科学美国人60秒 SSS 主动活泼一点会更好
时间：2019-02-13 作者：英语课 分类：2018年科学美国人2月
Poorer Kids May Be Too Respectful at School
Kids from different economic backgrounds behave differently in classrooms. For example, working class kids are less likely to ask for help from teachers than are their middle class counterparts. And when they do ask for help, they’re less aggressive about it. That’s according to a study that followed students from the third grade through the fifth, published in the journal American Sociological Review.
家庭经济背景不同的孩子，在班级里表现也不同。比如，工人阶级出身的孩子跟他们中产阶级的同学相比，比较不善于向老师求助。而且就算向老师求助了，他们也对其并不太上心。该结果依据《美国社会学评论》刊登的一项研究——通过跟踪学生从三年级到五年级的表现做的研究。
Part of the difference in how kids act comes from the guidance they’ve gotten at home. As a rule, working class parents coach their kids to work out problems on their own. And if the kids did ask for help, it was in subtle ways—like sitting quietly with a hand raised. Middle class kids? Their parents urged them to be proactive, even to interrupt their teachers for help.
孩子们表现不同一部分是受家庭引导的影响。通常，工人阶级的父母都会教育孩子要自己解决问题。并且即使这些孩子求助了，他们也是通过很微妙的方式——比如安静地坐着举起一只手。那中产阶级的孩子们呢?他们的家长敦促他们要积极主动，甚至为了求助打断老师。
The result is that teachers were more likely to attend to the assistance-seekers and louder class-participators. Which left working class kids behind and magnified inequalities. So the working class child’s behavior, which they and their parents see as “respectful,” could impair 1 their success in the classroom. And prevent them from joining their classmates in higher social classes.
结果是，老师貌似更乐于照应那些“求助者”和大声的“课堂参与者”。而这致使工人阶级的孩子落后并加大了不平等。因此，工人阶级家庭眼中孩子“恭敬有礼”的行为，很可能不利于他们在课堂上表现好。甚至会阻碍他们同来自更高社会阶层的同学交往。