时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:大学四六级阅读


英语课

   阅读是增长知识获取信息的主要途径,阅读能力是英语教学的重点。近年来,注重对初中生阅读理解能力的考核已成为中考的一大趋势。阅读理解能力影响并制约听、说、读、写能力的形成和发展,中学英语教学大纲也把培养阅读能力作为一个主要的教学目标。要做好阅读理解,应从以下几方面入手。


  1.分门别类识别文体
  随着信息时代的到来,阅读内容更趋于信息化、时代化,突破了单一的故事、寓言等题材,内容涉及新闻、广告、科普、医疗、教育等,文章的体裁也从记叙扩大到产品说明、逻辑推理及实际应用等文体。不同的文体阅读的要求与方法不尽相同。
  记叙文阅读主要抓四大要素,即时间、地点、人物和事件的起因、发展和结果,以及人物之间的关系、表现,从中分析他们思想品质、性格特征等;议论文是阐明作者对人或事的好坏的立场观点,因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据,理清论证思路,再进行逻辑推理得出结论;应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体,它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简历,形式多样,题材各异,如图示、表格、地址、网址等,对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息,理解文章内容。
  2.统览全篇摘录要点
  阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解,而不是断章取义的一孔之见,所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的,这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。
  如2002 年本市中考试卷C篇阅读并回答问题中,通过对全篇的布局谋篇以及问题的设置看到的不是片言只语,而从中感悟到人文思想的体现,人类和自然界生态相辅相成的关系,从而得出第6小题:From the passage,we learn that___.答案为B:,
  The rainforest people have done some- thing to protect their home.
  在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录,因为一些显性的答案是可以从要点中直接回答,而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。统览全篇,摘录要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。
  3.开动脑筋推测词意
  初中英语学科教学基本要求规定,学生能根据上下文推测词义,并能不借助词典读懂含有3%生词的语言材料,换言之,这就是促使学生的知识内化的过程,学生要通过知识内化将内隐的心理活动转换为外显的行为,可以借助以下的几种方法完成内化过程:
  4.根据上下文猜测词意
  如闸北区2003年中考模拟题,阅读B篇中p assed 1 away,根据上文的An illness had kept the boy home和下文写给Rick的信中可以猜测出意为“去世”。
  5.根据构词法猜测词意
  前缀un-表反义词,如happy、unhappy,fair、unfair,important、unimportant等。
  后缀- ment表名词,如develop、development,state、statement,argue、argument等。
  后缀-er、-or或-ist表同源名词,如c alculate、calculator,visit、visitor,law、lawyer,wait、waiter,sci- ence、scientist,art、artist等。
  6.用知识和生活经验理解短文
  如根据化学知识,可以理解科普读物Water is made from oxygen and hydrogen.;根据生活经验可以理解 Green plants let out oxygen and breathe in carbon dioxide.。根据逻辑推理理解短文,
  逻辑推理实际上就是文章的“弦外之音”、“言下之意”。如闸北区中考模拟卷阅读C篇回答问题中,根据 Have the police taken your driving licence away,too?可以推断问题6: Why was the other man riding a bicycle instead of diving a car?的答案为: Because the police had take his driving licence away.。
  再如 Then they cam e to the second picture. The assistant was going to draw the cloth ashe did before.As soon ashe touched the cloth, he cried,″Wonderful It’s the best picture I have ever seen!″据此可以推断出第二张画画的是一块布。
  7.条分缕析理解长句
  长句是初中生阅读理解的难点之一,长句中通常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构,对于这类句子要分清主次,先找出句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补,再找出修饰它的从句或短语等。如, Parents whose children show a special interestina particular sport have a difficult decision to make about their children’s career.,先找出本句的主、谓、宾为Parents have a cision.,再找出修饰语 W hose 2 children show a special interestina particular sport为Parents的定语从句,difficult修饰decision,to make about their children’s careers为不定式做 decision的定语。经过分析,化整为零,化繁为简,此句就不难理解了。

称职的
  • Don't take a half-assed approach. 不要采取半assed办法。
  • They did a half-assed job in repainting my car. 我的车子重新喷漆,他们做得差劲得很。
n.输水软管,长统袜;vt.浇园子,用管冲洗
  • Connect the hose to the tap and turn on the tap.把水管接在龙头上,打开水龙头。
  • After raining,I always hose the yard out.雨后,我总是用软管把院子冲干净。
标签: 四级 阅读理解
学英语单词
a-noon
agatoid
amphiplatyan (amphyplatyan)
area moment method
asymmetrical dipole
autogyroes
azulmic acid
Bering Sea National Wildlife Refuge
bit-slice processing
Braslav
broad-external attention
cadgin
caka
camera ready
cantour
chloritoids
Classical Prescriptions School
cocolonization
coding of computer instructions
colaboracin
comparative case study
controlled atmospere arc welding
dark-field illumination
dead level
disciplinate
drainage ability
drum-type controller
emission resonance
examination on the spot
feigens
figurative
front-wheel gauge
Glen Burnie
golden willow
graff
group-bank lamp
hgnc
high tension arc
infinite anisotropic source
islamic republic of pakistans
Khorassan
Longwick
lucus a non lucendo
mapping finite element method
marchi
measured daywork
meisels
Menognatha
mixed mass-service system
molybdenite concentrate
mudflat aquaculture
mulvils
n-Chimerin
Neanderthalian
non-locals
non-variable
off-line edit
overnoising
palaeoxylological
parallel arrangement of moving stairs
parametric pumping
pathogenetic fungi
Phymosomatidae
pimenton
piousness
positive checks
primary parietal layer
quick and dead
raphanuss
reflection-on-action
regional block anesthesia
reinforced concrete girder
return trip effect
right hand propeller
Romney, George
RPIC
second stage certification
silver oxide battery
single-voltage rating
singlemesh
Skoura
ST_size-and-quantity_things-remaining
staphyline
straight runs of pipe
suspension fiber
suspension of feeding
sword stick
swyd (switchyard)
the construction industry
the pen is mightier than the sword
the prosecution
thiosulphate
top-rate
Trichonovo
tristana
tunk
uplands
uranyl chloride
UV-lamp
v-chippest
with a splash
wm.