时间:2019-02-13 作者:英语课 分类:阅读空间


英语课

   语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的,以英语为例,英语有五种基本语调:升调(?)、降调(?)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)。一句话除了词汇意义(lexical meaning)还有语调意义(intonation meaning)。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义,而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子,语调不同,意思就会不同,有时甚至会相差千里。请看下例:


  1)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry?(?)
  Jean用升调说“Sorry”,其意思是“I didn’t hear you.Could 1 you say that again,please?”
  我们再看下句:
  2)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry.(?)
  在对话2)中,Jean用降调说“Sorry”,显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。
  美国著名语言学家Kenneth L.Pike认为:
  一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的,而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。
  英语有四级能区别意义的调高:
  1)特高调(extra high),即比正常的声调高两级,常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。
  2)高调(high),即比正常的声调高一级,一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。
  3)中调(mid),即说话人声音的正常高度。
  4)低调(low),即比正常的声调低一级,
  一般是降调的最低点。
  应该按照说话人的态度来分语调模式,而不能按照句子的语法结构来分。没有所谓“疑问句的语调”或“陈述句的语调”。因为疑问句和陈述句都可以用各种语调模式来说。

v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
标签: 语调
学英语单词
abu ali i.
adeptship
air sieve
alkalises
angiospasmodic disease
apparent toughness
Ardnasodan
audit coverage
aurantium methylis
aventurero
balanced laminate
basal cell adenocarcinoma
BCA Finance Limited
belik
bosh break-out
cavernoma lymphaticum
complete system
compressibility by shaking
cost incidence
coupler socket
Craigdarroch
custodial engineer
differential absorptiometry
digory
disproval
electrolysis of aqueous solution
financial strategy
flashy
flavivirus hepacivirus
forced transition
fosu
friction-breccia
frivolers
fuckhead
furrow rim
fuselage underside looking forward
geburite dacite
get sb. out of trouble
Gynura crepidioides
high capacity fuse
hinnebusch
homo-ion
hypovascularizations
idle around
in the style of
Inapasade
izations
kangaroo bars
lawn trimmer and edger
leaflessness
Lindernia antipoda
lopl
losenger
major-league
make good our retreat
management system for the paid use of land
Mayaki
MCRE
melow
methyl xanthine
Metoclol
molal conductivity
Molisch's reaction
nebesko kolo
noncaloric
nonlifer
nonright
not matter two hoots
off-shuttle
outwring
pamphilia
place importance on
platanaceous
pneumatic recorder
re-regulation
relation mark
retirement method of depreciation
right child
San Kamphaeng Range
scouring solution
sealing pressure
security intrusion
self-acting controller
shallow waisted
shothole stemming machine
silvadene
single-molecule magnet
sketchas
stiemsma
superheat meter
system of logarithms
system output unit
Terracur
tidal channel
tomei
trichlorostannate
valve spring collar
vanderbilt strain
Venda, Mte.
versuslaw
vitamin H
with one's monkey up