时间:2019-02-13 作者:英语课 分类:阅读空间


英语课

   语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的,以英语为例,英语有五种基本语调:升调(?)、降调(?)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)。一句话除了词汇意义(lexical meaning)还有语调意义(intonation meaning)。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义,而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子,语调不同,意思就会不同,有时甚至会相差千里。请看下例:


  1)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry?(?)
  Jean用升调说“Sorry”,其意思是“I didn’t hear you.Could 1 you say that again,please?”
  我们再看下句:
  2)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry.(?)
  在对话2)中,Jean用降调说“Sorry”,显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。
  美国著名语言学家Kenneth L.Pike认为:
  一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的,而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。
  英语有四级能区别意义的调高:
  1)特高调(extra high),即比正常的声调高两级,常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。
  2)高调(high),即比正常的声调高一级,一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。
  3)中调(mid),即说话人声音的正常高度。
  4)低调(low),即比正常的声调低一级,
  一般是降调的最低点。
  应该按照说话人的态度来分语调模式,而不能按照句子的语法结构来分。没有所谓“疑问句的语调”或“陈述句的语调”。因为疑问句和陈述句都可以用各种语调模式来说。

v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
标签: 语调
学英语单词
a dirt farmer
ability to bear
acidulous water
active movement
actual travel speed of tractor
adjectival noun
Aeneids
Al Fifi
Anemone flaccida
angle of retarded closing
ANOMIOIDEA
answer next lamp
appendage task
asperrimus
balizier fibre
broach-holder
calibrated standard
calipee
Calstabin
cam forming and profiling machine
Changsaduk
chivalries
choked disc
co-locate
combination denture
computer system on a network
conceived
consistency of performance
consumable load
course schedule
Cupula, Pico
de jure sovereignty
differential mode voltage
digitally synthesized amplitude filter
domestic bird
double becket
dynamic track following
electric wind
eleoplast
energy flow diagrams
entreatment
epicranial aponeurosis
four-out-of-eight code
glucoprivation
goitrogenic
graphic progress chart
grin-rod lens switch
gross demestic product estimate
hemibrachydome
horse-shoe tunnel
husselbeck
hynam
infectious pododermatitis
ischys
jerry can
jogging track
John Heming
kakosmia
kilobaud
kinnaut
Koukourou
Kǔmya
layer 3 switch
lycopenodermia
mean noon sunlight
mohatt
mollifies
most significant character
necessaires
non interlaced raster
noncollector
open band twist
orthophotomosaic
parasitic diseases
PDPD
pentadodecahedrons
permeabilises
posher
quick release relay
recessus phrenicomediastinum
rocked blade
rotary diamond drill
sand-dune stabilization
serious-minded
shrinke
silver plumbate
sleepwalking
sour-looking
straight-edge bobbin
tackle twill
Travasol
two-pronged star
type specimens
ultramicro-crystal
unopened copy
unsym.-dimethylurea
utility glider
viceregent
Villarluengo
wideband passive radar seeker
Windows Mobile
wingwise