2012金融英语考试口语之国际货币制度2
英语课
2012金融英语考试口语之国际货币制度2
The International Monetary 1 Situation （2）
国际货币制度（二）
Situation 5
情景 5
Ms.Johnson and Mr.Black continue their discussion of theInternational Monetary System 。
约翰逊小姐和布莱克先生继续讨论国际货币制度。
Black ：Is that when the Smithsonian Agreement was signed ？
布莱克：史密森协定就是在那时签订的吧？
Johnson:Yes，in December 1971.Under that and subsequent agreements ，the fixed 2 rate exchangesystem has been changed to a floating exchange rate system in which the value of variouscurrencies fluctuate to restore balance-of-payments equilibrium 3 。
约翰逊：对，是在1971年12月签订的。在史密森协定和随后的一些协定的指导下，固定的外汇汇率制度转变为浮动汇变幻无率制度。在这个制度中，以各种货币价值的波动来恢复国际收支差额的平衡。
B:So you mean that foreign exchange rates are new free to change according to the laws ofsupply and demand？
布莱克：那么，您是说，现在外汇汇率是按照供需规律自由是变化？
J:Not quite .Actually ，we now have a managed floating exchange rate system，or what many people call a dirty float system 。
约翰逊：也不完全是这样。实际上，我们现在建立了一个受管制的浮动汇率制度，即许多人称之为：受限制的浮动外汇制度“。
This means that ，while there is a great degree of flexibility 4 in exchange rates according to balanceof payment factors，
就是说，虽然按照国际收支差额的因素，汇率有很大程度的灵活性，
central banks still intervene in the market by buying or selling large amounts of foreign currenciesto prevent wide-ranging fluctuations 5.
但中央银行仍然使用买进或卖出大量外币的办法来防止大幅度的外汇浮动，以此来干预外汇市场。
B:Why do they do this ？Wouldn’t a clean float be better？
布莱克：他们为什么要这样做呢？ 不受限制的汇率浮动会不会更好些呢？
J:Well，a clean float means that the parity 6 rate of various currencies would go up or go down torestore balance-of -payments equilibrium.
约翰逊：不受限制的汇率浮动意味着各种货币的比价能以涨价或跌价来恢复国际收支差额的平衡。
Therefore ，a country’s international trade position could be affected 7 by an appreciation 8 of itscurrency 。
因此，一个国家的外贸地位会因为它的货币的增值而受到影响了。
B:Oh ，I see.So governments must consider their internal fiscal 9 and political requirements ，too.
布莱克：噢，我明白了。因此政府也必须考虑到国内的财政和政治需要。
J:Yes，that’s right .That’s why it takes a great deal of international cooperation to make the presentsystem work 。
约翰逊：对，是这样的。这就是为什么需要大量国际间协作才会使得这个现行制度发挥作用。
adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的
- The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
- Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的
- Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
- Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。
n.平衡，均衡，相称，均势，平静
- Change in the world around us disturbs our inner equilibrium.我们周围世界的变化扰乱了我们内心的平静。
- This is best expressed in the form of an equilibrium constant.这最好用平衡常数的形式来表示。
n.柔韧性，弹性，（光的）折射性，灵活性
- Her great strength lies in her flexibility.她的优势在于她灵活变通。
- The flexibility of a man's muscles will lessen as he becomes old.人老了肌肉的柔韧性将降低。
波动，涨落，起伏( fluctuation的名词复数 )
- He showed the price fluctuations in a statistical table. 他用统计表显示价格的波动。
- There were so many unpredictable fluctuations on the Stock Exchange. 股票市场瞬息万变。
n.平价，等价，比价，对等
- The two currencies have now reached parity.这两种货币现已达到同等价值。
- Women have yet to achieve wage or occupational parity in many fields.女性在很多领域还没能争取到薪金、职位方面的平等。
adj.不自然的，假装的
- She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
- His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨
- I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.我想对你们所有人表达我的感激和谢意。
- I'll be sending them a donation in appreciation of their help.我将送给他们一笔捐款以感谢他们的帮助。