典例句
- The tongue is a vocal organ.舌头是一个发音器官。
- Public opinion at last became vocal.终于舆论哗然。
- There is an extensive repertoire of music written for the flute.有很多供长笛演奏的曲目。
- He has added considerably to his piano repertoire.他的钢琴演奏曲目大大增加了。
- Let me premise my argument with a bit of history.让我引述一些史实作为我立论的前提。
- We can deduce a conclusion from the premise.我们可以从这个前提推出结论。
- The hall has a fine acoustic.这个大厅的传音效果很好。
- Animals use a whole rang of acoustic, visual,and chemical signals in their systems of communication.动物利用各种各样的听觉、视觉和化学信号来进行交流。
- One of his few strengths was his skill at mimicry.他为数不多的强项之一就是善于模仿。
- Language learning usually necessitates conscious mimicry.一般地说，学习语言就要进行有意识的摹仿。
- He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
- to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼