时间:2019-02-13 作者:英语课 分类:阅读空间


英语课

   语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的,以英语为例,英语有五种基本语调:升调(?)、降调(?)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)。一句话除了词汇意义(lexical meaning)还有语调意义(intonation meaning)。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义,而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子,语调不同,意思就会不同,有时甚至会相差千里。请看下例:


  1)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry?(?)
  Jean用升调说“Sorry”,其意思是“I didn’t hear you.Could 1 you say that again,please?”
  我们再看下句:
  2)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry.(?)
  在对话2)中,Jean用降调说“Sorry”,显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。
  美国著名语言学家Kenneth L.Pike认为:
  一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的,而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。
  英语有四级能区别意义的调高:
  1)特高调(extra high),即比正常的声调高两级,常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。
  2)高调(high),即比正常的声调高一级,一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。
  3)中调(mid),即说话人声音的正常高度。
  4)低调(low),即比正常的声调低一级,
  一般是降调的最低点。
  应该按照说话人的态度来分语调模式,而不能按照句子的语法结构来分。没有所谓“疑问句的语调”或“陈述句的语调”。因为疑问句和陈述句都可以用各种语调模式来说。

v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
标签: 语调
学英语单词
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alteration zone
anrantiol
artery of bulb of vestibule of vagina
as judged by
asahikawas
asset-classes
automatic double beam spectrometer
axial column
beraloy
bighorn rivers
biomineral
blow weak
bob-her
boekelheide
bright mild steel round head wood screw
bupleuonol
By NAME option
camshaft packing nut
car valve spring wire
central canal for chorda tympani
chiasmatype hypothesis
coctostable
communication satellite earth station
competence of witness
complete treatment
contingentism
costa ribeiro effect
crotastriatine
cyanol blue
decanoyl peroxide
dipterids
double arm kneading mixer
electric fan production line
erection load for mast
eschscholtzias
Everode
ferroconcrete
gammaphytoptus litseaus
gentoo penguin
glikes
grass belly
grayhound
ground engineering
highway cost
iming
inband rybat
indefinite innerproduct
insidely
intensity circuit
iron-ocher
isostiffness design of laminate
james baldwins
jiabao
kennestone
left crus
Los Angeles-type smog
Maigatari
make-busy jack
making wood science
methyergonovine
micellizes
mizzas
mold unloading
monobucket excavator
natural tooth
next to last
ocean stratification
Old Ionic
oxyacantha
paraprofessional
petty cash (fund)
phagocytolytic
pneumatic irregularity tester
portable stop board
potential of a solid body
power spectrum estimation
pressure regulator spring
process with orthogonal increments
putting by
red glass test
rod oscillation experiment
sashings
semi-automatic focusing
shooting under
shoreland
single polar
single tackle
snoddy
spitz
squab chick
stone sidewalk
stratiform ore deposit
tail stock
Theodotus Of Ancyra
to suppress
tooth clinching
travon
urgent
wass
we's
yellow inaicator